الأربعاء، 11 سبتمبر 2019

Mbappe

Kylian Mbappé Lottin (French pronunciation: ​[kiljan (ɛ)mbape lɔtɛ̃]; born 20 December 1998) is a French professional footballer who plays as a forward for Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and the France national team. Considered one of the best players in the world, he is known for his finishing, dribbling, and speed. He is considered the world's most expensive player from a transfer value perspective by the CIES.[4][5][6][7]

Born and raised in Paris, Mbappé started his senior career playing for Ligue 1 club Monaco, where he made his professional debut in 2015, aged 16. With the Monegasque side, he starred as a goalscorer and helped the team win the league title in his first full season, winning Ligue 1 Young Player of the Year and the Golden Boy awards in the process.

Mbappé's performances then attracted fellow French side Paris Saint-Germain, and he was the subject of the second most expensive association football transfer, as well as the most ever for a teenager, when he moved to the club in a transfer worth €180 million in 2018.[a] In the French capital, Mbappé helped the club capture two league titles, a Coupe de France title, and a Coupe de la Ligue title, which included a domestic treble in his debut season. By age 19, he also garnered his first The Best FIFA Men's Player and Ballon d'Or nominations, and won the inaugural Kopa Trophy award. In his second season at PSG, he finished as the Top Goalscorer in Ligue 1 and was named Player of the Year.

At international level, Mbappé made his senior debut for France in 2017, at age 18. At the 2018 FIFA World Cup, Mbappé became the youngest French player to score at a World Cup,[9] and became the second teenager, after Pelé, to score in a World Cup Final. He finished as the joint second-highest goalscorer as France won the tournament, and received the Best Young Player and French Player of the Year awards for his performances.
Early life
Mbappé was born in Paris, France.[3] His father, Wilfried Mbappé, is from Cameroon, and, as well as being his agent, is a football coach, while his mother, Fayza Lamari, is of Algerian origin and is a former handball player.[12][13] He has a younger brother, Ethan Mbappé, who plays for PSG under-12s.[14][15] His adoptive brother, Jirès Kembo Ekoko, is also a professional football player.[16] Growing up, his idol was Cristiano Ronaldo, a player he looked to emulate.[17][18]

Club career
Early career
Mbappé began his career at AS Bondy, coached by his father, Wilfried. Another of his youth coaches at AS Bondy, Antonio Riccardi, stated,

The first time I coached him was when he was six years old. You could tell he was different. Kylian could do much more than the other children. His dribbling was already fantastic and he was much faster than the others. He was the best player I've ever seen in 15 years coaching here. In Paris, there are many talents but I'd never seen a talent like him. He was what we call a 'crack' (the best).[19]

Eventually, he moved to the Clairefontaine academy, putting on a host of impressive performances leading to numerous French clubs, and Real Madrid, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester City and Bayern Munich, attempting to sign him.[13] Mbappé travelled to London for a trial with Chelsea when he was 11, playing a match for their youth team against Charlton Athletic.[20] He ultimately settled on Monaco.[21]

Monaco
2015–16: Development
Mbappé made his first team debut on 2 December 2015 in a 1–1 Ligue 1 home draw against SM Caen, replacing Fábio Coentrão after 88 minutes. He therefore became Monaco's youngest-ever first-team player aged 16 years 347 days and breaking Thierry Henry's record set 21 years previously.[21][22]

On 20 February 2016, Mbappé scored his first goal for the club's first team, a stoppage-time goal in a home Ligue 1 3–1 win over Troyes; at the age of 17 years and 62 days, he became the youngest first team goalscorer in Monaco's history—once again displacing Henry in the process.[23][24] On 6 March 2016, Mbappé signed his first professional contract, a three-year deal, tying him to Monaco until June 2019.[25] In an interview with CNN, Vadim Vasilyev, AS Monaco's vice-president, who played a key role in Mbappé signing his first professional contract with the Ligue 1 club, stated that he knew early on that Mbappé was a "phenomenon."[26]

2016–17: Breakthrough and league title
Mbappé scored the first hat-trick of his first team career on 14 December 2016 in the 7–0 rout of Stade Rennais in the Coupe de la Ligue round of 16 at the Stade Louis II[22][27] – the first hat-trick scored by any Monaco player in the competition since Sonny Anderson in 1997.[28]

On 11 February 2017, Mbappé scored the first Ligue 1 hat-trick of his career in the 5–0 home win over Metz; at 18 years and two months he became the youngest player to score a Ligue 1 hat-trick since Jérémy Ménez did it for FC Sochaux-Montbéliard back in 2005.[29]

On 21 February, Mbappé scored Monaco's second goal in the 40th minute with a half-volley after receiving Fabinho's long ball over the opponents' back line (it was his first ever UEFA Europa League or UEFA Champions League goal and he became the second youngest French scorer in UEFA Champions League history behind Karim Benzema) in the UEFA Champions League round of 16 first leg match against Manchester City, which Monaco lost 5–3.[30][31] On 5 March, Mbappé scored two first-half goals in the 4–0 Ligue 1 home win over FC Nantes to bring his Ligue 1 career tally to ten goals and become the youngest player in the last 30 years to hit the Ligue 1/Division 1 ten-career-goals mark. His brace against Nantes on 5 March brought up his 2016–2017 season tally to nine Ligue 1 goals and five Ligue 1 assists in just 822 minutes of Ligue 1 football.[32][33] On 11 March, he scored a goal in the 2–1 Ligue 1 home win against FC Girondins de Bordeaux to register his seventh Ligue 1 goal in his last four starts.[34]

