Human Rights Day

Human Rights Day is celebrated annually across the world on 10 December every year.

The date was chosen to honour the United Nations General Assembly's adoption and proclamation, on 10 December 1948, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the first global enunciation of human rights and one of the first major achievements of the new United Nations. The formal establishment of Human Rights Day occurred at the 317th Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on 4 December 1950, when the General Assembly declared resolution 423(V), inviting all member states and any other interested organizations to celebrate the day as they saw fit.[1][2]

The day is normally marked both by high-level political conferences and meetings and by cultural events and exhibitions dealing with human rights issues. In addition it is traditionally on 10 December that the five-yearly United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights and Nobel Peace Prize are awarded. Many governmental and non-governmental organizations active in the human rights field also schedule special events to commemorate the day, as do many civil and social-cause organizations.
Human Rights Day is the day in 1948 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[3]

The formal inception of Human Rights Day dates from 1950, after the Assembly passed resolution 423(V) inviting all States and interested organizations to adopt 10 December of each year as Human Rights Day.[4] The popularity of the day can be shown by the fact that the commemorative Human Rights Day stamp issued by the United Nations Postal Administration in 1952, received approximately 200,000 advance orders
When the General Assembly adopted the Declaration, with 48 states in favour and eight abstentions, it was proclaimed as a "common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations", towards which individuals and societies should "strive by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance". The measure was received by both advocates and critics alike as "being more declarative than legislative, more suggestive than binding."[6]

Although the Declaration with its broad range of political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights is not a binding document, it inspired more than 60 human rights instruments which together constitute an international standard of human rights. Today the general consent of all United Nations Member States on the basic Human Rights laid down in the Declaration makes it even stronger and emphasizes the relevance of Human Rights in our[who?] daily lives.[according to whom?]

The High Commissioner for Human Rights, as the main United Nations rights official, and his Office play a major role in coordinating efforts for the yearly observation of Human Rights Day:

Today, poverty prevails as the gravest human rights challenge in the world. Combating poverty, deprivation and exclusion is not a matter of charity, and it does not depend on how rich a country is. By tackling poverty as a matter of human rights obligation, the world will have a better chance of abolishing this scourge in our lifetime... Poverty eradication is an achievable goal.

— UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Louise Arbour, 10 December 2006
The 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights occurred on 10 December 2008, and the UN Secretary-General launched a year-long campaign leading up to this anniversary.[7] Because the UDHR holds the world record as the most translated document (except for the Bible), organizations around the globe used the year to focus on helping people everywhere learn about their rights.

On 9 December 2001, President George W. Bush made a Presidential proclamation that Human Rights Week began on 9 December.[8] He also made the same proclamation on 10 December 2008
Date variance
In South Africa, Human Rights Day is celebrated on 21 March, in remembrance of the Sharpeville massacre which took place on 21 March 1960. This massacre occurred as a result of protests against the Apartheid regime in South Africa.[30] South African Human Rights Day was declared a national holiday when the ANC was elected as the government with Nelson Mandela as the first democratically elected leader.[31] Parliament's role on this day is to empower the people so that the democratic processes becomes known to all South Africans.[32]

It is celebrated on 11 December in Kiribati.

Sanna Marin

Sanna Mirella Marin (born 16 November 1985) is a Finnish politician and the incoming Prime Minister of Finland. A Social Democrat, she has been member of the Parliament of Finland since 2015 and the Minister of Transport and Communications between 6 June 2019 and 10 December 2019.[1]

After Antti Rinne left his position as prime minister, the Social Democratic Party of Finland selected Marin as its candidate for new prime minister on 8 December 2019.[2][3] If confirmed at the age of 34, Marin will become the world's youngest currently-serving prime minister, Finland's youngest-ever prime minister and Finland's third female prime minister
Early life
Marin was born in Helsinki and lived in Espoo and Pirkkala before moving to Tampere.[7]

