Good Doctor

The Good Doctor is an American medical drama television series based on the 2013 award-winning South Korean series of the same name. The actor Daniel Dae Kim first noticed the series and bought the rights for his production company. He began adapting the series and in 2015 eventually shopped it to CBS, his home network. CBS decided against creating a pilot. Because Kim felt so strongly about the series, he bought back the rights from CBS. Eventually, Sony Pictures Television and Kim worked out a deal and brought on David Shore, creator of the Fox medical drama House, to develop the series.[1]

The show is produced by Sony Pictures Television and ABC Studios, in association with production companies Shore Z Productions, 3AD, and Entermedia. David Shore serves as showrunner and Daniel Dae Kim is an executive producer for the show.

The series stars Freddie Highmore as Shaun Murphy, a young autistic savant surgical resident at San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital. Antonia Thomas, Nicholas Gonzalez, Beau Garrett, Hill Harper, Richard Schiff, Will Yun Lee and Tamlyn Tomita also star in the show. The series received a put pilot commitment at ABC after a previous attempted series did not move forward at CBS Television Studios in 2015; The Good Doctor was ordered to series in May 2017. On October 3, 2017, ABC picked up the series for a full season of 18 episodes. The series is primarily filmed in Vancouver, British Columbia.

The series debuted on September 25, 2017. The Good Doctor has received mixed reviews from critics, with particular praise given to Highmore's performance, and strong television ratings. In March 2018, ABC renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on September 24, 2018. In February 2019, ABC renewed the series for a third season, which is set to premiere on September 23, 2019.
Premise
The series follows Shaun Murphy, a young autistic surgeon with savant syndrome from the mid-size city of Casper, Wyoming, where he had a troubled childhood. He relocates to San Jose, California, to work at the prestigious San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital.[2]

Cast and characters
Main
Freddie Highmore as Dr. Shaun Murphy, an autistic surgical resident under Dr. Melendez.[3] His savant abilities include near-photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. In season 2, Shaun was removed from surgery by Chief of Surgery Dr. Jackson Han and later fired from St. Bonaventure but was reinstated to surgery in the season 2 finale. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere.[4]
Nicholas Gonzalez as Dr. Neil Melendez, an attending cardiothoracic surgeon in charge of surgical residents. He was engaged to Jessica Preston but they later broke up over Jessica not wanting children. He later moves on to a relationship with Dr. Lim.[3]
Antonia Thomas as Dr. Claire Browne, a surgical resident under Dr. Melendez who forms a close friendship with Shaun. Claire is known for her empathy and emotional maturity, and is usually very patient and understanding when communicating with Shaun. Later on, she was removed from Dr. Melendez's team and became Dr. Lim's resident but is later restored under pressure from Andrews.[5]
Chuku Modu as Dr. Jared Kalu, a surgical resident under Dr. Melendez from a wealthy family. He moves to Denver after conflicting with Dr. Andrews.[6] (seasons 1–2)
Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston, the hospital in-house attorney and Vice President of Risk Management. She is the granddaughter of the hospital founder and a friend of Dr. Glassman.[7] (season 1)
Hill Harper as Dr. Marcus Andrews, President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, former Chief of Surgery, attending plastic surgeon.[8]
Richard Schiff as Dr. Aaron Glassman, former President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital and attending neurosurgeon, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14.[9][10]
Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki, Chairwoman of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital Board and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital's funding.[11]
Will Yun Lee as Dr. Alex Park, an ex-cop who decided to become a doctor. A surgical resident under Dr. Lim. He was married to Mia and had a son Kellan before his divorce. After reconnecting, Park and Mia begin a reconciliation.[12] (season 2; recurring, season 1)
Fiona Gubelmann as Dr. Morgan Reznick, a surgical resident under Dr. Melendez. Morgan has a subtle rivalry with Claire as they have opposite personalities and work ethics.[13][14] (season 2; recurring, season 1)
Christina Chang as Dr. Audrey Lim, an attending trauma surgeon in charge of the ER and surgical residents, later Chief of Surgery by the end of Season 2. (season 2; recurring, season 1)
Paige Spara as Lea Dilallo, Shaun's love interest until she left to pursue her dream. Later after she returned, they decided to be just friends and become roommates. (season 2; recurring, season 1)
Recurring
Dylan Kingwell as Steve Murphy (season 1): Shaun's younger brother, in flashbacks.[4] He also portrays Evan Gallico, a boy in the present that resembles Shaun's brother and is suffering from stage 4 osteosarcoma.
Teryl Rothery as J.L.
Chris D'Elia as Kenny (season 1): Shaun's new neighbor, who moves into Lea's apartment. Shaun mentioned that he was arrested when Lea returned.
Jasika Nicole as Dr. Carly Lever, a pathologist introduced in season 1 and becomes Shaun's co-worker in season 2. In the season 2 finale, Shaun asks her on a date and she accepts.
Sheila Kelley as hospital barista Debbie Wexler, a love interest for Dr. Glassman and later his fiancé. Kelley is the wife of Richard Schiff, who plays Glassman.
Lisa Edelstein as Dr. Marina Blaize (season 2), an oncologist[15]
Daniel Dae Kim as Dr. Jackson Han (season 2), former Chief of Surgery of San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has troubles with Shaun's behavior and autism.[16]
Notable guests
Irene Keng as Dr. Elle McLean, a surgical resident (only appears in the pilot) [8][17]
Eve Gordon as Nurse Fryday[18]
Eric Winter as Matt Coyle, a suave doctor who charms the hospital's staff, until he makes explicit advances towards Claire.[19]
Marsha Thomason as Dr. Isabel Barnes, Dr. Marcus Andrews' wife. [20]
Kelly Blatz as Aidan Coulter, donor and Allegra's love interest
Manny Jacinto as Bobby Ato, in the 10th episode of the first season, "Sacrifice"
Necar Zadegan as Dr. Ko.
Holly Taylor as Maddie Glassman, Dr. Glassman's daughter.
Ricky He as Kellan Park, Dr. Park's estranged son[21]
Vered Blonstein as Lana Moore, the only autistic female character on the series.[22]
Alex Plank as Javier Maldonado
Development
In May 2014, CBS Television Studios began development on an American remake of the hit South Korean medical drama Good Doctor with Daniel Dae Kim as producer. Kim explained the appeal of adapting the series as "something that can fit into a recognizable world, with a breadth of characters that can be explored in the long run".[26] The story of an autistic pediatric surgeon was to be set in Boston and projected to air in August 2015.[27][28] However, CBS did not pick up the project and it moved to Sony Pictures Television, with a put pilot commitment from ABC in October 2016. The series is developed by David Shore, who is executive producing alongside Kim, Sebastian Lee, and David Kim.[29] ABC officially ordered the series to pilot in January 2017.[30]

On May 11, 2017, ABC ordered the show to series as a co-production with Sony Pictures Television and ABC Studios,[31] and it was officially picked up for a season of 18 episodes on October 3, 2017.[32] On March 7, 2018, ABC renewed the series for a second season.[33] On February 5, 2019, during the TCA press tour, ABC renewed the show for a third season which is set to premiere on September 23, 2019.[34][35][25]

Casting
On February 17, 2017, Antonia Thomas was cast as Dr. Claire Browne, a strong-willed and talented doctor who forms a special connection with Shaun.[5] A week later, Freddie Highmore was cast in the lead role as Dr. Shaun Murphy, an autistic surgeon; and Nicholas Gonzalez was cast as Dr. Neil Melendez, the boss of the surgical residents at the hospital.[3] The next month, Chuku Modu was cast as resident Dr. Jared Kalu (originally Dr. Jared Unger);[6] Hill Harper as head of surgery Dr. Marcus Andrews (originally Dr. Horace Andrews); Irene Keng as resident Dr. Elle McLean;[8] and Richard Schiff was cast as Dr. Aaron Glassman (originally Dr. Ira Glassman), the hospital president and Shaun's mentor.[9][31] Schiff was shortly followed by Beau Garrett as hospital board member Jessica Preston and a friend of Dr. Glassman.[7] In September 2017, Tamlyn Tomita was promoted to the principal cast as Allegra Aoki.[11]

In April 2018, it was revealed that Will Yun Lee, Fiona Gubelmann, Christina Chang, and Paige Spara had been promoted to series regulars for the second season, after recurring in the first as Alex, Morgan, Audrey, and Lea, respectively.[36] In addition, it was announced that Chuku Modu would not return for the second season.[36] On September 19, 2018, it was announced that Beau Garrett had left the series ahead of the second-season premiere.