In the UEFA Champions League round of 16-second leg match at the Stade Louis II on 15 March, he made the score 1–0 for Monaco in the 8th minute by turning home Bernardo Silva's low cross from close-range (his 11th goal in his past 11 matches in all competitions) to help Monaco beat Manchester City 3–1 (aggregate score 6–6) and advance to the quarter-finals on the away goals rule.[35] In the quarter-finals against Borussia Dortmund, Mbappé won a penalty and scored two goals as Monaco won the away leg 3–2.[36] In the second leg, Mbappé opened the scoring as Monaco won 3–1 and advanced to the semi-finals.[37] Monaco were eliminated from the Champions League 4–1 on aggregate by Juventus, with Mbappé scoring Monaco's lone goal in the second leg.[38] Mbappé ended the 2016–17 season with 26 goals from 44 matches in all competitions as Monaco won the Ligue 1 title.[39]
On 31 August 2017, Paris Saint-Germain announced the signing of Mbappé from Monaco on loan.[41] The fee required for a subsequent full transfer was set at a rumoured €145 million plus €35 million in add-ons, making him the most expensive teenager ever, the most expensive transfer ever within a domestic league, and potentially the second most expensive player ever, behind teammate Neymar.[42][43][44][45] He was handed the number 29 shirt upon arrival in the French capital.[40]

He scored on his debut on 8 September in a 5–1 Ligue 1 win at Metz, in which Benoît Assou-Ekotto was sent off for fouling him.[46] Four days later, Mbappé recorded his first European goal for Les Parisiens in a 5–0 UEFA Champions League group stage away defeat of Celtic.[47] He starred in PSG's 3–0 victory over Bayern Munich in the second group game of the Champions League, setting up goals for Edinson Cavani and Neymar, the latter seeing him taking out a defender with a feint by rolling the ball under his foot.[48] On 6 December, Mbappé scored his 10th Champions League goal in a 3–1 defeat to Bayern Munich and became the youngest player to reach that mark at the age of 18 years and 11 months.[49] Having won his first league title with the club, on 8 May 2018, Mbappé played as PSG won 2–0 against Les Herbiers VF to clinch the 2017–18 Coupe de France.[50]

In July 2018, Mbappé was given the number 7 jersey for the upcoming season with PSG, taking up the squad number vacated by Lucas Moura.[51] Sporting the hashtag #K7LIAN, Mbappé stated, "I keep trying to progress on the pitch and I think that, for me, it was the right time to change number. It is something of an affirmation. The No. 7 shirt is a legendary one and many greats have worn it. I hope that I will be able to do this number justice on the pitch."[51]

In his first appearance of the season, Mbappé scored twice in the last 10 minutes as PSG won 3–1 against Guingamp in Ligue 1.[52] In the following league game, the front three of Mbappé, Cavani and Neymar all scored in a 3–1 win over Angers at home, with Mbappé – starting his first game of the season – scoring from a volley and setting up Neymar to score the third.[53] On 1 September, he scored and assisted in a 4–2 away win over Nîmes, but was sent off for the first time in his career with a straight red card in injury time, after shoving Téji Savanier in retaliation for a late challenge from behind, for which Savanier was also sent off.[54] Regarding his sending-off, Mbappé told reporters after the match, "If I had the chance to do it over again, I would do the same thing. I will apologise to the supporters and everybody, but I cannot tolerate this sort of thing."[55] On 8 October, Mbappé scored four goals in just 13 minutes in a 5–0 home victory over Lyon and became the youngest player (19 years and 9 months) to score four goals in one game in Ligue 1 over the last 45 seasons.[56] On 3 December, Mbappé was the inaugural winner of the Kopa Trophy, which is awarded by France Football to the best player in the world under the age of 21.[57]

On 19 January 2019, Mbappé was one of two players (the other being Cavani) to score a hat-trick in a 9–0 win over Guingamp, breaking a record PSG set the previous season.[58] On 2 March, he scored twice in a 2–1 away win over Caen; his second goal of the match, which came from a penalty, was his 50th for the club.[59] On 12 March 2019, he scored the 2nd goal in a 0–4 away win against Dijon FCO in Ligue 1.[60] PSG finished the season as Ligue 1 champions,[61] with Mbappé winning the Player of the Year award,[62] while also finishing the season as the top goalscorer with 33 goals.[61]

International career
Mbappé capped a fine debut senior season at Monaco by scoring five times for France as they won the 2016 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, the striker almost single-handedly securing their spot in the final with a sparkling performance in their 3–1 victory against Portugal in the semi-finals.[21]

Mbappé was called up to the senior France squad for the first time to face Luxembourg and Spain in March 2017.[63] He made his debut on 25 March 2017 against the former, coming on for Dimitri Payet in the 78th minute of a 3–1 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification away win.[22] In doing so, he became the second youngest player (only behind Maryan Wisnieski) to ever feature for France at 18 years, three months and five days old.[64] On 31 August 2017, Mbappé scored his first senior international goal in a 2018 World Cup qualification match against the Netherlands.[65] He scored twice against Russia in a friendly in March 2018
On 17 May 2018, Mbappé was called up to the France squad for the 2018 World Cup in Russia.[67] On 21 June 2018, he scored his first World Cup goal in France's 1–0 Group C win over Peru. This made him the youngest French goalscorer in World Cup history at age 19.[9] On 30 June 2018, he was named man of the match in a 4–3 win over Argentina, scoring twice and suffering a foul in the box which resulted in Antoine Griezmann opening the score from a penalty kick.[68] Mbappé was the second teenager to score two goals in a World Cup match after Pelé in 1958.[69] In a post-match press conference, Mbappé stated: "It's flattering to be the second one after Pelé but let's put things into context – Pelé is in another category."[10]

