Geoffrey Cox

Charles Geoffrey Cox QC MP[1] (born 30 April 1960) is a British Conservative Party politician and barrister serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Torridge and West Devon since the 2005 general election. Cox worked as a barrister from 1982 onwards and was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 2003. On 9 July 2018, he was appointed Attorney General and gave up private practice; prior to this he had been the highest earning MP in the UK
Early life
Charles Geoffrey Cox was born in Wroughton, Wiltshire on 30 April 1960 to Michael and Diane Cox. He was educated at King's College, Taunton, an independent school in Somerset. He studied law and classics at Downing College, Cambridge.[3][4]

Legal career
Called to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1982, Cox started practice as a barrister; in 1992, he co-founded Thomas More Chambers, serving as its Head of Chambers. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 2003.[5]

For part of his career as a barrister, Cox was Standing Counsel to the government of the Indian Ocean island nation of Mauritius. His cases have included "civil fraud and asset recovery, commercial, human rights, defamation, and judicial review actions". He has frequently appeared as leading counsel in the Supreme Court or the Privy Council, and he was increasingly instructed to lead in commercial actions and arbitrations overseas, appearing in the DIFC, Mauritius and the Cayman Islands.[5]

His criminal cases have included the Jubilee line corruption trial; representing Virendra Rastogi the owner of RBG Resources;[6] and successfully defending Kingsman Darren Fallon of the Queen's Lancashire Regiment, who had been accused of war crimes related to the death of Baha Mousa.[7] His practice has also included a wide range of commercial, human rights and constitutional cases both in the UK and overseas.

In 2014, Cox successfully defended the former Premier (and current Leader of the Opposition) of the Cayman Islands, McKeeva Bush, on charges of corruption and misuse of office.[8] In March 2015, Cox successfully defended the deputy Editor of The Sun, Geoff Webster, in a trial of four journalists resulting from Operation Elveden.[9] The jury had to decide at what point the behaviour of those on trial could be considered a criminal rather than a serious disciplinary matter; even the lawyers found this difficult to define.[10] Cox subsequently publicly criticised the vagueness of the law, and its disproportionate use that had led to the prosecution.[9]

Parliamentary career
Cox was first selected to stand for Parliament in 2000 by the Torridge and West Devon Conservatives. In the following 2001 general election, he came second to incumbent Liberal Democrat John Burnett by 1,194 votes.[11][12]

After the 2001 election, Cox was reselected. Burnett announced in 2003 that he would not contest the seat again, and at the 2005 general election Cox defeated the new Liberal Democrat candidate, David Walter, gaining a majority of 3,236.[13] Cox made his maiden speech in the House of Commons on 28 June 2005, which was voted by fellow MPs as being one of the four best maiden speeches of the parliament.

Cox was re-elected as MP for Torridge and West Devon at the 2015 general election with an increased majority of 18,403 votes (32.5%).[14] This majority increased by over 2,000 votes at the 2017 election to 20,686 (34.7%).[15]

In January 2016, it was reported he had a number of office expense claims for items, such as a 49p pint of milk, rejected by the Commons authorities. He was criticised for this as at the time Cox was Britain's highest-paid MP. In response, Cox said that his staff had been unaware of a recent change in the rules for office expenses, which no longer permitted hospitality items such as tea, coffee or milk to be claimed.[16]

In January 2016, Cox was one of 72 MPs who were themselves landlords who derived an income from a property and who backed the Conservative Government in voting down an amendment in Parliament on rental homes being "fit for human habitation". The Government argued that the law already provided more effective remedies for tenants to report homes in bad repair to local authorities who then had a statutory duty to inspect them and to take action against the landlord, and that the previous Labour Government had for the same reason rejected the proposal.[17]

In February 2016, Cox told the House of Commons that he had concluded, after examining the published renegotiation proposals, that the case for leaving the EU was now overwhelming and that he would vote to do so in the forthcoming referendum.[18]

On 9 July 2018, Cox was appointed to the Cabinet as Her Majesty's Attorney General for England and Wales and Advocate General for Northern Ireland.

In the House of Commons he has sat on the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Select Committee, the Committee on Standards and the Committee on Privileges.[19] Cox resigned from the latter role in 2016 after failing to declare more than £400,000 of outside earnings.[20]

Attorney General
On 9 July 2018, Theresa May appointed Cox as Attorney General (the government's top law officer) taking over from Jeremy Wright following a Cabinet reshuffle, prompted by the resignations of David Davis and Boris Johnson.

On 1 December 2018, The Sunday Times newspaper reported the leaked contents of a recent Geoffrey Cox letter to Cabinet Ministers detailing the Attorney General's legal advice on Theresa May's Brexit deal. The newspaper reported that his legal advice declared the Withdrawal agreement's backstop protocol would mean the UK being indefinitely locked into a customs union with the EU if future negotiations collapse and that the only way the UK could leave the Backstop would be the signing of a future trade deal which could take many years to complete. The former Brexit Secretary Dominic Raab and three serving Cabinet members confirmed the contents of the letter to the Sunday Times.[21]

In February 2019, Theresa May placed Cox in charge of negotiating changes to the Northern Ireland backstop in the EU withdrawal agreement.[22]

On 24 September 2019, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom ruled unanimously that Prime Minister Boris Johnson's prorogation of parliament was unlawful. On the same day, minutes of a conference call between cabinet ministers (which included Cox) were leaked to Sky News. The minutes detailed that Cox had advised the government that the prorogation was lawful and constitutional and that any accusations of unlawfulness "were motivated by political considerations".[23]

Tax avoidance allegations
In September 2014, it was reported that Cox was one of a number of individuals investing in the Phoenix Film Partners LLC scheme run by Ingenious PLC which HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) had alleged to be a tax avoidance scheme. Ingenious has contested the allegation and claimed the scheme had been submitted to HMRC for pre-approval and that HMRC had not raised any objections. Cox has said that if the scheme was a tax avoidance scheme, it would have contradicted his instructions to his financial advisers, to whom he specified that he did not wish to be involved in aggressive tax avoidance.[24] Following a string of court victories against the schemes, HM Revenue & Customs has since sought to settle disputes with those involved in the tax avoidance, with an agreed re-payment package. Ingenious PLC were reported to still be disputing the claims.[25]

Outside work whilst employed as an MP
Cox has continued to practise as a Queen's Counsel whilst an MP.[5] According to The Daily Telegraph, based on the declarations in the Register of Members' Interests, Cox's extra-parliamentary work was worth £820,867 in 2014, or 12 times his annual MP salary, whilst the total time on extra-parliamentary work that was registered in 2014 (although the register shows the hours were worked over 3 years) was 1,954 hours.[26] According to the Register as at 2 July 2018, his extra-parliamentary earnings in the 12 months from July 2017 to June 2018 were £487,043; the time expended totalled 1,070 hours, which equates to more than six months' work, assuming a standard 40-hour week.