Career
Marin graduated from the Pirkkala High School in 2004 at the age of 19.[8] She graduated from the University of Tampere with a Master of Administrative Sciences in 2017.[1] She entered politics at the age of 27.[8]

She served as the first Vice President of the Social Democratic Youth from 2010 to 2012.[9] She was named as one of the candidates of the party in 2012 but was not elected.[10]

In 2012, she was elected to the City Council of Tampere at the age of 27.[4][11] She was the chairperson of the City Council from 2013 to 2017. In 2017, she was re-elected to the City Council.[12] She is also a member of the Assembly of the Council of Tampere Region.[1] She was also a member of the Pirkanmaa Regional Council from 2013 to 2016.

Marin was elected second deputy chairperson of the Social Democratic Party in 2014.[1] In 2015 at the age of 30, she was elected to the Parliament of Finland as a MP from the electoral district of Pirkanmaa.[13][14] Four years later, she was re-elected.[15] On 6 June 2019, she became the Minister of Transport and Communications.[1]

In December 2019, she was nominated by the Social Democratic Party to succeed Antti Rinne as the Prime Minister of Finland. Rinne was widely criticised over the way he handled a postal strike, but will remain the formal leader of the party at least until a convention in June 2020.[16][17] She was narrowly preferred over her rival Antti Lindtman in a vote to decide the majority. It is reported that Sanna Marin will head the government formed by a five party coalition in which 12 out of 18 ministers in the cabinet will be women.[18][19]

Personal life
Marin describes herself as coming from a rainbow family as she is the child of same-sex parents.[20][21] She was also the only child in her family and was the first person in her family to attend university.[22] In January 2018, she had a child with her long-time partner Markus Räikköne

Ghostbusters Afterlife

Ghostbusters: Afterlife (titled Ghostbusters: Legacy in some European regions) is an upcoming American action comedy film directed by Jason Reitman and written by Reitman and Gil Kenan. The film stars Carrie Coon, Finn Wolfhard, Mckenna Grace, and Paul Rudd, while Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson, Sigourney Weaver, and Annie Potts reprise their roles from the original films. It is the direct sequel to Ghostbusters (1984) and Ghostbusters II (1989) and the fourth film, overall, in the Ghostbusters franchise. Set 30 years after Ghostbusters II, the story follows a family moving to a small town, where they learn more about who they are and the secrets of the town itself.

A third Ghostbusters film had been in various stages of development since Ghostbusters II in 1989. After Murray refused to commit to the project, and after the death of cast member Harold Ramis in 2014, Sony instead produced a reboot film. After the 2016 Ghostbusters underperformed at the box office, Reitman began developing a direct sequel to the original films. The new cast members were announced by July 2019, while the members from the original films signed on two months later.

Ghostbusters: Afterlife is scheduled for release in the United States on July 10, 2020, by Columbia Pictures through Sony Pictures Releasing.
Premise
After being evicted from their home, two children and their single mother move to Summerville, Oklahoma after inheriting property from their late grandfather. When the town experiences a series of unexplained earthquakes, the children discover their family's link to the original Ghostbusters, who have become something of a myth as many have long-since forgotten the events of the "Manhattan Crossrip of 1984", and the secret legacy that their grandfather left behind.[1]

Cast
Finn Wolfhard[2] as Trevor[1]
Mckenna Grace[3] as Phoebe[1]
Carrie Coon[2] as Callie[1]
Paul Rudd[4] as Mr. Grooberson[1]
Logan Kim as Phoebe's classmate[1]
Celeste O'Connor as Trevor's classmate
Bokeem Woodbine as Sheriff Domingo
Oliver Cooper[5]
Tracy Letts
Bill Murray as Dr. Peter Venkman[1][6]
Dan Aykroyd as Dr. Raymond "Ray" Stantz[7]
Ernie Hudson as Winston Zeddemore[7]
Sigourney Weaver as Dana Barrett[8]
Annie Potts as Janine Melnitz[9]
Production
Development
During the 1990s following the release of Ghostbusters II, Dan Aykroyd wrote a script for a third film tentatively titled Ghostbusters III: Hellbent.[10] The concept had the characters transported to an alternate universe version of Manhattan called Manhellton, where the people and places are "hellish" versions of Earth, with the Ghostbusters meeting and confronting the devil.[11][12] At the time, Aykroyd stated that the studio was interested, though the principal actors were not. It featured a new, younger group of Ghostbusters, while Ray, Egon, and Winston struggle to keep the business going upon Peter's relationship becoming serious with Dana.[12] Much of this concept was recycled years later, for Ghostbusters: The Video Game in 2009.