On 15 July, Mbappé scored with a 25-yard strike against Croatia in the 2018 World Cup Final, with France winning 4–2.[70] He became the second teenager, after Pelé, to score in a World Cup Final, and with four goals in the tournament he received the FIFA World Cup Best Young Player Award.[11] Pelé congratulated him on social media, and stated "welcome to the club"

Evan Fournier

Evan Mehdi Fournier (born 29 October 1992)[1] is a French professional basketball player for the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played junior basketball at the French INSEP academy from 2007 to 2009
Early life
Fournier was born on 29 October 1992, in Saint-Maurice, a small suburb outside of Paris. He became interested in basketball in 2002, thanks to the 2001–02 Sacramento Kings team that was defeated in the Conference Finals by the Los Angeles Lakers. Fournier wears the number 10 on his jersey in honor of then-Sacramento King, Mike Bibby.[3]

Professional career
France (2009–2012)
In September 2009, Fournier signed a one-year deal with JSF Nanterre of the LNB Pro B. In June 2010, he signed a two-year deal Poitiers Basket 86 of the LNB Pro A.[4]

Denver Nuggets (2012–2014)
On 28 June 2012, Fournier was selected with the 20th overall pick by the Denver Nuggets in the 2012 NBA draft.[5] On 11 July 2012, he signed his rookie scale contract with the Nuggets.[6] He then joined the Nuggets for the 2012 NBA Summer League. Over the Nuggets' first 73 games of the 2012–13 season, Fournier had appeared in just 29 of them and while registering 10 points or more just once. He appeared in nine straight games to finish the regular season, including starting the final three. During this late-season stretch, he averaged 12.3 points and scored 17 points or more four games, including a season-best 24 points on 14 April 2013.[7]

In July 2013, Fournier re-joined the Nuggets for the 2013 NBA Summer League.[8] On 30 October 2013, the Nuggets exercised their third-year team option on Fournier's rookie scale contract, extending the contract through the 2014–15 season.[9] On 23 February 2014, Fournier scored a then career-high 27 points against the Sacramento Kings.[10]

Orlando Magic (2014–present)
On 26 June 2014, Fournier was traded, along with the draft rights to Devyn Marble, to the Orlando Magic in exchange for Arron Afflalo.[11] On 26 October 2013, the Magic exercised their fourth-year team option on Fournier's rookie scale contract, extending the contract through the 2015–16 season.[12] On 12 November 2014, Fournier scored a then career-high 28 points on 8-of-14 shooting in a 97–95 win over the New York Knicks.[13]

On 3 November 2015, Fournier set a new career high with 30 points in a 103–94 win over the New Orleans Pelicans.[14] On 15 March 2016, Fournier matched his career high with a 30-point effort against the Denver Nuggets.[15] In 2015–16, Fournier had a career year in which he averaged personal highs in scoring (15.4 ppg), rebounding (2.8 rpg), assists (2.7 apg), steals (1.2 spg) and minutes (32.5 mpg). He led the team in scoring 19 times, had 24 20-point games and two 30-point games.[16]

On 7 July 2016, Fournier re-signed with the Magic on a five-year, $85 million contract.[17][18] On 3 November 2016, he scored a season-high 29 points against the Sacramento Kings.[19]

On 16 January 2018, Fournier scored a career-high 28 points plus 4 in a 108–102 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves.[20] On 7 March 2018 against the Los Angeles Lakers, Fournier sprained his left medial collateral ligament.[21] He was subsequently ruled out for "a

كامبار

كامبار (بالفرنسية: Quimper) و (باللغة البريتانية المحلية: Kemper)، مدينة و بلدية تقع في الشمال الغربي لفرنسا بمنطقة بريتاني و هي عاصمة إقليم الفنستير و العاصمة التقليدية لبلاد كورنواي. هي المدينة الفرنسية ال79 من حيث السكان، و الثالثة بمنطقة بريتاني بعد بريست و رين. و يقطع المدينة أربعة أنهار: أودي، ستير، فروت و جات. المدينة مصنفة ضمن مدن الفن و التاريخ، كما حصلت على جائزة أربعة أزهار في مسابقة المدن و القرى التي تكسوها الأزهار و جائزة أربعة @ في مسابقة مدن الأنترنت. و هناك أيضا دراستين نشرتا سنة 2012 تبينان أن مدينة كامبار تحتل المرتبة 13 من حيث المدن الأقل فقرا بفرنسا و المرتبة الثالثة من حيث المدن الأنسب للإبتكار
التسمية و موقع البلدية
التسمية
سيفيطاس أكيلونيا (بالفرنسية: Civitas Aquilonia)، هي كلمة لاتينية معناها الإستشهاد بالنسر، كان يعتقد أنها الاسم القديم لمدينة كامبار و لكن تبين فيما بعد أن الرومان الغزاة أطلقوها على حي لوك ماريا الحالي و المتواجد على نهر أودي بالمدينة، و سميت خلال الثورة الفرنسية بجبل جنوب نهر أودي.
و الاسم الحالي كامبار Quimper هي التسمية المفرنسة بشكل طفيف من الكلمة البريتانية Kemper، و التي تعني بالعربية مقرن أي مكان إالتقاء الأنهار أو المجاري المائية، و يقصد بذلك أن المدينة بنيت عند إلتقاء الأنهار الأربعة (أودي، ستير، فروت و جات)، و هو نفس التفسير لمدينة كامبارلي المجاورة التي يلتقي بها نهرين.