Sports

Sport includes all forms of competitive physical activity or games which,[1] through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases, entertainment for spectators.[2] Hundreds of sports exist, from those between single contestants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals. In certain sports such as racing, many contestants may compete, simultaneously or consecutively, with one winner; in others, the contest (a match) is between two sides, each attempting to exceed the other. Some sports allow a "tie" or "draw", in which there is no single winner; others provide tie-breaking methods to ensure one winner and one loser. A number of contests may be arranged in a tournament producing a champion. Many sports leagues make an annual champion by arranging games in a regular sports season, followed in some cases by playoffs.

Sport is generally recognised as system of activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition,[3] and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports.[2] However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports, and SportAccord, the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical sports: bridge, chess, draughts (checkers), Go and xiangqi,[4][5] and limits the number of mind games which can be admitted as sports.[1]

Sport is usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner. Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first. It can also be determined by judges who are scoring elements of the sporting performance, including objective or subjective measures such as technical performance or artistic impression.

Records of performance are often kept, and for popular sports, this information may be widely announced or reported in sport news. Sport is also a major source of entertainment for non-participants, with spectator sport drawing large crowds to sport venues, and reaching wider audiences through broadcasting. Sport betting is in some cases severely regulated, and in some cases is central to the sport.

According to A.T. Kearney, a consultancy, the global sporting industry is worth up to $620 billion as of 2013.[6] The world's most accessible and practised sport is running, while association football is the most popular spectator spor
Meaning and usage
Etymology
The word "sport" comes from the Old French desport meaning "leisure", with the oldest definition in English from around 1300 being "anything humans find amusing or entertaining".[8]

Other meanings include gambling and events staged for the purpose of gambling; hunting; and games and diversions, including ones that require exercise.[9] Roget's defines the noun sport as an "activity engaged in for relaxation and amusement" with synonyms including diversion and recreation.[10]

Nomenclature
The singular term "sport" is used in most English dialects to describe the overall concept (e.g. "children taking part in sport"), with "sports" used to describe multiple activities (e.g. "football and rugby are the most popular sports in England"). American English uses "sports" for both terms.

Definition
The precise definition of what separates a sport from other leisure activities varies between sources. The closest to an international agreement on a definition is provided by SportAccord, which is the association for all the largest international sports federations (including association football, athletics, cycling, tennis, equestrian sports, and more), and is therefore the de facto representative of international sport.

SportAccord uses the following criteria, determining that a sport should:[1]

have an element of competition
be in no way harmful to any living creature
not rely on equipment provided by a single supplier (excluding proprietary games such as arena football)
not rely on any "luck" element specifically designed into the sport.
They also recognise that sport can be primarily physical (such as rugby or athletics), primarily mind (such as chess or Go), predominantly motorised (such as Formula 1 or powerboating), primarily co-ordination (such as billiard sports), or primarily animal-supported (such as equestrian sport).[1]

The inclusion of mind sports within sport definitions has not been universally accepted, leading to legal challenges from governing bodies in regards to being denied funding available to sports.[11] Whilst SportAccord recognises a small number of mind sports, it is not open to admitting any further mind sports.

There has been an increase in the application of the term "sport" to a wider set of non-physical challenges such as video games, also called esports, especially due to the large scale of participation and organised competition, but these are not widely recognised by mainstream sports organisations. According to Council of Europe, European Sports Charter, article 2.i, "'Sport' means all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships or obtaining results in competition at all levels."[12]

Competition
There are opposing views on the necessity of competition as a defining element of a sport, with almost all professional sport involving competition, and governing bodies requiring competition as a prerequisite of recognition by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) or SportAccord.[1]

Other bodies advocate widening the definition of sport to include all physical activity. For instance, the Council of Europe include all forms of physical exercise, including those competed just for fun.

In order to widen participation, and reduce the impact of losing on less able participants, there has been an introduction of non-competitive physical activity to traditionally competitive events such as school sports days, although moves like this are often controversial.[13][14]

In competitive events, participants are graded or classified based on their "result" and often divided into groups of comparable performance, (e.g. gender, weight and age). The measurement of the result may be objective or subjective, and corrected with "handicaps" or penalties. In a race, for example, the time to complete the course is an objective measurement. In gymnastics or diving the result is decided by a panel of judges, and therefore subjective. There are many shades of judging between boxing and mixed martial arts, where victory is assigned by judges if neither competitor has lost at the end of the match time
Artifacts and structures suggest sport in China as early as 2000 BC.[15] Gymnastics appears to have been popular in China's ancient past. Monuments to the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports, including swimming and fishing, were well-developed and regulated several thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt.[16] Other Egyptian sports included javelin throwing, high jump, and wrestling. Ancient Persian sports such as the traditional Iranian martial art of Zourkhaneh had a close connection to warfare skills.[17] Among other sports that originated in ancient Persia are polo and jousting.
A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sport in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sport became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.[18]

Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time, letting people attend and follow spectator sports and participate in athletic activities. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans followed the exploits of professional athletes – all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports. Since the turn of the 21st century, there has been increasing debate about whether transgender sportspersons should be able to participate in sport events that conform with their post-transition gender identity.
Sportsmanship
Main article: Sportsmanship
See also: Gamesmanship and Winning isn't everything; it's the only thing
Sportsmanship is an attitude that strives for fair play, courtesy toward teammates and opponents, ethical behaviour and integrity, and grace in victory or defeat.[20][21][22]

Sportsmanship expresses an aspiration or ethos that the activity will be enjoyed for its own sake. The well-known sentiment by sports journalist Grantland Rice, that it's "not that you won or lost but how you played the game", and the modern Olympic creed expressed by its founder Pierre de Coubertin: "The most important thing... is not winning but taking part" are typical expressions of this sentiment.

Cheating
See also: Match fixing and cheating
Key principles of sport include that the result should not be predetermined, and that both sides should have equal opportunity to win. Rules are in place to ensure fair play, but participants can break these rules in order to gain advantage.

Participants may cheat in order to unfairly increase their chance of winning, or in order to achieve other advantages such as financial gains. The widespread existence of gambling on the results of sports fixtures creates a motivation for match fixing, where a participant or participants deliberately work to ensure a given outcome rather than simply playing to win.

Doping and drugs
Main article: Use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport
The competitive nature of sport encourages some participants to attempt to enhance their performance through the use of medicines, or through other means such as increasing the volume of blood in their bodies through artificial means.

All sports recognised by the IOC or SportAccord are required to implement a testing programme, looking for a list of banned drugs, with suspensions or bans being placed on participants who test positive for banned substances.

Violence
Violence in sports involves crossing the line between fair competition and intentional aggressive violence. Athletes, coaches, fans, and parents sometimes unleash violent behaviour on people or property, in misguided shows of loyalty, dominance, anger, or celebration. Rioting or hooliganism by fans in particular is a problem at some national and international sporting contests.