By 2004, movement on a sequel was revisited by the studio, though Bill Murray expressed his disinterest in the project stating that he dislikes sequels.[13] The following year, Ramis confirmed plans to introduce Ben Stiller into the principal cast.[11][14] By 2009, however development of the project had stalled.[10] Both Ramis and Aykroyd subsequently confirmed that the script calls for a new group of younger Ghostbusters, with the latter stating that the cast would feature a gender diversity and include new technology used by the titular team.[15] By January 2010, Reitman confirmed that he would be directing the film.[16][17] In March, Murray discussed development of the film, and his intentions to reprise his role.[18][19] A release was scheduled for Christmas 2012.[20] In the October issue of Vanity Fair, Aykroyd commented on the screenplay written by Gene Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg, stating that he was particularly impressed with how Murray's character had been written, and the implementation of the new team with the original team, while he and Ramis would work on a second draft of the script.[21]

By August 2011, Aykroyd stated that the plan was for the film to begin filming later that year, with the story of the mantle being assumed by the younger generation.[22][23] Later when Murray decided to pass on reprising the starring role, Aykroyd announced that all creatives involved were actively searching for an actor to replace him.[24] He also mentioned that he wanted Moranis to return as Louis Tully.[25] By February 2012, the film was placed on hold as the production team reevaluated the project. Without Murray, the studio searched for replacement actors and considered featuring his character as a CGI-rendered ghost.[26] By June, Murray again acknowledged that all involved were attempting to develop the third film once more before dropping out of the film the following month.[27][28][29] The next month, Aykroyd confirmed that the film was back in development, with a script re-write from Etan Cohen.[30] Aykroyd said of the script that "It's got to be perfect. That's the whole thing. There's no point in doing it unless it's perfect. So that's what we're up to now."[30] By September, Reitman announced the developments of a remake.[31] In May 2013, Aykroyd discussed plot points including real-life experiments being done by college students at Columbia University being source for inspiration. The plot will revolve around research being done by the university, which brings about threats from other dimensions with a new team of Ghostbusters forming to save Earth's plane of existence from supernatural threats.[32] The script reportedly wrote Murray's character in, with hopes that the actor would decide to join the production.[33]

After the death of Harold Ramis on February 24, 2014,[34] Sony Pictures stated that Ramis would be included through use of a cameo appearance. With the script needing to be reworked following Ramis' passing, the project was delayed once again.[35] By March 2015, it was confirmed that Reitman would not be directing the third film, but would remain as producer with plans to begin principal photography by early-2015.[36] Weaver later revealed that her character's son will feature as a member of the team.[37] The project was ultimately delayed as the studio searched for a director.

A new film connected to the original two films, tentatively titled Ghostbusters 3, was revealed in January 2019. Jason Reitman, son of original director Ivan Reitman, will direct from a script co-written by himself and Gil Kenan, while Ivan Reitman will serve as a producer.[38] According to The Hollywood Reporter's Borys Kit, the film will feature teenagers, two boys and two girls, as the new recruits for the titular team.[39] It is scheduled to be released on July 10, 2020.[40] The film was expected to start production in July 2019 in Calgary for about 15 weeks.[41][38]