الموقع
يحد كامبار إحدى عشرة بلدية و هي:

من الشمال: لاندريفارزاك.
من الشمال الشرقي: برياك.
من الشمال الغربي: غينفا و بلوغوناك.
من الجنوب: غواسناش و بلوفون.
من الجنوب الشرقي: سان إيفارزيك.
من الجنوب الغربي: بلوميلان.
من الشرق: إيرغي غابيريك.
من الغرب: بلوغوفون و بلونيز.
التاريخ
الشعار
المقولة التي تتخدها مدينة كامبار كشعار لها هي جملة بريتانية (Unanet e vimp kreñv) و تعني: نتحد لنكون أقوياء.

عصور ماقبل التاريخ
كامبار ما قبل التاريخ كانت محل أبحاث معمقة حول الآثار المتواجدة بالمدينة عند بداية القرن التاسع عشر، لا سيما في أوائل سنة 1873 برعاية مؤسسة علم الآثار لفنستير. و تطورت الأبحاث بشكل لافت سنة 1970 بإنشاء المركز البلدي للدراسة و بحوث علم الآثار.
عدة صواوين تم العثور عليها في بليغوفون بالمدينة تعود إلى 6000 سنة، أما ناحية كارجستان فقد تم العثور فيها على مقبرة و أدوات خزفية تعود إلى العصر الحجري الحديث إلى العصر البرونزي (3000 - 1800 قبل المسيح)، و في بينان كرياك عثر على بقايا منزل سكني مهم من الفترة (2000 - 1000 قبل المسيح). أما برادن بالناحية الشرقية للمدينة، بقايا فخارية و التي يعود تاريخها إلى 1800 قبل المسيح. كما عثر في عدة أماكن من كمبار على آثار تعود لآلاف السنين و هذا ما أكد أن المنطقة كانت مأهولة منذ القدم.

العصور الوسطى
حسب وجهة نظر باحثي الآثار فإن مدينة كامبار الرومانية إندثرت منذ القرن الرابع ميلادي. عدة آثار رومانية عثر عليها في مناطق مختلفة من المدينة، فعثر مثلا قرب كنيسة لوك ماريا على كتلبات رومانية تعود إلى سنة 1124

العصور الحديثة
القرن التاسع عشر و القرن العشرين
القرن الواحد و العشرين
كرونولوجيا
الجغرافيا
السياسة و الإدارة المحلية
إختصاصات بريتاني
تملك كامبار بعض تخصصات الطبخ، بما في ذلك الفطائر التقليدية و الفطائر المحمرة. حيث أنه تم إختراع هذه الأخيرة سنة 1888 بعد خطأ في طهي الفطائر التقليدية، و ذلك بطهيها بشكل قريب إلى الإحتراق فرأت السيدة كورنيك أن تقوم بلفها لإخفاء عيب الإحمرار. فكانت بذلك المرأة التي تخترع الأكلة الأكثر شعبيتا في فرنسا.

بدلة كلازيك
كامبار و منطقة بريتاني عموما، تشتهران ببدلة تقليدية تسمى كلازيك. حيث كانت ترتدى بشكل عادي بكامبار حتى سنة 1950.

بالنسبة للرجال، عادة ما تكون زرقاء أو سوداء. و تتكون من قميص بأكمام طويلة، حيث يغطيه سترة من الصوف بأكمام طويلة أيضا مطرزة بألوان زاهية. أما من الأسفل، فهو سروال أسود و حذاء أسود و أحيانا حذاء من نوع القباقيب. كما أن الرجال يضعون على رؤوسهم قبعات سوداء للفقراء و الأشخاص العاديين. و مطرزة بألوان زاهية للأسياد و الأغنياء.

عند النساء فتكاد تكون نفس البدلة، إلا أن المرأة ترتدي تنورة ذات اللون الأسود و على الرأس قبعة بيضاء مصنوعة من الدونتيل و أحيانا فولار أسود.

مدن توأمة
مدينة كامبار توأمة مع سبعة مدن و لها قنصلية فخرية بفنلندا.

 رمشيد، ألمانيا منذ 1971.
 ليمريك، أيرلندا منذ 1981.
 سانتا ماريا، رومانيا منذ 1991.
 يانطاي، الصين منذ 2005.
 أورينسي، إسبانيا منذ 2005.
 لافريو، اليونان منذ 2008.
 فودجا، إيطاليا منذ 2011.

Quimper

Quimper (US: /kæ̃ˈpɛər/,[2] French: [kɛ̃pɛʁ] (About this soundlisten); Breton: Kemper [ˈkẽmpəʁ]; Latin: Civitas Aquilonia or Corisopitum) is a commune and capital of the Finistère department of Brittany in northwestern France.
Administration
Quimper is the prefecture (capital) of the Finistère department.

Geography
The city was built on the confluence of the Steir, Odet and Jet rivers. Route National 165, D785, D765 and D783 were constructed to intersect here, 62 km (39 miles) northwest of Lorient, 181 km (112 mi) west of Rennes, and 486 km (302 mi) west-southwest of Paris.

Etymology
The name Quimper comes from the Breton kemper, meaning "confluent".