Cox has previously defended his outside work, pointing out that MPs of all parties have practised as QCs over the years, and that the Attorney General and Solicitor General are normally chosen from their ranks.[27] He has argued that he has always been used to long hours, 70 and 80 hour weeks were quite normal at the Bar, and that the Nolan report concluded that Parliament needed people with current experience of a wide range of professional and other backgrounds.[27]

In 2016, the House of Commons Standards Committee—of which he was a member—found that he had committed a serious breach of a House of Commons rule, designed to make transparent an MP's financial interests, after failing to register £400k of outside earnings (11 payments) for legal work within the permitted 28-day period. The payments were registered late, variously between two and seven months after the deadline; Cox said that he had omitted to prioritise the rule in the midst of an intense political and professional schedule. When first registering the payments, in September 2015, Cox apologised to the Registrar for his omission, referred himself to the Parliamentary Commissioner, and stepped down from the Committee.

The Commissioner and the Committee accepted that the payments had not in fact given rise to any conflicts of interest, and that the failure to register the payments within 28 days had thus had no practical effect. Alistair Graham, the former Chairman of the Committee on Standards in Public Life, criticised the lack of punishment and called for a complete reform, while Martin Bell said the Committee on Standards had a long history of inflicting light punishment, which showed that the House was incapable of regulating itself.[28]

On 9 July 2018, Cox gave up all private practice upon his appointment as Attorney General.

Coral Island

A coral island is a type of island formed from coral detritus and associated organic material.[1] They occur in tropical and sub-tropical areas, typically as part of coral reefs which have grown to cover a far larger area under the sea.
Ecosystem

Coral reefs are some of the oldest ecosystems on the planet. Over geological time forming massive reefs made of limestone. The reef environment supports more plant and animal species than any other habitat.[citation needed] Coral reefs are vital for life for multiple aspects some of which include structure, ecology, and nutrient cycles which all support biodiversity in the reefs.

The reefs build massive calcareous skeletons that serve as homes for animals from fish hiding inside the crooks and crannies of the reef and barnacles attaching themselves directly to the coral’s structure. The reef’s structure also helps with plants that need the sun to photosynthesize; by lifting the plants to the ocean’s surface where the sunlight can penetrate the water. The structure of the reef also creates a calm zone in the ocean providing a great place for fish and plant species to thrive.

Over geological time the reefs reach the surface and can become a coral island, where it begins a whole new ecosystem for land based creatures.[2]

Formation

Coral islands begin as a volcanic island over a hot spot. As the volcano emerges from the sea a fringing reef grows on the outskirt of the volcano. The volcano eventually moves off of the hot spot through a process known as plate tectonics. Once this occurs the volcano can no longer keep up with the erosion that is taking place due to the ocean and undergoes subsidence.

Once the island is submerged the coral must keep growing to stay in the epipelagic zone (sunlit). This causes the coral to grow into an atoll with a shallow lagoon in the middle. The lagoon can then undergo accretion and create an island completely made of carbonate materials.The process is later enhanced with the remains of plant life which grows on the island

Human impacts on coral islands

Coral is important for biodiversity and the growth of fish populations, so maintaining coral reefs is important. Coral reefs are threatened by numerous anthropogenic impacts, some of which have already had major effects worldwide.[4] Reefs grow in shallow, warm, nutrient poor waters where they are not out competed by phytoplanktons. By adding fertilizers into the water runoff phytoplankton populations can explode and choke out coral reef systems. Adding too many sediments can cause a similar problem by blocking out the sun starving the zooxanthellae that live on coral causing it to undergo a process known as coral bleaching. The oceans acidity is also a factor. Coral is made of calcium carbonate and is dissolved by carbonic acid. With the increase in carbon dioxide from combustion reactions in the atmosphere through precipitation carbon dioxide mixes with water and forms carbonic acid raising the oceans acidity which slows coral growth. Through chemical and physical changes humans can cause significant harm to reef systems and slow the creation of coral island chains.[2]

Distribution

Most of the world's coral islands are in the Pacific Ocean. The American territories of Jarvis, Baker and Howland Islands are clear examples of coral islands.The Lakshadweep Islands union territory of India is a group of 39 coral Islands, and some minor islets and banks. Also, some of the islands belonging to Kiribati are considered coral islands. The Maldives also consist of coral islands. St. Martin's Island is an 8 km2 coral island located in Bangladesh. Coral islands are also located near Pattaya and Ko Samui, Thailand.[5]

Many coral islands are small with low elevation above sea level. Thus they are at threat from storms and rising sea levels.

نادي سلتيك

نادي سيلتك (بالإنجليزية: Celtic Football Club) هو نادي كرة قدم اسكتلندي من مدينة غلاسكو. تأسس في 6 نوفمبر 1887. يعد أول فريق بريطاني فاز بدوري أبطال أوروبا وكان ذلك عام 1967. حصل على الدوري الاسكتلندي الممتاز 45 مرة وحصل 36 مرة على كأس اسكتلندا. يعد النادي مع رينجرز قطبي كرة القدم الاسكتلندية لأكثر من 100 عام. لونا الفريق هما الأخضر والأبيض. يلعب نادي سيلتيك مبارياته على ملعبه سيلتيك بارك الذي افتتح في 1892، ويتسع ل 60،832 متفرج.
مقتطفات من تاريخ النادي
تم تشكيل نادي سلتيك لكرة القدم في اجتماع عقد في قاعة كنيسة سانت ماري في كالتون، غلاسكو من قبل أخوية والفريد الكاثولكية الأيرلندية في 6 نوفمبر 1887. تم تشييد النادي بهدف التخفيف من حدة الفقر في الجزء الأقصى من غلاسكو الشرقية من خلال جمع الأموال لـ جمعية والفريد الخيرية التي ولت طاولات عشاء لـ الأطفال الفقراء.
المدرب ويلي مالي قاد سلتيك إلى ستة ألقاب متتالية بين 1905 و 1910، وكانوا أول فريق اسكتلندي أستطاع الفوز بالثنائية المحلية في عام 1907.
1967 كانت سنة أستثنائية للفريق فاستطاعوا الفوز بجميع المسابقات التي شاركوا بها، وأشهرها دوري أبطال أوروبا بعدما فازوا على إنتر ميلان 2-1 في لشبونة. فكانو أول نادي بريطاني يحقق اللقب.
بلغوا النهائي مرة أخرى في عام 1970 ، إلا أنهم خسروا 2-1 أمام فيينورد الهولندي في ملعب سان سيرو.
في موسم 1970 سجلوا أعلى نسبة حضور جماهيري بدوري أبطال أوروبا عندما تواجد 133961 مشجع في هامبدن بارك لمشاهدة نصف النهائي ضد ليدز يونايتد.
تحت قيادة المدرب ستين ، حقق سلتيك 9 بطولات متتالية بين عامي 1966 و 1974، كان رقما قياسيا عالميا و لم يتمكن أحد من معادلته حتى عام 1997 عندما قام بذلك الجارنادي رينجرز.
في عام 1994، رجل الأعمال ومشجع سلتيك فيرغوس ماكان اشترى النادي و طرح إصدارت أسهم بـ 18 مليون تقريبا و سهل من إعادة تطوير سيلتيك بارك و جعله يتسع لـ يتسع 60832 متفرج.