Reitman has stated the film will likely ignore the events of 2016's Ghostbusters: Answer the Call, a reboot of the franchise which featured a female-led cast directed by Paul Feig. Reitman's decision drew ire from that film's star Leslie Jones on Twitter. Jones called this approach "so insulting" and ignoring the efforts that her cast and crew put out.[42] Later, in February 2019, Reitman stated on a podcast that this film will "hand the movie back to the fans". In response to those commentators that felt this approach was continuing the gender-driven controversy raised during production of the 2016 film, Reitman clarified that he did not mean to snub the 2016 film, and that he had "nothing but admiration" for Feig. Feig himself stated that Reitman had been a supporter of his film, and that he “can't wait to see his take on the Ghostbusters universe".[43] Reitman later explained the origins of his film, that the idea of a young teenage girl wanting to be a Ghostbuster had come to him, and with positive reaction from Feig's film, proved out that the idea that anyone could be a Ghostbuster would work. Reitman continued that the Ghostbusters franchise could readily expand on this idea with all types of people becoming Ghostbusters, personally thanking Feig for making this possible.[44] Aykroyd, of Reitman's script, stated "Jason Reitman wrote a beautiful, heartfelt script that takes the real DNA from the first two movies and transfers that directly to the third, the next generation. It hands the legacy off to a new generation of stars, and players, and actors, and characters."[45]

Casting
Mckenna Grace, Finn Wolfhard, and Carrie Coon were announced in March 2019, cast as the sister and brother with their single mother, respectively.[2][3] Reitman described Grace as an avid fan of the series and a perfect fit for his teenaged-girl Ghostbuster concept.[44] Wolfhard was unsure if he would get the role as he had already dressed up as a Ghostbuster during the second season of Stranger Things and that "Jason Reitman is probably not even going to look at my tape" because of that.[46] On June 27, 2019, Paul Rudd shared a video on the official Ghostbusters social media accounts revealing that he had been cast in the film, later confirmed to be Mr. Grooberson, the childrens' new teacher that knows of the Ghostbusters' legacy.[4][47][1] Newcomers Celeste O'Connor and Logan Kim were announced as cast in July 2019.[48]

In addition, Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson, Sigourney Weaver, and Annie Potts have been confirmed to be reprising their roles from the first two Ghostbusters films.[49][7][45]

Filming
Under the working title "Rust City", filming began on July 12, 2019 in Calgary, Alberta and area, and lasted until October. Location shooting in surrounding communities such as Crossfield and Beiseker[50] took place during July and August 2019. Additional locations around Alberta were also used.[51][52] On October 18, 2019, Reitman posted a photo on his Instagram account confirming that filming had wrapped after 68 days.[53]

Marketing
Prior to December 2019, the film was given the working title of Ghostbusters 2020. A very short teaser trailer was released on January 16, 2019.[54] A first look was released through Vanity Fair on December 6, 2019, officially revealing the title as Ghostbusters: Afterlife. The film's first trailer was released on December 9, 2019 and received positive reviews

YNW Melly

Jamell Maurice Demons (born May 1, 1999), known professionally as YNW Melly, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Gifford, Florida.[3] He is best known for his songs "Murder on My Mind" and "Mixed Personalities" featuring Kanye West. His single "Murder on My Mind" is considered YNW Melly's breakout, which garnered even further attention after the rapper was charged with double-murder. He released his debut album, We All Shine, on January 17, 2019, to generally positive reviews with critics.

In February 2019, he was arrested and charged with two counts of first-degree murder and faces life in prison or the death penalty if convicted.[4][5][6] He is also a suspect in the 2017 murder of a sheriff's deputy in Gifford.[7] In March 2019, Demons pleaded not guilty to the double-murder charges and is currently awaiting trial
Early life
YNW Melly was born on May 1, 1999, in Gifford, Florida to native Ohioan parents, Jamie Demons (Father) and Donte Taylor (Mother)[9]. Demons was raised by his single mother. She was 14 years old when she became pregnant with him, giving birth to him in the ninth grade. Later moving to a poorer part of Gifford, his mother struggled to pay for housing and necessaries. Demons joined the Bloods gang at a young age,[10] later posting his songs on SoundCloud when he was 15. In late 2015, Demons was arrested for shooting at a group of students near Vero Beach High School and subsequently convicted of aggravated battery, discharging a firearm in public, and two counts of aggravated assault, for which he served several months in prison.[11][12]