Bab Buelens

Bab Buelens (Begijnendijk, 23 mei 1994) is een Belgische zangeres, model, influencer,[bron?] actrice, en presentatrice. Ze verwierf bekendheid dankzij haar deelname aan de voorronde van Junior Eurovisiesongfestival in 2007, waar ze van 2008 tot 2010 ook in de Belgische jury van de internationale jury zat. Ze studeerde Taal- en Letterkunde: Engels en Italiaans in KU Leuven en Taal- en Letterkunde: Nederlands - Theater, film- en literatuurwetenschap in Universiteit Antwerpen, waar ze in 2017 afstudeerde
Biografie
Buelens verscheen voor het eerst in 2007 op televisie. Met haar nummer Laat mij gerust nam ze deel aan de Belgische voorrondes voor het Junior Eurovisiesongfestival 2007. Ze overleefde de voorrondes en schopte het tot in de finale, hier moest ze enkel Trust laten voorgaan.

Nadien bracht ze vijf singles uit. Bij het tijdschrift For Girls Only! werd Buelens' eerste cd gratis aangeboden. Buelens was ook een van de kinderen in de documentaire Sounds like teen spirits: a popumentary, een documentaire over het Junior Eurovisiesongfestival in 2007. Ook deed zij mee aan de eerste editie van Ketnetpop, waar ze onder meer de nummers Laat mij gerust en Zo is er maar één zong. Ze was de jongste zangeres die ooit op Vtm live stond. In 2010 sloot ze voorts een contract met platenlabel SonicAngel, dat in hetzelfde jaar opgericht was door Maurice Engelen en Bart Becks. In 2011 bracht ze een Engelstalige single uit, getiteld Wounds.

In 2010 begon ze ook te acteren en nam ze de rol van Sofie in de serie Skilz voor haar rekening. In het najaar van 2014 werd Buelens bovendien een van de gezichten van vtmKzoom. Vanaf december dat jaar speelde ze Emma Verdonck in de VTM-serie Familie. Deze rol zou ze net geen 5 jaar vertolken. Haar laatste draaidag was in juni 2019.

Op 11 februari 2019 kondigde ze aan dat ze de rol van Nikki[2] zal vertolken in de vierde film van F.C. De Kampioenen.

Apple Store

Apple Store is a chain of retail stores owned and operated by Apple Inc. The stores sell various Apple products, including Mac personal computers, iPhone smartphones, iPad tablet computers, iPod portable media players, Apple Watch smartwatches, Apple TV digital media players, software, and selected third-party accessories.

The first Apple Stores were originally opened as two locations in May 2001 by then-CEO Steve Jobs, after years of attempting but failing store-within-a-store concepts. Seeing a need for improved retail presentation of the company's products, he began an effort in 1997 to revamp the retail program to get an improved relationship to consumers, and hired Ron Johnson in 2000. Jobs relaunched Apple's online store in 1997, and opened the first two physical stores in 2001. The media initially speculated that Apple would fail, but its stores were highly successful, by passing the sales numbers of competing nearby stores and within three years reached US$1 billion in annual sales, becoming the fastest retailer in history to do so. Over the years, Apple has expanded the number of retail locations and its geographical coverage, with 506 stores across 25 countries worldwide as of 2018.[2] Strong product sales have placed Apple among the top-tier retail stores, with sales over $16 billion globally in 2011.

In May 2016, Angela Ahrendts, Apple's current Senior Vice President of Retail, unveiled a significantly redesigned Apple Store in Union Square, San Francisco, featuring large glass doors for the entry, open spaces, and rebranded rooms. In addition to purchasing products, consumers can get advice and help from "Creative Pros" – individuals with specialized knowledge of creative arts; get product support in a tree-lined Genius Grove; and attend sessions, conferences and community events, with Ahrendts commenting that the goal is to make Apple Stores into "town squares", a place where people naturally meet up and spend time. The new design will be applied to all Apple Stores worldwide, a process that has seen stores temporarily relocate or close.

Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls, but Apple has built several stand-alone flagship stores in high-profile locations. It has been granted design patents and received architectural awards for its stores' designs and construction, specifically for its use of glass staircases and cubes. The success of Apple Stores have had significant influence over other consumer electronics retailers, who have lost traffic, control and profits due to a perceived higher quality of service and products at Apple Stores. Apple's notable brand loyalty among consumers causes long lines of hundreds of people at new Apple Store openings or product releases. Due to the popularity of the brand, Apple receives a large number of job applications, many of which come from young workers. Although Apple Store employees receive above-average pay, are offered money toward education and health care, and receive product discounts, there are limited or no paths of career advancement. A May 2016 report with an anonymous retail employee highlighted a hostile work environment with harassment from customers, intense internal criticism, and a lack of significant bonuses for securing major business contracts.
Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls, but Apple has built several stand-alone flagship stores in high-profile locations, such as the one located in Grand Central Terminal in New York City.[3] Several multi-level stores feature glass staircases,[4][5][6] and some also glass bridges.[7] The New York Times wrote in 2011 that these features were part of then-CEO Steve Jobs' extensive attention to detail,[8] and Apple received a design patent in 2002 for its glass staircase design.[9][10][11] Historically, Apple has partnered with architectural firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson in designing and creating its original retail stores, and has in recent years partnered with architectural firm Foster + Partners in designing its newer stores, as well as its corporate Apple Park campus.[12]

Apple has received numerous architectural awards for its store designs,[13][14] and its "iconic" glass cube, designed in part by Peter Bohlin,[15][16] at Apple's Fifth Avenue store in New York City, received a separate design patent in 2014.[17][18][19]

Ron Johnson held the position of Senior Vice President of Retail Operations from 2001 until November 1, 2011.[20][21] During his tenure, it was reported that while Johnson was responsible for site selection, in-store service, and store layout, inventory was controlled by then-COO and now-CEO Tim Cook, who has a background in supply chain management.[22] In January 2012, Apple transferred retail leadership to John Browett.[23] However, after attempts to cut costs, including reducing new hires and limiting staff hours, he was fired after six months, later telling a conference that he "just didn’t fit with the way they ran the business".[24][25] In October 2013, Apple hired Angela Ahrendts from Burberry.[26][27][28]

Work environment
Due to the popularity of the brand, applicants for jobs at Apple Stores are numerous, with many young workers applying.[29] The pace of work is high due to the popularity of the iPhone and iPad.[29] Employees typically work for only a few years as career prospects are limited with no path of advancement other than limited retail management slots.[29] Apple Store employees make above-average pay for retail employees and are offered money toward college tuitions, gym memberships, health care, 401(k) plans, product discounts, and reduced price on purchase of stock.[29] The retention rate for the technicians who staff the Genius Bar is more than 90%.[29][30]

A May 2016 Business Insider article features a lengthy interview with an anonymous Apple Store retail worker in the United Kingdom, where the employee highlighted significant dissatisfactions and issues for retail workers, including harassment and death threats from customers, an intense internal criticism policy that feels "like a cult", a lack of any significant bonus if a worker manages to secure a business contract worth "hundreds of thousands", a lack of promotion opportunities, and are paid so little that many workers are unable to buy products themselves even with a "generous" discount on any Apple product or Apple stock
Third-party retail
Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple, returned to the company as interim CEO in 1997. According to his biographer Walter Isaacson, Jobs began a concerted campaign to help sales by improving the retail presentation of Macintosh computers. Even with new products launched under his watch, like the iMac and the PowerBook G3 and an online store, Apple still relied heavily on big box computer and electronics stores for most of its sales. There, customers continued to deal with poorly trained and ill-maintained Mac sections that did not foster customer loyalty to Apple and did not help differentiate the Mac user experience from Windows.[32][33] In fact, the retailer trend was towards selling their own generic in-house brand PCs which used even cheaper components than those by major PC makers, increasing retailer overall margins by keeping the manufacturing profits. This "provided a powerful profit motive to convert customers interested in buying a Mac into the owners of a new, cheaply assembled, house brand PC".[34]