موسم 2000/01 شهد وصول مارتن أونيل حيث قاد سلتيك إلى ثلاثية محلية في موسمه الأول، ليصبح المدرب الثاني الذي استطاع تحقيق ذلك بعد ستين.
استطاع أونيل أن يصل بالفريق إلى نهائي كأس الاتحاد الأوروبي في عام 2003، الذي خسروه 3-2 بعد الوقت الإضافي أمام نادي بورتو.
غوردون ستراكان أصبح أول المدرب الأول بعد ستين الذي اسطتاع تحقيق ثلاث بطولات متتالية، بين عامي 2006 و 2008.
أيضا تحت قيادة غوردون ستراكان تأهل الفريق لدور ال 16 من دوري أبطال أوروبا في موسمين متتاليين للمرة الأولى.

بطولات الفريق
بطولات محلية
الدوري الاسكتلندي الممتاز (50 مرة): 1892–93، 1893–94، 1895–96، 1897–98، 1904–05، 1905–06، 1906–07، 1907–08، 1908–09، 1909–10، 1913–14، 1914–15، 1915–16، 1916–17، 1918–19، 1921–22، 1925–26، 1935–36، 1937–38، 1953–54، 1965–66، 1966–67، 1967–68، 1968–69، 1969–70، 1970–71، 1971–72، 1972–73، 1973–74، 1976–77، 1978–79، 1980–81، 1981–82، 1985–86، 1987–88، 1997–98، 2000–01، 2001–02، 2003–04، 2005–06، 2006–07، 2007–08، 2011–12، 2012–13، 2013–14، 2014–15، 2015–16، 2016–17، 2017–18، 2018–19
كأس اسكتلندا (37 مرة): 1892، 1899، 1900، 1904، 1907، 1908، 1911، 1912، 1914، 1923، 1925، 1927، 1931، 1933، 1937، 1951، 1954، 1965، 1967، 1969، 1971، 1972، 1974، 1975، 1977، 1980، 1985، 1988، 1989، 1995، 2001، 2004، 2005، 2007، 2011، 2013، 2017
كأس دوري اسكتلندا (18 مرة): 1956–57، 1957–58، 1965–66، 1966–67، 1967–68، 1968–69، 1969–70، 1974–75، 1982–83، 1997–98، 1999–2000، 2000–01، 2005–06، 2008–09، 2014–15، 2016-17، 2017–18، 2018–19
بطولات قارية
دوري أبطال أوروبا
البطل (1): 1966–67.
الوصيف (1): 1969–70
كأس الاتحاد الأوروبي
الوصيف (1): 2002–03
كأس السوبر الأوروبي
الوصيف (1): 1966–67
كأس الإنتركونتيننتال
الوصيف (1): 1967

Murder of Jo Cox

On 16 June 2016, Jo Cox, the British Labour Party Member of Parliament for Batley and Spen, died after being shot and stabbed multiple times in Birstall, West Yorkshire. In September, Thomas Alexander Mair, a 52-year-old gardener with far right views,[2] was found guilty of her murder and other offences connected to the killing. He was sentenced to life imprisonment with a whole life order.[3][4]

The incident was the first killing of a sitting British MP since the death of Conservative MP Ian Gow, who was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army in 1990, and the first death of a politician during an attack since county councillor Andrew Pennington was killed in 2000.
Attack

Jo Cox was elected to represent the parliamentary constituency Batley and Spen at the 2015 general election, having spent several years working for the international humanitarian charity Oxfam.[5][6] She was married with two young children.[7]

On 16 June 2016 Cox was on her way to meet constituents at a routine surgery in Birstall, West Yorkshire, when Thomas Mair shot her twice in the head and once in the chest with a sawn-off .22 hunting rifle, and stabbed her fifteen times, outside a library in Market Street.[8][9][10] She died at the scene.[11]

Retired mines rescuer Bernard Carter-Kenny, 77, was stabbed after coming to Cox's aid;[9][12][13][14][15] he was subsequently awarded the George Medal for his bravery.[16][17] Another witness followed Mair and identified him to police.[18] Mair was arrested about a mile from the murder scene by PC Craig Nicholls and PC Jonathan Wright, who were later awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal.

Perpetrator

The perpetrator of the attack was Thomas Alexander Mair, a 52-year-old unemployed gardener born in Scotland.[21] Mair had mental health problems,[22][1] though he was declared sane in the moment of the crime.[2] He believed individuals of liberal and left-wing political viewpoints, and the mainstream media, were the cause of the world's problems.[1] He targeted Cox, a "passionate defender" of the European Union and immigration, because he saw her as "one of 'the collaborators' [and] a traitor" to white people.[1]

Mair had links to British and American far-right political groups including the neo-fascist National Front (NF), the United States-based neo-Nazi organization National Vanguard (the successor to the defunct National Alliance) and the English Defence League (EDL); he had attended far-right gatherings and purchased publications from the aforementioned National Vanguard and other outlets,[1][23][24][25] to some of which he had sent letters and expressed support for South African apartheid.[26][27][1] In his home were found Nazi regalia, far-right books,[21][28][28] and information on the construction of bombs.[1][25] He had searched the internet for information about the British National Party (BNP), South African apartheid, the Ku Klux Klan, prominent Jewish people, matricide,[21][28] white supremacism/nationalism, Nazism/Nazi Party, SS/Waffen SS, Israel, mass shootings, serial killers, Frazier Glenn Miller Jr., William Hague, Ian Gow (another assassinated MP),[1] and Norwegian far-right terrorist Anders Behring Breivik (about whose case he collected newspaper clippings). He also owned Nazi iconography and books and films related to the Nazis.[29] A police official described Mair as a "loner in the truest sense of the word ... who never held down a job, never had a girlfriend [and] never [had] any friends".[1] The Guardian said that he "appears to have fantasised about killing a 'collaborator' for more than 17 years, drawing inspiration from" David Copeland.[1]