Career
In late 2017, while still incarcerated, Demons released his first project, an EP called Collect Call, which contained features from numerous well-known artists, including Lil B and John Wicks. In 2018, he released the singles "Virtual (Blue Balenciagas)", "Melly the Menace", and "Slang That Iron". Other singles include "4 Real", "Butter Pecan", and "Medium Fries".[13] The respective music videos have amassed 26 million, 16 million and 11 million views on YouTube, as of January 2019.

In August 2018, Demons released his debut album I Am You, which later appeared on the Billboard 200 at number 192 on January 10, 2019.[14]

On January 17, 2019, while incarcerated, Demons released We All Shine, his second commercial mixtape, consisting of 16 tracks.[15] The project featured collaborations with Kanye West and Fredo Bang.[16] A music video for "Mixed Personalities" featuring West was released with the album.

As of March 2019, Demons has amassed over 200 million streams on Spotify with over 10 million monthly listeners. His most streamed song is "Murder on My Mind", which was originally released as a single before being added to I Am You.[17]

Legal issues
Demons was arrested on June 30, 2018, in Fort Myers, Florida for possession of marijuana, possession of weapon or ammunition by a convicted felon and drug paraphernalia.[18]

Demons was again arrested on January 3, 2019, in Fort Myers for possession of marijuana.[19]

On February 12, 2019, Demons was charged with two counts of first-degree murder in connection with the October 2018 shooting deaths in Fort Lauderdale of two men described as his close friends, aspiring rappers Anthony "YNW Sakchaser" Williams, 21, and Christopher "YNW Juvy" Thomas Jr., 19. Authorities purport that Demons conspired with fellow YNW rapper Cortlen Henry, also known as YNW Bortlen, to stage the double-murder of Williams and Thomas Jr. and make it appear as if they were fatally injured in a drive by shooting. Henry allegedly drove the victims to the hospital where they later succumbed to their wounds.[20] Demons turned himself in on February 13, 2019.[21] He announced on his Instagram that

″No I did not get locked up in Washington , but I am turning myself in today... a couple months ago I lost my two brothers by violence and now the system want to find justice.. unfortunately a lot of rumors and lies are being said but no worries god is with me and my brother @ynw.bortlen and we want y’all to remember it’s a ynw Family I love you″

— @ynwmelly
On February 22, 2019, Complex reported that Demons and Cortlen Henry (YNW Bortlen) are now suspects in the fatal 2017 shooting of off-duty Indian River County Sheriff's Department deputy Gary Chambliss in Gifford

Abduction of Chloe Ayling

The abduction of Chloe Ayling occurred in July 2017 while Ayling, a British page 3 model, had travelled to Milan, Italy for a fake photo-shoot. There, she was abducted by two individuals claiming to be members of a criminal organisation called The Black Death Group. In June 2018, Lukasz Herba, a Polish national from the United Kingdom, was convicted in a Milan court of the kidnapping and sentenced to 16 years and nine months in prison. As of June 2019, the trial of his suspected accomplice, his older brother Michał Herba, remains in progress
Abduction
Ayling, from Coulsdon and aged 20 at the time of the incident, was working in London for Phil Green's Supermodel Agency. In March 2017, Green, a lawyer and part-time DJ, had previously brokered a failed photo-shoot in Paris for Ayling which was later revealed to have been a scheme[clarification needed] organised by Lukasz Herba, a 30-year-old Polish computer programmer from Oldbury, West Midlands, under the alias "Andre Lazio".[1][2] In July 2017, while Ayling was on a photo-shoot in Dubai, Green was contacted again by Lazio, requesting another attempt at the photo-shoot in Milan on 12 July.[1]