Tim Cook, who joined Apple in 1998 as Senior Vice President for Worldwide Operations, announced the company would "cut some channel partners that may not be providing the buying experience [Apple expects]. We're not happy with everybody." Jobs severed Apple's ties with every big box retailer, including Sears, Montgomery Ward, Best Buy, Circuit City, Computer City, and Office Max to focus its retail efforts with CompUSA. Between 1997 and 2000, the number of Mac authorized resellers dropped from 20,000 to just 11,000. The majority of these were cuts made by Apple itself. Jobs proclaimed that Apple's would be targeting Dell as competitor, with Cook's mandate to match or exceed Dell's lean inventories and streamlined supply chain. Jobs made an open statement to Michael Dell, "with our new products and our new store and our new build-to-order, we're coming after you, buddy." While Dell had operated as a direct mail order and online order company, having pulled out of retailers to realize greater profit margins and efficiency, Apple had direct orders with sales handled by its channel partners, other mail order resellers, independent dealerships, and the new relationship with CompUSA to build "stores within a store".[34]

Jobs did a study for stand alone "store within a store" for 34 sites in Japan. These sites were designed by Eight Inc. who was designing the Apple MacWorld and product launch events with Apple. CompUSA was one of the few retailers that kept its Apple contract by agreeing to adopt Apple's "store within a store" concept designed by Eight Inc. This required that approximately 15% of each CompUSA store would be set aside for Mac hardware and software (including non-Apple products) and would play host to a part-time Apple salesperson. However the "store within a store" approach did not meet expectations, in part because the Apple section was in the lowest-traffic area of CompUSA stores. CompUSA president Jim Halpin, who proclaimed that he would make Apple products his top priority, was forced to resign a year later. Also CompUSA had trouble finding well-trained staff, as most store clerks usually steered customers away from Macs and towards Windows PCs. Through these setbacks, CompUSA sales of Macs had increased. Apple then added Best Buy as a second authorized reseller.[35] Challenges still remained, as resellers' profit margins on selling Macs was only around 9%, and selling Macs was only worthwhile if ongoing service and support contracts were provided, of which retailer experiences were inconsistent.[36]

Online store
In 1997, the year Steve Jobs returned to Apple, Dell founder and CEO Michael Dell was asked how he would fix Apple. Dell responded: "I'd shut it down and give the money back to the shareholders". This angered Jobs, due to Dell's success with its online store originally built by NeXT, his former business that Apple acquired to bring Jobs back. A team of Apple and NeXT employees spent several months building an online store that would be better than Dell's. On November 10, 1997, Steve Jobs announced the online store at an Apple press event, and during his keynote speech, he said: "I guess what we want to tell you, Michael, is that with our new products and our new store and our new build-to-order manufacturing, we're coming after you, buddy."[37]

In August 2015, Apple revamped the online storefront, removing the dedicated "Store" tab and making the entire website a retail experience.[38][39]

Origins
Jobs believed the Apple retail program needed to fundamentally change the relationship to the customer, and provide more control over the presentation of Apple products and the Apple brand message. Jobs recognized the limitations of third-party retailing and began investigating options to change the model.[3]

In 1999, Jobs personally recruited Millard Drexler, former CEO of Gap Inc., to serve on Apple's board of directors.[3][40][41] In 2000, Jobs hired Ron Johnson from Target. The retail and development teams headed by Allen Moyer from The Walt Disney Company then began a series of mock-ups for the Apple Store inside a warehouse near the company's Cupertino headquarters.[3]

On May 15, 2001, Jobs hosted a press event at Apple's first store, located at the Tysons Corner Center mall in Tysons, Virginia near Washington, D.C.[42] The store officially opened on May 19, along with another store in Glendale Galleria in Glendale, California.[42][3][43] More than 7,700 people visited Apple’s first two stores in the opening weekend, spending a total of US$599,000.[44]

Expansion
Several publications and analysts predicted the failure of Apple Stores. However, the Apple retail program established its merits, bypassing the sales-per-square-foot measurement of competing nearby stores, and in 2004 reached $1 billion in annual sales, the fastest of any retailer in history. Sales continued to grow, reaching $1 billion a quarter by 2006. Then-CEO Steve Jobs said that "People haven't been willing to invest this much time and money or engineering in a store before", adding that "It's not important if the customer knows that. They just feel it. They feel something's a little different."[45] In 2011, Apple Stores in the United States had an average revenue of $473,000 for each employee.[29] According to research firm RetailSails, the Apple Store chain ranked first among U.S. retailers in terms of sales per unit area in 2011, almost doubling Tiffany, the second retailer on the list.[29] On a global level, all Apple Stores had a combined revenue of US$16 billion.[29] Under the leadership of Ron Johnson, the former senior Vice President of Retail Operations, the Apple Stores have, according to an article in The New York Times, been responsible for "[turning] the boring computer sales floor into a sleek playroom filled with gadgets".[46] The Apple Stores have also been credited with raising the company's brand equity, with Scott Galloway, Professor of Marketing at New York University Stern School of Business, stating that the Stores are the "temple to the brand which is this unbelievable experience called an Apple Store, and then you have this very mediocre experience called an AT&T or Verizon connect your phone experience for Samsung and the other Android players".[47]

Apple has since re-established ties with major big box retailers like Best Buy and Staples.[48] Authorized Apple resellers have a dedicated store-within-a-store section, offering a distinctive Apple-style experience to showcase products.[49] The relationship with Best Buy calls for the company to send Apple Solutions Consultants (ASCs) to train Best Buy employees to be familiar with Apple's product lineup.[33][50]

Changes
In May 2011, Apple replaced its paper cards and information displays that were placed next to products with interactive iPad 2 displays, called Smart Signs. The new displays added more information about the product, and let customers press a button to signal needed assistance.[51] This transition from paper to touch displays was dubbed "Apple Store 2.0" by several online blogs.[52][53]

In November 2011, Apple updated its Apple Store iOS app to let U.S. customers use an "EasyPay" feature to buy products through their iPhone. The feature, which lets users choose the specific product model they want and gives users an option for picking up the product at a nearby Apple Store with the product in stock, aims to simplify and speed up shopping. If not immediately in stock, the feature gives users an estimated pick-up time. While inside an Apple Store, customers can also scan product barcodes to find technical specifications, ratings and reviews.[54][55]

In November 2013, 9to5Mac reported that Apple would begin using an iBeacon location-based notification technology. The iBeacon functionality, inside the Apple Store iOS app, lets consumers inside Apple Stores receive useful notifications about products, pricing and features, in an attempt to improve the shopping experience.[56] Officially confirmed by the Associated Press the following month, the feature rolled out across all of Apple's retail stores in the United States.[57][58]

In May 2014, Apple Store employees started using iPhone 5S for their handheld payments portal, rather than the previous iPod Touch devices. The upgrade lets customers buy products with RFID tags, supports credit card chips and PIN entry, and offers improved support for scanning the Wallet iOS app.[59]

In August 2015, Apple Stores replaced the dedicated Smart Signs displays next to products, by having the products themselves installed with apps that run demos and product information.[60]

In early April 2016, as part of an initiative to become more environmental-friendly, Apple sent an email to employees of Apple Stores that they would begin a transition process with their shopping bags, moving away from the plastic bags that customers get when they buy products in the stores, and switching to paper bags with 80% recyclable materials, with the company expecting the transition to happen on April 15. In the email, Apple also wrote that employees should first ask the customer if they want a bag, rather than giving them one without asking.[61]

In August 2016, Apple announced that it would drop the "Store" branding when referring to individual store locations, such as changing "Apple Store, The Grove" into "Apple The Grove" and "Apple Store, Mayfair" into "Apple Mayfair". The primary areas of the change happened on Apple's website and store pages.[62][63]