The evening before killing Cox, Mair visited a treatment centre in Birstall seeking help for depression; he was told to return the next day for an appointment.[30] However, Mair's health was not part of the defence case in the trial.[31] After his arrest, he was examined by a psychiatrist who found no evidence that Mair's mental health was so impaired that he could not be held responsible for his conduct.[1]

Trial, conviction, and sentence

On 18 June 2016, asked to confirm his name in Westminster Magistrates' Court, Mair said, "My name is death to traitors, freedom for Britain". His lawyers said there was no indication of how he would plead. Mair was remanded in custody and the magistrate suggested he was seen by a psychiatrist.[9][32]

At a bail hearing on 20 June, the judge remanded Mair in custody until a hearing to be held "under terrorism-related protocols".[33][34] At the next hearing on 23 June, the judge said the case would be handled as part of "the terrorism case management list", on which cases related to terrorism as defined by the Terrorism Act 2000 are placed.[35] At a September 2016 hearing, Mair's counsel said they would not advance a diminished responsibility argument.[36] At another hearing the following month, Mair—again appearing by video link—refused to enter a plea; the judge entered not-guilty pleas on his behalf.[36][37]

Mair's trial began at the Old Bailey on 14 November 2016.[38] He made no attempt to defend himself.[21] Witnesses testified that during the attack, Mair had cried out "This is for Britain", "keep Britain independent", and "Put Britain first".[21][39][40][41] On 23 November 2016, the jury took about 90 minutes[21] to convict Mair of Cox's murder, grievous bodily harm against Bernard Carter-Kenny, possession of a firearm with intent, and possession of a dagger.[21][42] The same day, Mair was sentenced to life imprisonment; the judge said he had no doubt Mair murdered Cox to advance a political, racial, and ideological cause—that of violent white supremacism and exclusive nationalism most associated with Nazism and its modern forms. This made the case exceptionally serious; accordingly the judge imposed a whole life term, meaning Mair will never be eligible for parole.[4]

Reactions

Cox's funeral was held in her constituency on 15 July and thousands of people paid their respects as the cortège passed.[43]

To the murder

United Kingdom

Cox's husband Brendan issued a statement on 16 June, the day of her death, which said:

Today is the beginning of a new chapter in our lives. More difficult, more painful, less joyful, less full of love. I and Jo's friends and family are going to work every moment of our lives to love and nurture our kids and to fight against the hate that killed Jo. Jo believed in a better world and she fought for it every day of her life with an energy, and a zest for life that would exhaust most people. She would have wanted two things above all else to happen now, one that our precious children are bathed in love and two, that we all unite to fight against the hatred that killed her. Hate doesn't have a creed, race or religion, it is poisonous. Jo would have no regrets about her life, she lived every day of it to the full.[44]

The statement was described by Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn as "one of the most moving statements I've ever heard from somebody so recently bereaved".[45] In a later interview, broadcast by the BBC on 21 June, Brendan Cox said of his wife:

She was a politician and she had very strong political views and I believe she was killed because of those views ... I think she died because of them and she would want to stand up for those in death as much as she did in life.[46]

Following the death, Union Flags on British public buildings, including the Palace of Westminster, Buckingham Palace, and 10 Downing Street, were flown at half staff.[47] It was announced that the Queen would write a private letter of condolence to Cox's widower.[48] The counting of votes in the Tooting by-election held on the day Cox died, was halted for a two-minute silence

Corbyn stated, "The whole of the Labour Party and Labour family – and indeed the whole country – will be in shock at the horrific murder of Jo Cox today" and paid tribute to a "wonderful woman".[50] A vigil attended by senior Labour Party politicians, including Corbyn, was held in Parliament Square. First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon described the news as "utterly shocking and tragic news, which has left everyone stunned".[51] Chief Minister of Gibraltar Fabian Picardo stated, "This is a truly appalling attack on a serving MP working hard to serve her community. This horrific act is an attack on democracy and the British freedoms that Jo Cox worked so diligently and passionately to defend."[52] Rosena Allin-Khan, who won the Tooting by-election for Labour, used her victory speech to pay tribute to Cox, saying, "Jo’s death reminds us that our democracy is precious but fragile. We must never forget to cherish it."[49] One day after the attack, Corbyn and Prime Minister David Cameron visited Birstall, where they joined locals to lay floral tributes to Cox.[53] Cameron said:

The most profound thing that has happened is that two children have lost their mother, a loving husband has lost a loving wife, and parliament has lost one of its most passionate and brilliant campaigners, someone who epitomised the fact that politics is about serving others

Veteran Labour politician Neil Kinnock, whose wife Glenys had supported Cox's candidacy and whose son Stephen shared an office with her, described the family's grief in a BBC television interview.[55] Writing for the Financial Times, Sarah Brown, who worked with Cox on a campaign to reduce the number of deaths in pregnancy and childbirth, said, "Jo’s life testified to her view that tolerance is not enough. We must tackle the causes of prejudice and discrimination, teach ourselves how to treat others equally and do far more to help those most in need."[56] Cox was remembered at church services held on Sunday 19 June, including one held at St Peter's Church, Birstall, where Rev. Paul Knight described her as a "fervent advocate for the poor and the oppressed".[57]

On 17 June, friends of Cox established a fund in her memory. Proceeds were to be split between three non-profit groups; anti-extremist group Hope not Hate, Royal Voluntary Service that benefits the elderly, and the Syrian volunteer search-and-rescue group White Helmets. The fund raised over £500,000 in one day,[58] and £1 million had been raised by 20 June.[59] Significant donations to the Jo Cox Fund included an award of £375,000 that was raised from fines resulting from the Libor banking scandal.[60] Proceeds from a cover version of the 1979 Bette Midler song "The Rose", recorded and released by Batley Community Choir, will also benefit the fund.[61] Friends organised "More in Common – Celebrating the life of Jo Cox", a public event in her remebrance that was scheduled to take place in Trafalgar Square, London, on 22 June – the date of her 42nd birthday.[57] The event saw Cox's family transported on a memorial boat laden with floral tributes along the River Thames to Westminster, where crowds listened to speakers including Brendan Cox, Malala Yousafzai, Bono, Bill Nighy and Gillian Anderson. Similar events took place around the world, including Batley and Spen, Auckland, Paris, Washington D.C., and Buenos Aires.[62][63]

On 20 June, Oxfam announced it would release Stand As One – Live at Glastonbury 2016, an album of live performances from the 2016 Glastonbury Festival, in memory of Cox. Proceeds from the album, released on 11 July, went towards helping the charity's work with refugees.[64][65] Musicians and festivalgoers at Glastonbury, held later that week, also paid tribute to Cox; at one concert Billy Bragg led the audience in a rendition of "We Shall Overcome" and was joined on stage by women wearing suffragette ribbons.[66]