When Ayling did not return to the UK via Gatwick that night, her mother contacted Green. The next morning, Green received a ransom email, ostensibly from The Black Death Group and written by "MD" (another Herba alias) demanding €300,000 or else Ayling would be auctioned off as a sex-slave on the dark web on 16 July.[1][3][4] Green then contacted the UK consulate in Milan for support. Italian police then visited the address, which turned out to not be a photo studio at all. Inside, they found some of Ayling's clothes, and, in the absence of other evidence or emails, the investigation stalled. However, after six days, on Monday 17 July, Ayling and Herba turned up together at the Milan consulate, and suspicion quickly fell on the couple after CCTV footage of them together in public emerged.[1]

Trial
At his trial, the Italian court heard that Herba had injected Ayling with ketamine (as evidenced by an injection mark and traces of the drug in her hair), handcuffed and put her in a holdall bag, and drove her in the boot of a car to a house in Viù near Turin. Throughout the kidnapping, Herba had used his MD alias to try and befriend Ayling by manipulating the events of the kidnapping and the fictional auction. Herba claimed in his defence that he had fallen in love with Ayling and was trying to promote her career by creating a scandal.[5] On 11 June 2018, Herba was convicted of kidnapping and sentenced to 16 years and nine months in prison; Herba said in the closing statement of his trial that he was inspired after watching the movie By Any Means.[5]

Shortly into the investigation, Herba's brother, Michał Herba (37), who runs a transport logistics company called Her Trans Logistics Limited, was also arrested.[6] Michał Herba, who denies any involvement, is alleged to have participated in the kidnapping given the presence of an accomplice. Based on email and DNA evidence (his hair was found in the car's boot), he was extradited from the UK in October 2018, and is currently[when?] standing trial in the case.[1][7][8]

Aftermath
The case brought attention to "The Black Death Group", an organisation alleged to exist in Eastern Europe and operating on the dark web over frequently-changing URLs.[9][10] The group, involved with selling sex slaves to Saudi Arabia, was investigated by Interpol in 2015.[11][12] The group is known to have posted images of captives for sale; however, those postings are largely considered to be fake, since further investigation determined that they were taken from a pornographic film.[9]

Ayling and Green both wrote memoirs of the events. The British media, in particular, were quick to suspect the kidnapping was a publicity stunt,[13] although it later became clear from Ayling's testimony that she was not involved.[1] Ayling has also been criticised in the media for leveraging the event for the benefit of her career

Kubrat Pulev

Kubrat Venkov Pulev (Bulgarian: Кубрат Венков Пулев; born 4 May 1981) is a Bulgarian professional boxer. He held the European heavyweight title twice between 2012 and 2016, and has challenged once for the unified world heavyweight title in 2014. As an amateur he won multiple medals at international tournaments, including gold at the 2008 European Championships and bronze at the 2005 World Championships, all in the super-heavyweight division.

As of December 2019, he is ranked as the world's eighth best active heavyweight by BoxRec and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board and tenth by The Ring magazine.
Amateur career
Heavyweight
In February 2002, Pulev won the Strandzha Cup in his native Bulgaria. Pulev, who is nicknamed "The Cobra", beat Cuban world champion Odlanier Solís in the process. One month later, he lost a rematch to the Cuban at the Semifinal of the "Chemiepokal Cup". He could not participate at the Euros 2002 in Perm after breaking his arm in sparring.

At the World Championships 2003, he lost again in the first round to Odlanier Solís 7:12.

At the European boxing championships 2004 in Pula he defeated world class Alexander Povernov (World Championships Bronze medalist 2005). Pulev did not qualify for the Olympics despite the fact that he won the last qualifying tournament in Gothenburg. He had to settle for the first reserve place because the heavyweight division consists of only 16 fighters participating in the Olympic Games (other weight divisions have 48–81).