In July 2017, Apple added smart home experiences to 46 of its retail stores, letting visitors use an Apple device to control smart home appliances in the stores such as light bulbs and ceiling fans, while screens offer a look inside a virtual house that the user can control, such as lowering window shades.[64][65]

Influence
Apple Stores have considerably changed the landscape for consumer electronics retailers and influenced other technological companies to follow suit. According to The Globe and Mail, "Apple’s retail stores have taken traffic, control and profits away from Verizon as well as electronics retailers, such as Best Buy, that once looked at wireless phones as a lucrative profit source".[66] CNET has reported that the "Apple retail experience hurts Best Buy" and noted "Buy a MacBook at the Apple Store and it's hard to go back to the Best Buy Windows laptop buying experience". The publication also wrote that "Apple salespeople are generally more knowledgeable, the products themselves are generally higher quality, and the stores are more appealing, aesthetically and practically."[67]

In October 2009, reports surfaced that Steve Jobs and his retail team would help "drastically overhaul" Disney Stores. His involvement was described by The New York Times as "particularly notable", given his work on the "highly successful" Apple Stores and his election to Disney's board of directors in 2006.[68][69]

In August 2009, London Evening Standard reported that Apple's first store in the United Kingdom, at Regent Street, was the most profitable shop of its size in London, with the highest sales per square foot, taking in £60 million a year, or £2,000 per square foot.[70]

Redesign
In May 2016, Apple significantly redesigned its Union Square Apple Store in downtown San Francisco, adding large glass doors for the entry, open spaces with touch-sensitive tables and shelves for product displays, and rebranded rooms for the store. "The Avenue" is the central location for hardware, as well as for receiving advice from salespersons and "Creative Pros" – individuals with specialized knowledge of music, creativity, apps and photography. The "Genius Bar" becomes the "Genius Grove", a tree-lined area for help and support. "The Forum" features a large video screen and offers game nights, sessions with experts in creative arts, and community events. "The Boardroom" lets aspiring developers and entrepreneurs learn how to use their products to their full potential. "The Plaza", while limited to select locations, offers a "park-like" space outside the store featuring free 24/7 Wi-Fi access and will host live concerts on some weekends.[71][72] Designed by Jony Ive and Angela Ahrendts, the idea was to make Apple Stores into "town squares", in which people come naturally to the store as a gathering place,[73] and to "help foster human experiences that draw people out of their digital bubbles".[74] The new design will be adopted to every store Apple has,[75] and while renovation is undergoing, stores are either relocated[76] or temporarily closed.[77] For some locations, including its flagship Fifth Avenue store in New York City, the redesign means substantial expansion of space,[78][79] requiring dismantling, and possibly reworking, of its physical properties.[80]

In April 2017, Apple announced that its "Today at Apple" educational sessions, which launched with its Union Square redesign in 2016 and offer more than 60 free hands-on sessions for creative skills, will also be expanded to all of its stores.[81][82]

In May 2017, Apple updated all classic designed stores with new Feature Bays and Avenues, providing better buying experience by adding more interactive product trying tables, drawers for iPhone cases and magnet planks for iPad cases to the accessories wall. Apple also added Forum Displays to all stores to provide better Today at Apple experience. All allows customers to try Apple or third-party products before buying just like they could do in the new design stores

Gut gegen Nordwind

Gut gegen Nordwind ist ein Roman des österreichischen Schriftstellers Daniel Glattauer.

Die moderne Version eines Briefromans über eine Internet-Liebschaft erschien 2006 im Deuticke Verlag und wurde bereits in 28 Sprachen übersetzt.[1] In Lizenzausgabe veröffentlichte der Weltbild-Verlag den Roman in Deutschland in ungekürzter Ausgabe 2007; der RM-Buch- und Medien-Vertrieb (Rheda-Wiedenbrück) gab eine weitere Lizenzausgabe im selben Jahr heraus. Als Taschenbuch erschien der Roman 2008 im Goldmann Verlag. Bis Anfang 2010 wurden fast 800.000 Exemplare verkauft.[2]

In Bühnenfassung wurde Gut gegen Nordwind in mehr als 40 Theatern gespielt, darunter in Wien und Berlin am Theater am Kurfürstendamm mit Tanja Wedhorn sowie im Theater Eisenhand des Landestheaters Linz.[3]

Die Handlung des E-Mail-Romans wird in Glattauers 2009 erschienenem E-Mail-Roman Alle sieben Wellen fortgesetzt.

Die Filmadaption des Buches kommt am 12. September 2019 in die deutschen und am 13. September 2019 in die österreichischen Kinos. Die weibliche Hauptrolle übernimmt Nora Tschirner, während Alexander Fehling die männliche Hauptrolle spielt
Inhalt
Leo Leike bekommt eines Tages eine E-Mail, die eigentlich gar nicht in seinem Postfach landen sollte. Eine gewisse Emmi Rothner erklärt darin die Kündigung ihres Zeitschriftenabonnements. Nach weiteren E-Mails macht Leo Frau Rothner darauf aufmerksam, dass sie sich beim Eintippen der E-Mail-Adresse, wie einige andere auch, vertippt habe. Emmi entschuldigt sich daraufhin, meldet sich in den folgenden Wochen aber noch diverse Male per E-Mail, da sie denselben Tippfehler immer wieder begeht. Leo teilt ihr mit, ein derartiger Tippfehler sei bei einer Person, die so gehetzt schreibe, nicht verwunderlich. Emmi möchte daraufhin wissen, wie ihr Gegenüber darauf kommt. Leo erklärt, dass er sich zurzeit beruflich mit der Sprache von E-Mails befasst, und Emmi entgegnet, dass sie hingegen Homepages gestaltet. Die beiden wissen überdies durch ihr Gespräch über das Zeitungsabonnement, dass sie in derselben Stadt wohnen.

Dieser kurze, anfänglich zufällige Wortwechsel wird der Grundstein für weitere E-Mails zwischen den beiden. Auch wenn Leo und Emmi zu Beginn private Themen wie das Familienleben oder persönliche Probleme meiden, so entwickeln beide im Laufe der Zeit Interesse füreinander, und schon bald entsteht ein vertrauensvolleres Verhältnis, in dessen Verlauf dann auch Tabuthemen wie Leos gescheiterte Beziehung oder Emmis Verhältnis zu ihrer Familie diskutiert werden. Die gegenseitige Neugier führt schließlich dazu, dass man über ein reales Treffen nachdenkt. Da Leo behauptet, Emmi aus einer Menschenmenge heraus erkennen zu können, wird nach einigem Zögern beider Seiten ein Treffen in einem Café ausgemacht, allerdings unter der Bedingung, dass man sich nicht direkt zu erkennen gibt. Beide sollen zur etwa gleichen Uhrzeit in dem Café auftauchen und versuchen, durch möglichst unauffällige Beobachtung den jeweils anderen unter all den anderen Gästen zu erkennen. Das „Treffen“ findet statt, und als beide kurz darauf wieder per Mail miteinander in Kontakt treten, stellt Emmi ernüchternd fest, dass keiner der Anwesenden wie „ihr Leo“ aussah. Vielmehr fand sie keinen davon besonders interessant, ausgenommen einen Mann, der allerdings mit einer anderen Frau im Café war. Leo hingegen glaubt, Emmi erkannt oder zumindest die Auswahl an Personen, die infrage kommen würden, einschränken zu können. Schließlich löst Leo auf, dass er tatsächlich der Mann war, den Emmi als einzige Person halbwegs interessant gefunden hat, auch wenn sie sich kaum mehr daran erinnern kann, wie er ausgesehen hat, da sie nicht weiter auf ihn geachtet hat, da sie nicht dachte, dass er in Begleitung dort wäre. Die Frau, die mit ihm im Café war, war seine Schwester, und während er mit dem Rücken zu den Anwesenden saß, hatte sie die Frauen im Café ungestört beobachten können. Daraufhin wären drei potentielle Emmis übrig geblieben, in eine davon würde sich Leo nach Aussage seiner Schwester sogar verlieben können, er lässt allerdings offen, welche gemeint ist.