Parliament was recalled on Monday 20 June to allow MPs to pay tribute to Cox.[67] In a break from convention (under which MPs sit grouped together by party), MPs considered whether to sit together on a non-party basis for the memorial sitting, a suggestion made by Conservative MP Jason McCartney.[68][69] Only a few MPs chose to do so, however.[70] Following the sitting of Parliament, MPs and others attended a memorial service at nearby St Margaret's Church.[71] On 20 June a petition was created calling for Bernard Carter-Kenny, who had intervened in the attack, to be awarded the George Cross.[72] He was awarded the George Medal in the 2017 Birthday Honours.[73][74] Carter-Kenny died of cancer on 14 August 2017.[75][76]

In July 2016, organisers of the annual Tolpuddle Martyrs' Festival, an event in Dorset celebrating the efforts of a group of agricultural workers to form a trade union, dedicated that year's event to Cox's memory.[77] In August, cyclists took part in the Jo Cox Way, a five-day, 260-mile cycle ride from West Yorkshire to Westminster to raise money for charities Cox supported.[78][79] The event raised £1,500.[80] At its 2016 party conference held in Liverpool in September, Labour launched the Jo Cox Women in Leadership Programme, a mentoring scheme facilitated by the Labour Women's Network and designed to help women into leadership roles.[81] In November 2016, MPs and musicians collaborated on a version of The Rolling Stones song "You Can't Always Get What You Want" for release as a charity single in Cox's memory and to raise funds for the launch of the Jo Cox Foundation.[82] Artists who took part in the recording include Ricky Wilson of Kaiser Chiefs, Steve Harley, KT Tunstall, and David Gray.[83] Sir Mick Jagger and Keith Richards subsequently announced they would be waiving their royalties from sales of the single.[84] BBC Two aired the documentary Jo Cox: Death of An MP on 13 June 2017 to coincide with the first anniversary of her murder.[85]

Also in June 2017, to mark the first anniversary of Cox's death, her family and friends promoted a weekend of events titled "The Great Get Together"; events included picnics, street parties and concerts.[86] The Great Get Together was also supported by former British Prime Ministers John Major, Tony Blair, Gordon Brown, and David Cameron, all of whom who recorded a joint video paying tribute to Cox and urging people to celebrate her life. The video was aired as part of Channel 4's late-night talk show The Last Leg on the eve of the first anniversary of her death.[87] On 24 June 2017, a coat of arms designed by Cox's children was unveiled by them at the House of Commons, where MPs killed in office are remembered by heraldic shields.[88] Rock group U2 paid tribute to Cox during the UK leg of their 2017 Joshua Tree Tour; lead vocalist Bono, who had worked with her on the Make Poverty History campaign, dedicated the song "Ultraviolet (Light My Way)" to her memory

Jo Cox

Helen Joanne Cox[1] (née Leadbeater; 22 June 1974 – 16 June 2016) was a British politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Batley and Spen from her election in May 2015 until her murder in June 2016. She was a member of the Labour Party.

Born in Batley, West Yorkshire, Cox studied Social and Political Sciences at Pembroke College, Cambridge. Working first as a political assistant, she joined the international humanitarian charity Oxfam in 2001, where she became head of policy and advocacy at Oxfam GB in 2005. She was selected to contest the Batley and Spen parliamentary seat after the previous incumbent, Mike Wood, decided not to stand in 2015. She held the seat for Labour with an increased majority.[2] Cox became a campaigner on issues relating to the Syrian Civil War, and founded and chaired the all-party parliamentary group Friends of Syria.

On 16 June 2016, Cox died after being shot and stabbed multiple times in Birstall, where she had been due to hold a constituency surgery.[3] Thomas Mair, who held far-right views, was found guilty of her murder in November and sentenced to life imprisonment with a whole life order.
Early life and career beginnings
Cox was born Helen Joanne Leadbeater on 22 June 1974 in Batley, West Yorkshire, England,[6] to Jean, a school secretary, and Gordon Leadbeater, a toothpaste and hairspray factory worker.[7][8] Raised in Heckmondwike,[6] she was educated at Heckmondwike Grammar School, a state grammar school, where she was head girl. During summers, she worked packing toothpaste.[7] Cox studied at Pembroke College, Cambridge, initially studying Archaeology and Anthropology before switching to Social and Political Science, graduating in 1995.[9] She later studied at the London School of Economics.[10]

Following her graduation from Pembroke College, Cox worked as an adviser to Labour MP Joan Walley, before moving to Brussels to spend two years as an assistant to Glenys Kinnock, wife of former Labour leader Neil Kinnock, who was then a Member of the European Parliament.[10] From 2001 to 2009, Cox worked for the aid groups Oxfam and Oxfam International, first in Brussels as the leader of the group's trade reform campaign, then as head of policy and advocacy at Oxfam GB in 2005, and head of Oxfam International's humanitarian campaigns in New York City in 2007.[11] While there, she helped to publish For a Safer Tomorrow, a book authored by Ed Cairns which examines the changing nature of the world's humanitarian policies.[12] Her work for Oxfam in which she met disadvantaged groups in Darfur and Afghanistan influenced her political thinking.[10]

Cox's charity work led to a role advising Sarah Brown, wife of former Prime Minister Gordon Brown, who was spearheading a campaign to prevent deaths in pregnancy and childbirth.[7][13] Cox was the national chair of the Labour Women's Network and a senior adviser to the Freedom Fund, an anti-slavery charity.[14]

Political career
Cox was nominated by the Labour Party to contest the Batley and Spen seat being vacated by Mike Wood in the 2015 general election.[15] She was selected as its candidate from an all-women shortlist.[10] The Batley and Spen seat was a Conservative marginal between 1983 and 1997, but is now considered to be a safe seat for Labour,[16] and Cox won the seat with 43.2% of the vote, increasing Labour's majority to 6,051.[2][10] Cox made her maiden speech in the House of Commons on 3 June 2015, using it to celebrate her constituency's ethnic diversity, while highlighting the economic challenges facing the community and urging the government to rethink its approach to economic regeneration.[17] She was one of 36 Labour MPs who nominated Jeremy Corbyn as a candidate in the Labour leadership election of 2015, but said she had done so to get him on the list and encourage a broad debate.[18] In the election she voted for Liz Kendall,[19] and announced after the local elections on 6 May 2016 that she and fellow MP Neil Coyle regretted nominating Corbyn.[20]