History
Quimper is the ancient capital of Cornouaille, Brittany’s most traditional region, and has a distinctive Breton Celtic character. Its name is the Breton word kemper (cognate to Welsh cymer), meaning "confluence". The town developed at the confluence of the rivers Le Steir and L'Odet. Shops and flags celebrate the region's Celtic heritage.

Quimper was originally settled during Roman times. By AD 495, the town had become a Bishopric. It subsequently became the capital of the counts of Cornouailles. In the eleventh century, it was united with the Duchy of Brittany. During the War of the Breton Succession (1341-64), the town suffered considerable ruin. In 1364, the duchy passed to the House of Montfort.

The town has a rustic atmosphere, with footbridges spanning the rivers that flow through it. The Church of Locmaria, a Romanesque structure, dates from the eleventh century. The Cathedral of Saint-Corentin, with its Gothic-style façade, was constructed between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. It is the oldest Gothic structure in lower Brittany. Its two towers are 76 m (250 feet); its spires were added in the nineteenth century. The fifteenth-century stained glass windows are exceptional. The cathedral is dedicated to Quimper's first bishop, Corentin.

To the cathedral's west are the pedestrianized streets of Vieux Quimper (Old Quimper), which have a wide array of crêperies, half-timbered houses, and shops. Near the Episcopal palace, which now holds the Musée départemental Breton (devoted to regional history, archaeology, ethnology and economy) are the ruins of the town's fifteenth-century walls. Nearby is the Musée des beaux-arts de Quimper. The museum has a nineteenth-century façade and an entirely rebuilt interior. It houses a collection of fourteenth to twenty-first century paintings that includes works by François Boucher, Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-Baptiste Oudry and Peter Paul Rubens, along with canvases by such Pont-Aven School painters as Émile Bernard, Maurice Denis, Georges Lacombe, Maxime Maufra and Paul Sérusier.

The town's best known product is Quimper faience, tin-glazed pottery. It has been made here since 1690, using bold provincial designs of Jean-Baptiste Bousquet. Quimper has a museum devoted to faience. The town’s eating establishments boast some of the best crêpes and cider in Brittany. The town has also been known for copper and bronze work, food items, galvanized ironware, hosiery, leather, paper and woolen goods.
Breton language
The municipality launched a linguistic plan through Ya d'ar brezhoneg on 6 February 2008, to revive the teaching and use of Breton, the historic Celtic language of the region. In 2008, 4.61% of primary-school children attended bilingual schools.[5]

Education
Quimper has several schools. These include two Diwan preschools, two Diwan primary schools and one Diwan collège (all specialise in use of Breton). In total, 287 students attended here a Diwan school in 2003–2004.[6]

Winter Festival
Most French festivals are held in the summer season, but Quimper has a Winter Festival: Les Hivernautes. In the summer, you can also find concerts on street corners, with pipers and accordion players.[7]

Local Points Of Interest
Quimper Cathedral. This cathedral has a remarkable bend in its middle.
churches (Locmaria, Saint-Mathieu, Kerfeunteun, Ergue-Armel...)
an old town centre with mediaeval fortifications and houses
Musée des Beaux-Arts (near the cathedral)
Cornouaille Festival: traditional dance (last week of July)
Faience museum
Statue of Gradlon looking in the direction of Ys at Quimper Cathedral
Transport
Public transport in Quimper is provided by QUB. The network consists of 7 urban bus routes, and 16 suburban bus routes. During the summer months of July and August, an additional "beach" bus route is open to service.

The Gare de Quimper is the terminus of a TGV high-speed train line from Paris, which passes through Le Mans, Rennes and Vannes. Journey duration is approximately 04h25. In addition, the following destinations are served by the TER Bretagne (the regional train network) :

Quimper – Brest (01h09)
Quimper – Rennes (02h15)
Quimper–Cornouaille Airport has flights to Paris and London City.

Personalities
Quimper was the birthplace of:
Guillaume Hyacinthe Bougeant (1690–1743), Jesuit author
Louis Billouart de Kervaségan, chevalier de Kerlérec (1704–1770), last French governor of Louisiana[8]
Élie Catherine Fréron (1718–1776), critic and controversialist
Yves-Joseph de Kerguelen-Trémarec (1734–1797), explorer, admiral, discoverer of the Kerguelen archipelago
Rene-Marie Madec (1736–1784), adventurer, Nawab of India. See also René Madec
René Laennec (1781–1826), physician, inventor of the stethoscope
Max Jacob (1876–1944), poet, painter, writer and critic
Corentin Louis Kervran (1901-1983), scientist
Philippe Poupon, sailor
OBE Hélène Mansfield, Croesyceiliog Head Teacher
Hélène Albert, Nobel Prize winner of Medicine
William Stanger, footballer
Jean Failler, writer (The Adventures of Mary Lester)
Jacques Villeglé (b. 1926), mixed-media artist
Jean-Claude Andro (1937–2000), novelist
Jessica Cérival, athlete
Jean-Michel Moal, accordionist of Red Cardell
Dan Ar Braz (b. 1949), guitarist
International relations
Quimper is twinned with:

Republic of Ireland Limerick, Republic of Ireland[9]
Germany Remscheid, Germany
United Kingdom Falkirk, Scotland, United Kingdom
Spain Ourense, Spain
China Yantai, China
Italy Foggia, Italy
See also
Ys
Quimper faience
Communes of the Finistère department
François Bazin (sculptor)
List of works of the two Folgoët ateliers
"List of the works of Charles Cottet depicting scenes of Brittany"
Lionel Floch
Henri Alphonse Barnoin
Henri Guinier