Im weiteren Verlauf der Konversation stoßen Emmi und Leo immer wieder auf Themen, die beiden unangenehm sind. So zieht Emmi es vor, nicht über ihren Mann oder dessen Kinder, die er mit in die Ehe gebracht hat, zu reden, während Leo immer wieder andeutet, dass Emmi seiner Meinung nach in dieser Beziehung nicht glücklich ist. Als Leo eines Abends im alkoholisierten Zustand eine E-Mail an Emmi schreibt, werden die Gefühle deutlich, die er für sie hegt und welche über das freundschaftliche Maß hinausgehen. Gleichzeitig sträubt sich Leo gegen eine solche Vorstellung, da er einerseits Zuneigung für Emmi empfindet, andererseits diese in einer festen Beziehung weiß. Schließlich nimmt seine Sehnsucht überhand, und er bittet Emmi noch in derselben Nacht, zu ihm zu kommen, um das zu tun, „was sich ergibt“. Emmi lehnt jedoch freundlich, aber entschieden ab.

Wenig später wird das Vertrauen, das Emmi und Leo mittlerweile aufgebaut haben, stark erschüttert: Emmi hat sich mit einer Freundin über Leo unterhalten, und diese hat angedeutet, dass Emmi womöglich nur ein Versuchskaninchen für Leo sein könnte, da sich dieser nach eigener Aussage beruflich mit der Übertragung von Emotionen per Mail beschäftigt. In ihrer Angst, diese Behauptung könnte zutreffen, konfrontiert Emmi Leo mit ihrer Befürchtung. Als sich dieser tagelang nicht meldet, sieht Emmi das als Bestätigung ihrer Vermutung an und äußert sich sehr enttäuscht über Leo. Dieser meldet sich jedoch wenig später aus dem Urlaub zurück, den er mit Marlene, seiner Ex-Freundin, verbracht hat. Er berichtet Emmi, dass ihm wieder einmal klar geworden ist, dass es mit Marlene nicht funktioniert. Emmi bietet Leo daraufhin an, ihn mit einer ihrer Freundinnen zu verkuppeln. Nach anfänglichem Zögern willigt dieser ein. Es kommt zu einem Treffen zwischen Leo und Emmis Freundin Mia. Anders als erwartet erzählen beide Emmi wenig bis überhaupt nichts über ihre Begegnung und den weiteren Verlauf ihrer Beziehung. Als Emmi immer penetranter wissen möchte, was zwischen Mia und Leo läuft, räumt Leo ein, mit Mia geschlafen zu haben, allerdings weniger aus Liebe oder Zuneigung, sondern aus Trotz gegenüber Emmi. Diese habe die beiden nicht aus Freundlichkeit oder gutem Willen verkuppelt, sondern um durch Mia auf eine indirekte Weise Leo nahe zu sein. Leo erklärt, er könne mit Mia keine Beziehung führen, da dies durch die falschen Absichten von Emmi von vorneherein nicht möglich gewesen sei.

Dennoch werden die Gefühle, die beide füreinander empfinden, im Laufe der Zeit immer stärker. Emmi erzählt Leo, dass ihr der Nordwind zu schaffen macht, weil sie durch ihn schlechter einschlafen kann, dass es mit einem Leo in ihrem Postfach allerdings viel einfacher sei. Beide deuten immer wieder an, erotische Fantasien voneinander zu haben.

Dieses allmähliche Näherkommen wird durch eine Mail von Bernhard Rothner, Emmis Ehemann, unterbrochen, der diese an Leo richtet. Herr Rothner teilt Leo mit, er habe in den letzten Monaten Veränderungen an Emmi wahrgenommen und schließlich einen Ordner gefunden, in dem Emmi ihren gesamten Mailverkehr mit Leo fein säuberlich ausgedruckt aufbewahre. In einem Anflug von Selbstgeißelung, da er die Ungewissheit nicht mehr länger ertragen konnte, habe er all dies heimlich kopiert, später gelesen und sei nun über alles im Bilde. Da Leo jedoch, zu seiner großen Enttäuschung, keine physische Form in Emmis Leben angenommen habe, könne er ihn folglich auch nicht als direkten Konkurrenten betrachten, gegen den er antreten könne. So macht Herr Rothner Leo ein ungewöhnliches Angebot: Er bittet ihn darum, Emmi ein einziges Mal zu treffen, ganz gleich, welche Konsequenzen dies haben wird. Er gibt Leo sogar die Erlaubnis, mit seiner Frau zu schlafen, nur damit der Spuk dann endlich vorbei wäre und Leo aus dem Leben der Familie Rothner verschwinden kann. Leo erbittet sich Bedenkzeit und fordert Emmis Ehemann auf, ihm weder weitere E-Mails zu schreiben noch die zwischen Emmi und ihm zu lesen. Im Gegenzug willigt Leo ein, Emmi nichts von Herrn Rothners Mitwisserschaft zu erzählen.

Emmi, die inzwischen von Leos Stimme schwärmt, die beide über den Anrufbeantworter ausgetauscht haben, ahnt nichts von alledem, bemerkt aber die Veränderung in Leos Verhalten ihr gegenüber. Sie fragt ihn, was los ist, aber er hüllt sich in Schweigen. Erst nach ein paar Tagen teilt Leo Emmi mit, dass er vorhat, für längere Zeit nach Boston zu ziehen, um dort an einem Projekt zu arbeiten. Diese Umsiedelung solle für ihn einen Neuanfang markieren, weshalb er damit gleichzeitig den Kontakt zu Emmi beenden werde. Er schlägt Emmi außerdem vor, sich ein einziges Mal mit ihm zu treffen. Diese kann nicht fassen, dass Leo sich dazu entschlossen hat, nach Boston zu ziehen und den Kontakt zu ihr einzustellen. Dem Angebot, sich zu treffen, steht sie ebenfalls misstrauisch gegenüber. Da Leo nur beste Absichten beschwört, ist sie schließlich einverstanden. Am folgenden Abend soll Emmi zu ihm nach Hause kommen, beide machen mehr als deutlich, dass es höchstwahrscheinlich zu mehr kommen wird als nur einem freundschaftlichen Aufeinandertreffen.

Am Tag danach schreibt Emmi Leo eine E-Mail, in der sie ihm erklärt, warum sie dem Treffen in letzter Minute ferngeblieben ist, ohne sich abzumelden. Kurz vor ihrem Aufbruch habe ihr Mann sie mit den Worten „Amüsiere dich gut, Emmi“ verabschiedet. Ihr Mann nenne sie schon seit Jahren nicht mehr Emmi, sondern Emma. Der Schock über diese Anrede habe sie so desillusioniert, sie so aus der Fassung gebracht, dass sie Angst vor sich selbst bekommen habe und nicht zu dem Treffen gekommen sei, ohne die richtigen Worte zu finden, um Leo Bescheid zu geben. Als Antwort erhält sie nur eine automatisch generierte Mail des Systemmanagers, die ihr mitteilt, dass der Benutzer seine Mailadresse geändert hat und Nachrichten, die auf dieser Adresse eingehen, sofort gelöscht werden.