Cox campaigned for a solution to the Syrian Civil War.[21] In October 2015, she co-authored an article in The Observer with Conservative MP Andrew Mitchell, arguing that British military forces could help achieve an ethical solution to the conflict, including the creation of civilian safe havens in Syria.[22] During that month Cox launched the All Party Parliamentary Friends of Syria group, becoming its chair.[23][24] In the Commons vote in December to approve UK military intervention against ISIL in Syria, Cox abstained because she believed in a more comprehensive strategy that would also include combatting President Bashar al-Assad and his "indiscriminate barrel bombs".[21] She wrote:

By refusing to tackle Assad's brutality, we may actively alienate more of the Sunni population, driving them towards Isis. So I have decided to abstain. Because I am not against airstrikes per se, but I cannot actively support them unless they are part of a plan. Because I believe in action to address Isis, but do not believe it will work in isolation.[25]

Andrew Grice of The Independent felt that she "argued forcefully that the UK Government should be doing more both to help the victims and use its influence abroad to bring an end to the Syrian conflict".[26] In February 2016, Cox wrote to the Nobel Committee praising the work of the Syrian Civil Defense, a civilian voluntary emergency rescue organisation known as the White Helmets, and nominating them for the Nobel Peace Prize: "In the most dangerous place on earth these unarmed volunteers risk their lives to help anyone in need regardless of religion or politics". The nomination was accepted by the committee, and garnered the support of twenty of her fellow MPs and several celebrities, including George Clooney, Daniel Craig, Chris Martin and Michael Palin. The nomination was supported by members of Canada's New Democratic Party, who urged Stéphane Dion, the country's Foreign Affairs Minister, to give his backing on behalf of Canada.[27][28]

Cox, a supporter of the Labour Friends of Palestine & the Middle East,[29] called for the lifting of the blockade of the Gaza Strip.[30] She opposed efforts by the government to curtail the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement, and said "I believe that this is a gross attack on democratic freedoms. Not only is it right to boycott unethical companies but it is our right to do so."[31] Cox was working with Conservative MP Tom Tugendhat on a report to be published following the release of the Chilcot Report into the 2003 invasion of Iraq. After her death, Tugendhat wrote in The Times, "Our starting point was that while Britain must learn the painful lessons of Iraq, we must not let the pendulum swing towards knee-jerk isolationism, ideological pacifism and doctrinal anti-interventionism".[32] With the charity Tell MAMA she worked on The Geography of Anti-Muslim Hatred, investigating cases of Islamophobia; the report was dedicated to her at its launch on 29 June 2016.[33] Two parliamentary questions concerning the Yemeni Conflict, tabled by Cox to the Foreign Office on 14 June, were answered by Tobias Ellwood after her death. On 1 July, The Guardian reported that each answer was accompanied by a government note stating "This question was tabled before the sad death of the honourable lady but the subject remains important and the government's response ought to be placed on the public record."[34]

Cox was a "Remain" supporter in the campaign leading to the 2016 referendum on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union.[35] Following her death, the EU referendum campaign was suspended for the day by both sides as a mark of respect.[11] The BBC cancelled editions of Question Time and This Week, two political discussion programmes scheduled to air that evening focussing on issues relating to the referendum.[36][37]

Personal life
Cox was married to Brendan Cox, an adviser on international development to Gordon Brown during Brown's premiership,[38][39] whom she met while she was working for Oxfam, from June 2009 until her death in June 2016.[40] They had two children, Cuillin (b. 2011) and Lejla (b. 2012).[40] The Cox family divided their time between their constituency home and a houseboat, a converted Dutch barge, on the Thames, moored near Tower Bridge in London.[10][21] A secular humanist, Jo was a supporter of the British Humanist Association.[41]

Assassination
At 12:53 pm BST on Thursday, 16 June 2016, Cox was fatally shot and stabbed outside a library in Birstall, West Yorkshire, where she was about to hold a constituency surgery at 1:00 pm.[11][42] According to eyewitnesses, she was shot three times — once near the head — and stabbed multiple times. A 77-year-old local man, Bernard Kenny, was stabbed in the stomach while trying to fend off her attacker. Initial reports indicated that the attacker, Thomas Mair, a 52-year-old Batley and Spen constituent[43] who had a history of psychiatric problems, and links to the US-based neo-Nazi group National Alliance,[44] shouted "Britain first" as he carried out the attack.[11]

The far-right Britain First party issued a statement denying any involvement or encouragement in the attack and suggested that the phrase "could have been a slogan rather than a reference to our party".[45][46] Later at Mair's trial a witness stated that he shouted, "This is for Britain. Britain will always come first".[47]

Four hours after the incident, West Yorkshire Police announced that Cox had died of her injuries shortly after being admitted to Leeds General Infirmary.[42][48] She was the first sitting MP to be killed since the Conservative Party's Ian Gow, who was killed by a Provisional IRA car bomb in July 1990,[49] and the first MP to be seriously assaulted since Stephen Timms, who was stabbed by Roshonara Choudhry in an attempted assassination in May 2010.[50][51] A memorial service was held at St Peter's Church in Birstall the following day
Mair was arrested shortly after the attack.[53][54] In a statement issued the day after the attack, West Yorkshire Police said that Cox was the victim of a "targeted attack" and the suspect's links to far-right extremism were a "priority line of inquiry" in the search for a motive.[55] On 18 June, Mair was charged with murder, grievous bodily harm, possession of a firearm with intent to commit an indictable offence and possession of an offensive weapon.[56] He appeared at Westminster Magistrates' Court later that day, and at the Old Bailey on 20 June.[57]

On 23 November 2016, Mair was found guilty of all charges – the murder of Cox, stabbing Bernard Kenny (a charge of grievous bodily harm with intent), possession of a firearm with intent to commit an indictable offence and possession of an offensive weapon, namely the dagger. The trial judge said that the crime was so severe that 53-year-old Mair should be given a whole-life tariff—never be released from prison, except at the discretion of the Home Secretary.[58]

Aftermath
The assassination received worldwide attention with tributes and memorials for Cox being made with condemnation of Mair. A personal friend, Canadian MP Nathan Cullen paid tribute to Cox in the House of Commons of Canada.[59] Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, former US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, the then US Secretary of State John Kerry and former US Representative Gabrielle Giffords, who was wounded in an assassination attempt in 2011, were among international politicians who sent messages of condemnation and sympathy in the aftermath of her killing.[60] Cox's husband issued a statement urging people to "fight against the hatred that killed her".[61]

Among those who paid tribute to Cox were Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn, who described her as someone who was "dedicated to getting us to live up to our promises to support the developing world and strengthen human rights",[62] while Prime Minister David Cameron said she was "a star for her constituents, a star in parliament, and right across the house".[63] US President Barack Obama telephoned Cox's husband to offer his condolences, noting that "the world is a better place because of her selfless service to others".[64] Parliament was recalled on 20 June 2016 for fellow MPs to pay tribute to Cox.[65]