فلوران توفان

فلوران تريستان ماريانو توفان (بالفرنسية: Florian Tristan Mariano Thauvin) ويعرف اختصاراً بـ"فلوران توفان" هو لاعب كرة قدم فرنسي محترف من مواليد 26 يناير 1993 في مدينة أورليان في فرنسا، يلعب حالياً لصالح نادي أولمبيك مرسيليا الفرنسي الذي انضمّ له في 2016، أولاً على سبيل الإعارة ثمّ أكمل ضمّه بشكل كامل.
وقد سبق له اللعب في عدّة أندية فرنسية، بداية من نادي غرونوبل الذي لعب له في بداية مسيرته الإحترافية، ثم تنقّل داخل فرنسا بين نادي باستيا، ليل ثمّ فترة إعارة مع باستيا مجدّداً، ثمّ انضمّ في عام 2013 لنادي الجنوب الفرنسي أولمبيك مرسيليا، وأمضى معه سنتين قبل أن يخوض تجربة احترافية مع نادي نيوكاسل يونايتد الإنجليزي لم تُكلّل بالنجاح. عاد بعدها لمرسيليا معاراً أولاً ثمّ بشكل تامّ في عام 2016.
على الصعيد الدولي لعب توفان في الفئات السنية لمنتخبات فرنسا، بدءاً من منتخب فرنسا تحت 18 سنة، مروراً بمنتخبي منتخب أقلّ من 19 سنة، وأقلّ من 18 سنة، وانتهاء بأقلّ من 21 سنة

Thauvin

Florian Tristan Mariano Thauvin (French pronunciation: ​[flɔʁjɑ̃ tovɛ̃]; born 26 January 1993) is a French professional footballer who plays as a winger for Olympique de Marseille and the France national team.

He made his professional debut for Grenoble in 2011, moving on to Bastia where he won the Ligue 2 title in his first season and being named Young Player of the Year a year later. He then moved to Olympique de Marseille for €15 million, going on to make over 200 appearances and 50 goals across two spells at the team, with a brief time at Newcastle United of the Premier League inbetween.

Thauvin earned 30 caps and scored 14 goals for France from under-18 to under-21 level, winning the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup. He made his senior debut in June 2017 and was part of their squad that won the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
Club career
Early career
Born in Orléans, Thauvin played for youth teams at Ingre, Saint-Jean-de-la-Ruelle, Orléans, and Grenoble before rising through the ranks at the latter, and drawing the interest of larger clubs.[4] He made his first team debut for Grenoble on 11 March 2011 in a 1–1 Ligue 2 away draw against Vannes.[5] Grenoble was relegated to the CFA 2 after its liquidation in July 2011.[6]

Bastia
On 19 July 2011, Thauvin departed the club and signed his first professional contract with Corsican side Bastia.[6] On 28 October 2012, he scored his first goal for Bastia in a 3–1 victory over Bordeaux.[7] He helped Bastia to Ligue 2 title triumph in 2012.[8]

On 29 January 2013, Thauvin signed a four-and-a-half-year deal with Ligue 1 club Lille for a reported fee of €3.5 million.[8] As part of the deal, he was immediately sent back to Bastia on a six-month loan deal, keeping him at the top-flight Corsican club until the end of the 2012–13 season.[9] Following his impressive displays that season, Thauvin was named the Ligue 1 Young Player of the Year.[10]

Olympique de Marseille
On 3 September 2013, after weeks of drawn-out negotiations and without making single appearance for Lille, Thauvin signed a five-year deal with Olympique de Marseille. The 20-year-old had been absent from training due to disputes over an improved contract, and forced a move to the Stade Velodrome, eventually signing for €15 million including bonuses.[4][11]

On 4 January 2015, Thauvin was the only Marseille player to miss in the penalty shootout as they were eliminated from the Coupe de France last 64 by fourth-tier former club Grenoble.[12] Thauvin made 81 appearances over two seasons, scoring 15 goals.[8]

Newcastle United
On 19 August 2015, Thauvin joined Newcastle United signing a five-year deal, for a reported fee of £15 million, with Rémy Cabella going in the other direction to Marseille on a season-long deal, with an option to buy. Thauvin was handed the departing Cabella's number 20 shirt.[8][13] He made his debut three days later, replacing compatriot Gabriel Obertan, in the 69th minute of a goalless draw against Manchester United at Old Trafford, a game in which he had a chance to score a winner, but he was unable to reach a cross.[14] He made his first start for the club against Northampton Town in the League Cup second round on 25 August, scoring a goal and making three assists in a 4–1 home victory.[15]

Thauvin was criticised by Newcastle's all-time top scorer Alan Shearer for turning up to a game wearing a tuxedo. In February 2016, he told L'Équipe that the criticism was unfair and affected his performances.[16]

Return to Marseille
On 31 January 2016, Newcastle announced Thauvin would return to Marseille on loan for the rest of the season.[17] In the first game of his loan, on 2 February, he was sent off ten minutes after coming on as a substitute at Montpellier for a foul on Hilton.[18] He scored the only goal on 20 April as they beat FC Sochaux-Montbéliard 1–0 away in the semi-finals to reach the final of the 2016 Coupe de France against Le Classique rivals Paris Saint-Germain, which they lost 4–2 with Thauvin scoring a goal.[19]