Rezensionen
Oliver Jungen überschrieb seine Rezension in der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung vom 7. November 2006 mit dem Titel Ach, wenn Ihr Kabel nicht wär' - Oberflächenpolitur: Daniel Glattauer flirtet per E-Mail. Der Roman sei zwar „schnell, lustig, tendenziell undurchdacht und vor allem intim“, mithin kurzweilig; auch liege der Liebesgeschichte eine Art „Zauber“ zu Grunde, jedoch erhielten die Figuren lediglich „gewisse Konturen, aber keinerlei Tiefe“. Jungen bescheinigt Glattauers Werk eine „Oberflächenverliebtheit“, die symptomatisch sei für eine „grassierende Dokumentation des Alltäglichen“. Der Rezensent erkennt inhaltliche Redundanzen und Unwahrscheinlichkeiten; es zeuge von „selbstreferentieller Einfallslosigkeit, Leo ausgerechnet das Profil ‚Kommunikationsberater und Uni-Assistent für Sprachpsychologie‘ zu verpassen“, was überdies im Verlauf des Werkes nicht wieder aufgegriffen werde. Der Erzählung fehle etwas Besonderes, etwa der „voyeuristische Aspekt“ der Vorlage Vox von Nicholson Baker; Erwartungen auf einen „gigantischen Betrug, auf angemaßte Identitäten und geschlechtsverwirrende Cyberpunks“ würden „bitter enttäuscht“. Schließlich sähen „Millionen von Posteingangsfächern ganz ähnlich aus“. Für Jungen stelle Gut gegen Nordwind nicht mehr als eine Einschlaflektüre dar.[6]

Andreas Isenschmids Rezension in der Neuen Zürcher Zeitung vom 17. Dezember 2006 fällt deutlich positiver aus. Der Roman biete „Romantik pur“, die Geschichte sei „formal schlackenlos und pfiffig“ erzählt. Während Bakers Vox sich mit den sexuellen Phantasien seiner Figuren beschäftige, wolle Glattauer mit Gut gegen Nordwind „höher hinaus“, indem er versucht, von einer romantischen Liebe zu erzählen und den „seelischen Bedürfnissen“ unserer heutigen - wenn auch „ausgenüchterten“ - Zeiten gerecht zu werden. Glattauer verstehe es, die „Unwahrscheinlichkeit der Erzählidee“, nämlich das Kennen- und Liebenlernen durch das Initial eines einfachen Tippfehlers in einer E-Mail-Adresse, als das „Natürlichste der Welt durchzuzaubern“. Dem Autor gelinge es, den Dialog zwischen den beiden Figuren „dramaturgisch raffiniert und psychologisch hoch plausibel“ zu gestalten. Der Roman stelle eine „minimalistische, fast stofffreie und doch jeden Augenblick quicklebendige Liebesgeschichte“ dar; der „leichte Witz“ seiner Protagonisten sei „der Witz zweier Liebender, die wissen, dass es zu den dauerhaften Belebungen der Liebe gehört, sich am Geist des anderen zu erfreuen“, was die Lektüre zu einem „ungetrübten Vergnügen“ mache.[7]

Auszeichnungen
Der Roman wurde 2006 für den Deutschen Buchpreis nominiert.
2007 erhielt der Roman den österreichischen Literaturpreis Buchliebling in der Kategorie Literatur, Romane, Belletristik.
Hörbuch
Das Buch wurde 2007 als Hörbuch vertont. Die Sprecher waren das Paar Andrea Sawatzki (Emmi Rothner) und Christian Berkel (Leo Leike). Der Tonträger erschien bei Hörbuch Hamburg.

Literatur
Daniel Glattauer: Gut gegen Nordwind. Deuticke, Wien 2006, ISBN 978-3-552-06129-3

Tom Cruise

Thomas Cruise[1] (born Thomas Cruise Mapother IV; July 3, 1962) is an American actor and film producer. He has received several accolades for his work, including three Golden Globe Awards and nominations for three Academy Awards. Cruise is one of the best-paid actors in the world,[2] and his films have grossed over $4 billion in North America and over $10.1 billion worldwide,[3] making him one of the highest-grossing box-office stars of all time.[4]

Cruise began acting in the early 1980s and made his breakthrough with leading roles in the comedy Risky Business (1983) and the action drama Top Gun (1986). Critical acclaim came with his roles in the dramas The Color of Money (1986), Rain Man (1988), and Born on the Fourth of July (1989). For portraying Ron Kovic in the latter, he won a Golden Globe Award and received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. As a leading Hollywood star in the 1990s, Cruise starred in several commercially successful films, including the drama A Few Good Men (1992), the thriller The Firm (1993), the horror film Interview with the Vampire (1994), and the romance Jerry Maguire (1996), for which he won another Golden Globe and received his second Oscar nomination. His performance as a motivational speaker in the 1999 drama Magnolia earned him a third Golden Globe and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. As an action star, Cruise has played Ethan Hunt in six films of the Mission: Impossible film series from 1996 to 2018. He also continued to feature in several science fiction and action films, including Vanilla Sky (2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Knight and Day (2010), Jack Reacher (2012), Oblivion (2013), and Edge of Tomorrow (2014).

Cruise has been married to actresses Mimi Rogers, Nicole Kidman, and Katie Holmes. He has three children, two of whom were adopted during his marriage to Kidman and the other of whom is a biological daughter he had with Holmes. Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs, and credits it with helping him overcome dyslexia. In the 2000s, he sparked controversy with his Church-affiliated criticisms of psychiatry and anti-depressant drugs, his efforts to promote Scientology as a religion in Europe, and a leaked video interview of him promoting Scientology.
Early life
Cruise was born in Syracuse, New York, the son of Mary Lee (née Pfeiffer) (1936–2017), a special education teacher, and Thomas Cruise Mapother III (1934–1984),[5] an electrical engineer, both originally from Louisville, Kentucky.[6][7] He has three sisters: Lee Anne, Marian, and Cass. They are of English, German, and Irish ancestry.[8][9] One of Cruise's ancestors, Patrick Russell Cruise, was born in north County Dublin in 1799; he married Teresa Johnson in County Meath, in 1825. They left Ireland for the United States that same year and settled in New York.[8] They had a daughter, Mary Paulina Russell Cruise, whose son Thomas Cruise Mapother was Cruise's great-grandfather.[10][11][12][13] A cousin, William Mapother, is also an actor; he and Cruise have appeared in five films together.[14]

Cruise grew up in near poverty and had a Catholic upbringing. Cruise described his father as "a merchant of chaos",[15] a "bully", and a "coward" who inflicted beatings upon him. Regarding his father, Cruise once said, "He was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a great lesson in my life—how he'd lull you in, make you feel safe and then, bang! For me, it was like, 'There's something wrong with this guy. Don't trust him. Be careful around him.'"[15]

Cruise spent part of his childhood in Canada. His family moved to Beacon Hill, Ottawa in late 1971 so that Cruise's father could take a position as a defense consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces.[16] There, Cruise attended the newly opened Robert Hopkins Public School for much of grade four and grade five.[16][17] In grade four, Cruise first became involved in drama, under the tutelage of George Steinburg. Cruise and six other boys put on an improvised play to music called IT at the Carleton Elementary School drama festival.[16] Drama organizer Val Wright, who was in the audience that night, reflected, "The movement and improvisation were excellent. It was a classic ensemble piece."[16]

In sixth grade, Cruise went to Henry Munro Middle School in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. However, in the spring of that year, Cruise's mother left his father, taking Cruise and his sisters back to the United States;[16] in 1978, she married Jack South.[18] Cruise's father died of cancer in 1984.[19] Cruise briefly attended a Franciscan seminary in Cincinnati, Ohio on a church scholarship and aspired to become a Catholic priest before he became interested in acting.[20]:24–26 In total, Cruise attended 15 schools in 14 years.[21] In his senior year of high school, he played football for the varsity team as a linebacker, but was cut from the squad after getting caught drinking beer before a game.[20]:47 Also in his senior year, Cruise starred in his high school's production of Guys and Dolls.[22] He graduated from Glen Ridge High School in Glen Ridge, New Jersey in 1980.[23]