The day after Cox died, 17 June 2016, her husband set up a GoFundMe page named "Jo Cox's Fund" in aid of three charities which he described as "closest to her heart": the Royal Voluntary Service, Hope not Hate, and the White Helmets, a Syrian civil defence group. £700,000 had been raised by 19 June 2016,[66][67] with the amount exceeding £1 million by the following day.[68] On 20 June, Oxfam announced it would release Stand As One – Live at Glastonbury 2016, an album of live performances from the festival in memory of Cox and that proceeds from the album, released on 11 July, will go towards the charity's work with refugees.[69][70] The festival opened with a tribute to Cox.[71] On the evening of 23 June, while ballots were being counted in the EU membership referendum, polling officials in the Yorkshire and Humber region observed a minute's silence.[72]

West Yorkshire coroner Martin Fleming opened an inquest into Cox's death at Bradford Coroner's Court on 24 June. It was adjourned following a six-minute hearing and her body released to allow her family to make funeral arrangements.[73] The funeral, "a very small and private family affair",[74] was held in her constituency on 15 July, with many thousands of people paying their respects as the cortege passed.[75]

A by-election in Batley and Spen was held on 20 October 2016. Labour candidate Tracy Brabin, an actress whose credits include a role in Coronation Street in the mid 1990s, won the by-election with 86 percent of the vote.[76] The Conservative Party, Liberal Democrats, Green Party, and UKIP did not contest the election as a mark of respect.[77] Jack Buckby caused widespread condemnation by standing in the by-election,[78] with Cox's former Labour colleague MP Jack Dromey describing Liberty GB's bid as "obscene, outrageous and contemptible".[79]

One year after her murder, three individuals who came to her aid were honoured in the 2017 Queen's Birthday Honours. Bernard Kenny, a passerby who tried to stop Mair during the attack and was himself stabbed in the stomach, was awarded the George Medal, which is given to civilians who exhibit great bravery. PC Craig Nicholls and PC Jonathan Wright of the West Yorkshire Police, who apprehended and arrested her attacker after he had fled the scene, were awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal.[80][81]

Legacy
In December 2016, a group of politicians came together to record a cover of the Rolling Stones "You Can't Always Get What You Want" in honour of Cox. Politicians from the Labour Party, the Conservatives, and the SNP joined with members of the Parliament Choir, the Royal Opera House Thurrock Community Chorus, musician KT Tunstall, Steve Harley, Ricky Wilson, David Gray and other musicians. All profits from sales of the song went to the Jo Cox Foundation.[82]

In May 2017, a memorial, designed by Cox's children, was unveiled in the House of Commons. The unveiling took place at the first "Great Get Together" event that the Jo Cox Foundation held and was in the form of a family day at Parliament.[83] In June 2017, Cox's husband Brendan published Jo Cox: More In Common, a book that talks about the impact of his wife's death on their family.[84][85] Also in June 2017, and to mark the first anniversary of Cox's death, her family and friends urged people to take part in a weekend of events to celebrate her life and held under the banner of "The Great Get Together"; events included picnics, street parties and concerts.[86]

A street, formerly Rue Pierre–Étienne Flandin after Pierre-Étienne Flandin, in Avallon, a town in the Yonne département of France, was renamed Rue Jo Cox in May 2017.[87] In Brussels, a square beside the Ancienne Belgique concert hall was renamed to Place Jo Cox / Jo Cox Plein in September 2018.[88][89]

A work of contemporary dance theatre inspired by Jo Cox's political and social beliefs, entitled More in Common, was created by Youth Music Theatre UK in August 2017 and presented at the Square Chapel, Halifax.[90]

Coat of arms
On 24 June 2017, a coat of arms, designed with the input of Cox's children, was unveiled by her family at the House of Commons, where MPs killed in office are honoured with heraldic shields.[91] The elements of the arms included four roses, to symbolize the members of Cox's family (two white roses, for Yorkshire, and two red, for Labour); and the tinctures green, purple, and white, which were the colours of the British suffragette movement. The motto, "More in Common," is displayed below the shield, and comes from her maiden speech made in Parliament, in which she said, "We are far more united and have far more in common than that which divides us

هزاع المنصوري

هزاع علي المنصوري (Hazzaa Ali AlMansoori) هو أحد أول رائدي فضاء إماراتيين، ضمن برنامج الإمارات لرواد الفضاء الذي أطلقه صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم، نائب رئيس الدولة رئيس مجلس الوزراء حاكم دبي، وصاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن زايد آل نهيان، ولي عهد أبوظبي نائب القائد الأعلى للقوات المسلحة في عام 2017 بهدف تدريب وإعداد فريق من رواد الفضاء الإماراتيين وإرسالهم إلى الفضاء للقيام بمهام علمية مختلفة.
أول إماراتي إلى الفضاء
في 12 إبريل 2019، أعلن مركز محمد بن راشد للفضاء عن اختيار هزاع المنصوري ليكون رائد الفضاء الأساسي في مَهمة الانطلاق إلى محطة الفضاء، ليصبح أول إماراتي يذهب إلى الفضاء وأول رائد فضاء عربي يذهب إلى محطة الفضاء الدولية. وسيقضي المنصوري ثمانية أيام على متن محطة الفضاء الدولية ضمن بعثة فضاء روسية، وستحمله مركبة "سويوز إم إس 15" التي ستنطلق من محطة "بايكونور" الفضائية في كازاخستان بتاريخ 25 سبتمبر 2019، وسيعود على متن المركبة "سويوز إم إس 12" يوم 3 أكتوبر 2019. وكان من المقرر أن تنطلق الرحلة إلى محطة الفضاء الدولية في شهر إبريل 2019 ولكن تم تأجليها إلى 25 سبتمبر 2019 بسبب الحادث الذي تعرضت لها مركبة "سويوز إم إس" في 10 أكتوبر 2018.

طفولته
ولد المنصوري في 13 ديسمبر 1983 في منطقة الوثبة في أبوظبي، دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة. في طفولته، كان هزاع يحب الاستكشاف وكان شغوفاً بمطالعة النجوم والشهب في الليالي المظلمة في صحراء ليوا بعيداً عن أضواء المدينة حيث أمضى أغلب طفولته. كان يحلم بأن يكون طياراً وكان يحب القراءة عن الطائرات ورحلات الفضاء.