On 4 August 2016, Thauvin began his second loan spell at Marseille, signing a season-long loan deal; Newcastle inserted a clause in the contract which gave Marseille the option to make the deal permanent.[20] In November 2016, it was reported that the loan spell would be made permanent in the summer of 2017, with Marseille agreeing to pay £9.8 million (€11m) for Thauvin’s permanent transfer once he had played just three matches for the club during his second loan spell.[21]

Thauvin captained Marseille for the first time in the 2016–17 Coupe de France round of 64 away match against Toulouse on 8 January 2017, which Marseille won 2–1. On 10 March, he scored two goals in the 3–0 Ligue 1 home win over Angers, taking his tally to four goals in his last four Ligue 1 matches.[22] He was the UNFP Player of the Month for March, with three goals and two assists.[23] On 30 April, Thauvin scored the first hat-trick of his senior club career and assisted one of Maxime Lopez's two goals in a 5–1 Ligue 1 away win over Caen.[24][25]

On 2 February 2018, Thauvin scored another hat-trick in a 6–3 home win over Metz.[26] He won two more Player of the Month awards for November and February,[27][28] and finished the 2017–18 Ligue 1 season with 22 goals, behind only PSG's Edinson Cavani for top scorer.[29] He was one of four candidates for the Player of the Season award, that ultimately went to the Parisians' Neymar.[29] In the season's Europa League, he contributed four goals in fourteen games for the team, who lost the final to Atlético Madrid in Lyon.

In 2018–19, Thauvin was Ligue 1's fourth-highest scorer with 16 goals in 33 games, though Marseille finished fifth and missed out on European football;[30] his tally included a hat-trick in a 3–1 win at Amiens on 25 November.[31] He was sent off two months later in a 2–1 home loss to Lille.[32]

International career
Youth
Thauvin was a regular in the France national youth football team and represented them at the under-18, under-19, under-20 and under-21 levels.[8] Thauvin was a member of the French squad which won the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Turkey. He scored a penalty in the 4–0 win over Uzbekistan in the quarter-finals[33] and a brace in a 2–1 victory against Ghana in the semi-finals.[34]

Senior
Thauvin was called up to the senior France squad for the first time to face Luxembourg in a 2018 World Cup qualifying match on 25 March 2017 and Spain in a friendly three days later; he did not play in either match.[35] On 2 June 2017, Thauvin made his debut for Les Bleus in a 5–0 friendly win over Paraguay, coming on in the 80th minute as a substitute for Antoine Griezmann.[36]

Thauvin was selected in the 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.[37] He played one minute as Didier Deschamps' team won the tournament, in a 4–3 win over Argentina in the last 16 in Kazan in place of Kylian Mbappé.[38]

On 11 June 2019, Thauvin scored a bicycle kick (his first senior international goal) in the 4–0 away win over Andorra in a UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying match, after having assisted Wissam Ben Yedder's goal 16 minutes earlier.[39][40]

Style of play
In January 2014, he was named by The Observer as one of the ten most promising young players in Europe. Former Toulouse manager Alain Casanova called Thauvin "a player in the image of Franck Ribéry … someone who is able to disrupt any opponent, someone very dangerous when he picks up speed. Very dangerous indeed."[41] ESPN columnist Andy Brassell described him in 2013 as a wide player who is a "left-footer with fine acceleration and jaw-dropping close control.

Ça - Chapitre 2

Ça : Chapitre 2 ou ÇA : Chapitre Deux au Québec (It: Chapter Two) est un film d'horreur américain réalisé par Andrés Muschietti, sorti en 2019. Il s’agit de l’adaptation du roman Ça de Stephen King et de la suite au film Ça (2017
Synopsis
En 1989, sept enfants ont réussi à échapper à « Ça », une créature métamorphe dévorant les enfants de Derry. Vingt-sept ans plus tard, Bill Denbrough et ses amis reviennent à Derry à la suite de l'appel de Mike. Ils vont devoir à nouveau combattre le sinistre clown « Ça », qui s'est réveillé et recommence à se nourrir d'enfants. Lorsqu'ils reviennent à Derry, ils découvrent la véritable histoire de « Ça » et comptent bien l'achever une bonne fois pour toutes.