Career
Acting
At age 18,[24] with the blessing of his mother and stepfather, Cruise moved to New York City to pursue an acting career.[22] After working as a bus-boy in New York, Cruise went to Los Angeles to try out for television roles. He signed with CAA (Creative Artists Agency) and began acting in films.[24]

Cruise first appeared in a bit part in the 1981 film Endless Love, followed by a major supporting role as a crazed military academy student in Taps later that year. In 1983, Cruise was part of the ensemble cast of The Outsiders. That same year he appeared in All the Right Moves and Risky Business, which has been described as "A Generation X classic, and a career-maker for Tom Cruise",[25] and which, along with 1986's Top Gun, cemented his status as a superstar.[26] Cruise also played the male lead in the Ridley Scott film Legend, released in 1985
Cruise followed up Top Gun with The Color of Money, which came out the same year, and which paired him with Paul Newman. 1988 saw him star in Cocktail, which earned him a nomination for the Razzie Award for Worst Actor. Later that year he starred with Dustin Hoffman in Rain Man, which won the Academy Award for Best Film and Cruise the Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor. Cruise portrayed real-life paralyzed Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic in 1989's Born on the Fourth of July, which earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor, the People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Actor, a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, and Cruise's first Best Actor Academy Award nomination.

Cruise's next films were Days of Thunder (1990) and Far and Away (1992), both of which co-starred then-wife Nicole Kidman as his love interest. In 1994, Cruise starred along with Brad Pitt, Antonio Banderas and Christian Slater in Neil Jordan's Interview with the Vampire, a gothic drama/horror film that was based on Anne Rice's best-selling novel. The film was well received, although Rice was initially quite outspoken in her criticism of Cruise having been cast in the film, as Julian Sands was her first choice. Upon seeing the film however, she paid $7,740 for a two-page ad in Daily Variety praising his performance and apologizing for her previous doubts about him.[28]

In 1996, Cruise appeared as superspy Ethan Hunt in the reboot of Mission: Impossible, which he produced. It was a box office success, although it received criticism regarding the Jim Phelps character being a villain despite being a protagonist of the original television series.[29]

In 1996, he took on the title role in Jerry Maguire, for which he earned a Golden Globe and his second nomination for an Academy Award. In 1999, Cruise costarred with Kidman in the erotic Stanley Kubrick film Eyes Wide Shut, and took a rare supporting role, as a motivational speaker, Frank T.J. Mackey, in Magnolia, for which he received another Golden Globe and nomination for an Academy Award.

Schwesta Ewa

Schwesta Ewa is the stage name of Ewa Malanda (born 16 July 1984), a rapper in the Frankfurt music scene. Ewa's family were stranded in Germany while en route to the United States when she was a child.[1] She currently lives in Frankfurt, where she originally moved in order to work as a prostitute.[1] While working, she met the rapper Xatar, who signed her to his record label, and her first album, Kurwa, reached number 11 on the German album chart.[2] On 16 November 2016 she was arrested and charged with the sex trafficking and forced prostitution of five of her fans, some of whom were underage
Ewa Müller was born 16 July 1984 in Koszalin, Poland to a Polish Jewish and Moslem family.[5] Her father was arrested and imprisoned on the charge of murder while Ewa's mother was pregnant, and so Ewa spent the first three years of her life in hiding – her mother feared that the family of the victim would attack her in revenge.[1]

When Ewa was three years old, her mother left Poland and headed for West Berlin, with the aim of seeking asylum in the United States. Her mother was approved for a Green Card but was then convicted of theft.[1] The Green Card was withdrawn, leaving the family stranded in Germany.[1] Ewa grew up in a refugee home, and later a women's shelter, in Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, at the time in West Germany.[1][2] Her mother married a German man, and Ewa took her stepfather's surname, Müller.[1] Ewa has two brothers born in Germany, who know that she worked as a prostitute.[5] Ewa's mother does not know about her career, and she is no longer in contact with her birth father.[5]

At the age of sixteen, Ewa began working as a bartender at a bar in Kiel's red light district, while studying at a Realschule (the middle rank of high school in the German school system) to become an occupational therapist, but failed the Realschulabschluss exam, which Ewa subsequently attributed to smoking cannabis.[1]

Ewa began sex work at the brothel in the back of the bar. She then moved to Bonn, and then on to Frankfurt's Bahnhofsviertel red light district. Her alias there was "Anja", for which she adopted a false Polish accent.[6] There, she was able to earn €20–30 thousand a month as a prostitute, but also became addicted to crack cocaine.[1] Suffering under its effects, her looks deteriorated and her earnings began to decrease, until she was forced to give up cold turkey.[6]

Music career
Her breakthrough came at a party in Bonn, where she met the rapper and record label boss Xatar. Xatar was impressed by her voice and became her friend. He later signed her and became her mentor, sending her to London to practice her rapping.[1]

In December 2009, Xatar and seven accomplices robbed €1.7 million of gold from a transporter lorry. Xatar fled to Iraq, where he was caught and arrested in February 2010.[7][8] Xatar's flight and subsequent arrest impacted Ewa's career – she found herself "twiddling her thumbs", unable to share her tracks with him. However, she also decided that she would not go back to prostitution – her promotion as a rapper meant that she was now famous, and she was worried about returning to drugs.[1] She has described rap as a form of music therapy, helping her work through her past.[2]

With Xatar running his record label from prison, Schwesta Ewa eventually managed to appear on the song "Beifall" from Xatar's album 415 and on "Frauen" on Hinterhofjargon by Celo & Abdi [de]. Her first mixtape, Realität ("Reality") was released on 5 October 2012.[9] No tracks from Realität charted, but her first music video, "Schwätza" ("Small Talker") received over six million views on YouTube.[2] After the release of the "Schwätza" video in 2011, Ewa gave up prostitution to become a full-time artist.[10]

Her debut album, Kurwa (from the Polish kurwa, both a slang term for "whore" and a general-purpose expletive;[2] formerly Dr. Entjungferung ("Dr. Deflowering", with "Dr" also standing for "Deutschrap")[1]) was released in January 2015 and reached number 11 in the German album charts.[11]

Lyrical content
Many of Schwesta Ewa's songs cover scenes from her life as a prostitute, and she describes herself as a storytelling rapper; topics include being attacked by johns, and being forced to watch the rape of a friend.[2]

Ewa has described herself as uncomfortable on stage and sometimes suffers stage fright. She therefore prefers to rap straight through, without banter or comic routines. However, she is accompanied on tour by strip dancers who perform as she sings.[1]

Bar and arrest
Alongside her rap career, Schwesta Ewa opened a bar in Central Frankfurt, Stoltze. The bar was raided by police on suspicion that it was an illegal brothel, prompting an angry response from Ewa who wrote on Facebook "This is a bar, not a brothel! [...] I will open a legal brothel in two months. It will pay taxes etc. Don't worry!"[12]

At 8:30 AM on 16 November 2016, Ewa was arrested by a SEK police tactical unit in Oeventrop, a district of Arnsberg, North Rhine-Westphalia where she was recording her new album.[13] She was detained at JVA Frankfurt-Preungesheim [de] on charges of human trafficking for sexual exploitation, pimping, bodily harm and offenses against the German tax code.[3] Ewa had been under investigation by the organised crime department of Frankfurt Police for several months, and was alleged to have brought young female fans, between the ages of 17 and 19, to a hotel room and offered to lend them money for costs such as rent, clothing, cosmetics and petrol, then forced them into prostitution to repay this debt.[4] Following the arrest, Ewa's record label released a statement that her surname had been changed to Malanda.[14] On 20 June 2017, Malanda was found guilty of 35 counts of bodily harm, tax violations and the abuse of minors, and was sentenced to 2 years and 6 months. She was cleared of pimping and human trafficking, on the grounds that the girls had become prostitutes of their own free will. Malanda intends to appeal