تعليمه ومسيرته المهنية
بعد اتمامه المرحلة الثانوية من مدرسة الصديق الثانوية للبنين في ليوا في منطقة الظفرة (المنطقة الغربية سابقاً)، قاده شغفه للفضاء وحبة لخدمة وطنه إلى الالتحاق بالقوات المسلحة ليصبح طياراً حربياً، والتحق  بكلية خليفة بن زايد الجوية في العين في 2001 وتخرج منها عام 2004 حيث حصل على شهادة البكالوريوس في علوم الطيران. وأرسلته دولة الإمارات للتدريب على طائرات إف 16 في ولاية أريزونا في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، حيث خضع لمجموعة برامج تدريبية منها دورات تخصصية متقدمة في النجاة من الغرق وتدريب على الدوران وقوة التسارع تصل إلى "9 جي"، وعلى مناورات العلم الأحمر. وبعد عودته إلى دولة الإمارات، التحق بأسراب العمليات ومن ثم  شغل منصب مدرب على طائرات إف 16.

وفي 2016 تم اختياره ليكون طيار عرض جوي منفرد على طائرة إف 16  للقيام بعروض جوية، وفي 2017 شارك في معرض دبي للطيران، وشارك في عروض في مدن مختلفة داخل الدولة بمناسبة اليوم الوطني الإماراتي يوم 2 ديسمبر 2017 

مسيرته المهنية كرائد فضاء
في 6 ديسمبر 2017، كتب صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم، نائب رئيس الدولة رئيس مجلس الوزراء حاكم دبي في حسابه على تويتر: "أدعو شبابنا وشاباتنا للتسجيل في برنامج الإمارات لرواد الفضاء عبر مركز محمد بن راشد للفضاء. سيتم اختيار الأفضل والأقدر والأكثر كفاءة ليكونوا سفراءنا للفضاء". وكان المنصوري أحد شخصين تم اختيارهما من بين 4022 متقدماً بعد اجتيازه سلسلة من الاختبارات في الإمارات وروسيا. وساعدته خلفيته كطيار حربي في اجتياز الاختبارات بسهولة.

في 3 سبتمبر 2018، أعلن صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم عن أول رائدي فضاء إماراتيين عبر حسابه في "تويتر" أيضاً حيث كتب: "في إنجاز عربي جديد .. نعلن اليوم عن أسماء أول رائدي فضاء عرب لمحطة الفضاء الدولية .. "هزاع المنصوري" و"سلطان النيادي" .. "هزاع" و"سلطان" يمثلان كل الشباب العربي".

في 5 مارس 2019، استقبل صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم المنصوري والنيادي.

التدريب
في إطار اتفاقية مركز محمد بن راشد للفضاء ووكالة الفضاء الروسية روسكوسموس في الجمهورية الروسية الاتحادية لتدريب رواد الفضاء الإماراتيين، خضع المنصوري لتدريبات في "مركز يوري غاغارين لتدريب رواد الفضاء" في مدينة النجوم في روسيا تحضيراً لمهمة الذهاب إلى محطة الفضاء الدولية.

حياته الشخصية
تزوج هزاع في 2007 ولديه أربعة أبناء: "مريم"، و"علي"، و"عبد الله"، و"منصور". يعتبر هزاع أن أفراد عائلته أكبر داعمين له. وقال أنه سيأخذ علم دولة الإمارات وصورة لعائلته معه إلى الفضاء.

الجامعة العراقية

الجامعة العراقية هي جامعة عراقية تقع في العاصمة بغداد. وهي احدى مؤسسات وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي. ولقد تأسست سنة 1989م، وأول موقع لها كان في مبنى دار المعلمين في الأعظمية سابقا قرب مبنى المقبرة الملكية ثم توسعت مبانيها فيما بعد وتوزعت في عدة مناطق من بغداد
التأسيس
تأسست الجامعة العراقية سنة 1989م، وكانت تسمى جامعة صدام للعلوم الإسلامية وكانت متخصصة لتدريس علوم الدين الاسلامي والآداب ثم تغير منهج التدريس في الجامعة بعد غزو العراق عام 2003 م، وسميت بالجامعة العراقية وأصبحت تدرس مختلف العلوم العلمية والإنسانية والتطبيقية من الطب والهندسة والاعلام والفنون والقانون والتربية وغيرها من العلوم ولقد كانت وما زالت قبلة انظار طلبة العلم والمعرفة في مختلف الاختصاصات وما زالت عملية تطوير الجامعة مستمرة لتأخذ دورها من بين جامعات العالم المتطورة الحديثة.

سياسة الجامعة
تقبل الجامعة خريجي الدراسة الاعدادية للفرعين العلمي والأدبي ، كما تمنح شهادتي الماجستير والدكتوراه في أقسام كلياتها كافة. و كما تمليه سياسة الجامعة فقد تواصلت مع أخواتها من الجامعات العربية والإسلامية والعالمية، فعقدت جملة من الاتفاقيات ورسخت العلاقات الثقافية الجادة معها، فضلاً عن انضمامها إلى عضوية اتحاد الجامعات الإسلامية واتحاد الجامعات العربية. تهدف الجامعة رفد المجتمع بكفاءات متخصصة في كافة المجالات العلمية والإنسانية وكذلك مواكبة التطور بأبحاث علمية تتناول التحديات المعاصرة لمواكبة التقدم

الموقع
تجاور الجامعة (روضة المقبرة الملكية) وهي إحدى معالم البناء المتميزة في بغداد.

يتألف مبنى الجامعة من بعض المباني التراثية المصممة على الطراز العربي الإسلامي، إذ تزخر الجدران بالزخرفة الإسلامية والأقواس المعروفة المقترنة بالتراث البغدادي، وكذلك الابنية الحديثة ذات الطراز المعماري الحديث إذ تحوي الجامعة مجمع متكامل من مباني ذات تصاميم معاصرة مواكبة للتقدم الحضاري. وللجامعة مجمع آخر في سبع أبكار.

كليات الجامعة
كلية الطب.
كلية طب الاسنان.
كلية الهندسة.
كلية القانون.
كلية الأعلام.
كلية الأدارة والاقتصاد.
كلية التربية.
كلية العلوم الإسلامية.
كلية الأداب.
اقسام الجامعة
القسم الهندسي.
القسم المالي.
القسم القانوني.
قسم التخطيط والدراسات والمتابعة.
قسم التدقيق.
أمانة مجلس الجامعة
الشؤون العلمية
الشؤون الإدارية
قسم الدراسات والتخطيط والمتابعة
قسم التسجيل وشؤون الطلبة
الدراسات العليا
مركز البحوث والدراسات
مركز التعليم المستمر
ضمان الجودة والأداء الجامعي
الاعلام والعلاقات
لجنة التربية على حقوق الإنسان
الاقسام الداخلية
مركز الحاسبة والإنترنت