Fiche technique
Titre original : It: Chapter Two
Titre français : Ça : Chapitre 2
Titre québécois : ÇA : Chapitre Deux
Réalisation : Andrés Muschietti
Scénario : Gary Dauberman, d'après le roman Ça de Stephen King
Direction artistique : Paul D. Austerberry
Décors : Nigel Churcher
Costumes : Luis Sequeira
Photographie : Checco Varese
Montage : Jason Ballantine
Musique : Benjamin Wallfisch
Production : Roy Lee, Dan Lin et Barbara Muschietti
Coproduction : Jason Fuchs
Production déléguée : Richard Brenner, Marty P. Ewingn, Seth Grahame-Smith, David Katzenberg et Dave Neustadter
Société de production : New Line Cinema, Lin Pictures, Vertigo Entertainment, KatzSmith Productions, Rideback
Sociétés de distribution : Warner Bros. Pictures (États-Unis et France)
Budget : 79 millions de dollars2
Pays d'origine : Drapeau des États-Unis États-Unis
Langue originale : anglais
Format : couleur — 35mm — 2,39:1 CinemaScope (Panavision) — son Dolby Digital / Dolby Atmos / Dolby Surround 7.1 / IMAX 6-Track / DTS
Genre : horreur
Durée : 170 minutes3,4
Dates de sortie :
Indonésie : 4 septembre 2019 (avant-première mondiale)
États-Unis, Québec : 6 septembre 2019
France, Belgique, Suisse romande : 11 septembre 20195,6,7
Classification :
Drapeau des États-Unis États-Unis : R - Restricted (Interdit aux moins de 17 ans sans un adulte)
Drapeau de la France France : Interdit aux moins de 12 ans lors de sa sortie en salles en France
Distribution
Bill Skarsgård (VF : Antoine Schoumsky) : « Ça » / Grippe-Sou, le clown dansant
James McAvoy (VF : Alexis Victor) : William « Bill » Denbrough
Jaeden Lieberher : Bill Denbrough, jeune
Jessica Chastain (VF : Rafaèle Moutier) : Beverly « Bev » Marsh
Sophia Lillis (VF : Clara Quilichini) : Beverly Marsh, jeune
Bill Hader (VF : Emmanuel Garijo) : Richard « Richie » Tozier
Finn Wolfhard (VF : Thomas Sagols) : Richie Tozier, jeune
James Ransone (VF : Sébastien Desjours) : Edward « Eddie » Kaspbrak
Jack Dylan Grazer : Eddie Kaspbrak, jeune
Andy Bean (VF : Damien Ferrette) : Stanley « Stan » Uris
Wyatt Oleff : Stanley Uris, jeune
Jay Ryan (VF : Boris Rehlinger) : Benjamin « Ben » Hanscom
Jeremy Ray Taylor : Ben Hanscom, jeune
Isaiah Mustafa (VF : Jean-Baptiste Anoumon) : Michael « Mike » Hanlon
Chosen Jacobs (VF : Hugo Brunswick) : Mike Hanlon, jeune
Jackson Robert Scott : Georgie Denbrough
Teach Grant : Henry Bowers
Nicholas Hamilton (VF : Julien Crampon) : Henry Bowers, jeune
Joan Gregson : Mme Kersh
Jess Weixler (VF : Ingrid Donnadieu) : Audra Philipps, la femme de Bill
Will Beinbrink (VF : Anatole de Bodinat) : Tom Rogan, le mari de Beverly
Xavier Dolan (VF : lui-même) : Adrian Mellon
Taylor Frey : Don Hagarty
Jake Weary : John "Webby" Garton
Erik Junnola : Steve Dubay
Connor Smith : Christopher Unwin
Stephen Bogaert (VF : Bruno Choël) : Alvin Marsh
Joe Bostick (VF : Gérard Darier) : Norbert Keene
Megan Charpentier (VF : Camille Timmerman) : Gretta Keene, jeune
Juno Rinaldi (VF : Barbara Tissier) : Gretta Keene, adulte
 ? (VF : Philippe Catoire) : le réalisateur du film « les rapides des ténèbres »
Stephen King (VF : Jean-François Vlérick) : le vendeur de la boutique « Rose Doccaze, vêtements d’occase »
Javier Botet : Le lépreux
Source et légende : version française (VF) sur AlloDoublage8
Production
Développement
Deux semaines après la sortie du premier film, la date de sortie américaine de la seconde partie est annoncée pour le 6 septembre 2019. Andrés Muschietti confirme que deux scènes coupées du premier film seraient incluses dans le second, l'une d'entre elles étant l'incendie du Black Spot présente dans le livre.

Le 27 juillet 2019, il est annoncé que le film sortira une semaine plus tôt que la date prévue au départ.

Le 29 juillet 2019, il est annoncé que le film durera 165 minutes, soit 2h459.

Quelques jours plus tard, il est annoncé que le film sortira en salles dans sa version Director's Cut d'une durée de 170 minutes, soit 2h50.

Distribution des rôles
Quelque temps après la sortie du premier film, l'acteur Bill Skarsgård est déjà confirmé pour reprendre le rôle de « Ça ». En novembre 2017, Jessica Chastain et Idris Elba se disent intéressés pour interpréter les versions adultes des personnages de Beverly et Mike10. Le 21 juin 2018, il a été annoncé par James McAvoy, jouant la version adulte de Bill, que le tournage avait officiellement commencé ce même jour11.

Tournage
Le tournage a lieu le 19 juin 2018, aux Pinewood Toronto Studios, mais aussi dans et autour de Port Hope, Oshawa et Toronto. Il prend fin le 30 octobre 201812.

Les rumeurs sur une suite au premier film ont débuté en février 2016, lorsque Muschietti a révélé le projet de mise en production. En septembre 2017, New Line Cinema annonce que la suite verrait le jour en septembre 2019, avec Dauberman à l'écriture du scénario et Muschietti à la réalisation.

Promotion
Le 7 mai 2019, Stephen King annonce sur son compte Twitter qu'un premier teaser sera dévoilée le jeudi 9 mai13. Quelques heures après, New Line Cinema et Warner Bros. l'officialisent sur le compte Twitter officiel du film avec une image de deux ballons rouges14.

Pour annoncer la venue de cette bande-annonce, les sept principaux acteurs des versions plus jeunes des personnages (Finn Wolfhard, Jaeden Lieberher, Sophia Lillis, Chosen Jacobs, Wyatt Oleff, Jeremy Ray Taylor et Jack Dylan Grazer) ont publié une image d'eux seuls, avec un ballon rouge, dissimulé derrière eux de différentes façons (ombres, cachés derrières des objets…).

Le 18 juillet, lors du Comic Con de San Diego, une nouvelle affiche est révélée et une deuxième bande annonce, qui se trouve être la bande annonce finale, est présentée.

زياد علي

زياد علي محمد