Super-heavyweight
Pulev beat Islam Timurziev at super-heavyweight at the Strandja Cup 2005. At the EU Championships he lost the final 18:24 to Italian southpaw Roberto Cammarelle. At the 2005 World Amateur Boxing Championships he won bronze, losing for the third time to Odlanier Solís 11:25.

In 2006, at the Chemiepokal he beat Vyacheslav Glazkov and Magomed Abdusalamov. He finished at third place at the European Championships in Plovdiv. After defeating Glazkov again he was easily beaten (RSCO) by former victim and eventual winner, Islam Timurziev of Russia.

In 2007. he won the Chemiepokal tournament and was regarded as one of the favorites at the 2007 World Amateur Boxing Championships, but had a bad draw and lost early to southpaw Olympic bronze medalist and eventual winner Roberto Cammarelle.

In 2008, he won the Strandja Cup once again beating PanAm Champion Robert Alfonso 19:9.

He beat Jaroslavas Jakšto and Marko Tomasović to qualify for the Olympics 2008. There he was upset in his first bout by young Colombian Óscar Rivas.[1]

In absence of Roberto Cammarelle, he beat Marko Tomasović, Roman Kapitonenko and Denis Sergeev to claim the European Championship.

At the 2009 World Amateur Boxing Championships he lost again to Roberto Cammarelle.

Professional career
Early career
Pulev turned professional, at the age of 28, in September 2009 at the Jahnsportforum in Neubrandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. He defeated Florian Benche via 2nd-round technical knockout. Pulev fought another three times in the next three months, winning them all. He ended his first professional year with 4 wins and no losses.

Career from 2012–2013
Pulev vs. Dimitrenko, Ustinov
Pulev got his first title opportunity when it was announced in March 2012 he would fight Alexander Dimitrenko (32-1, 21 KOs) on the Marco Huck vs. Ola Afolabi WBO cruiserweight championship undercard on 5 May in Erfurt, Germany for the vacant EBU European Heavyweight Championship.[2] Pulev and his trainer Otto Ramin expected a tough fight although Dimitrenko hadn't fought since September 2012.[3] Pulev was outweighed by 12 pounds at the weigh in, coming in at 245 pounds.[4] Dimitrenko started the fight well, using his height and reach to his advantage. He also moved well on his feet to avoid punishment. In round 4, Pulev began to find his range and began countering and landing some power punch combinations of his own, rocking Dimitrenko at times. Pulev's punches were much more effective than his opponents. Dimitrenko looked faded as he entered round 11. Pulev landed a jab which slowly dropped Dimitrenko to a knee. At this point, he had taken a lot of punishment and remained down. Referee Guido Cavalleri counted him out, giving Pulev an 11th round KO win.[5][6]

On 1 August 2012, it was announced that Pulev would defend his European and IBF International heavyweight titles against unbeaten Belarus boxer Alexander Ustinov (27-0, 21 KOs) on 29 September in Hamburg. At the time, due to being the EBA heavyweight champion, Ustinov was not ranked by the EBU. Ustinov vacated the title and the EBU confirmed he would be included in September's rankings. The fight was also set to be an IBF eliminator.[7] Ustinov weighed in over 300 pounds on the scales. Pulev dominated the fight from the opening bell working well behind his jab and landing the harder shots. Pulev maintained the balance attack and landed more punches in round 11. Ustinov, after a slow reaction, took a knee and eventually counted out.[8]

By early-June 2013, the IBF had finally updated its heavyweight division rankings, making Pulev the official #1 contender for its heavyweight title.[9][10]

On 21 June, the EBU confirmed Alexander Dimitrenko as Pulev's mandatory challenger. They set the purse bid deadline for 10 July.[11] On 18 July, Dimitrenko vacated his mandatory position. The EBU announced that Pulev would fight the next highest ranked fighter instead.[12]

Pulev vs. Thompson, Abell
Having not fought in 11 months, Pulev next fought on 24 August 2013 against former world title challenger Tony Thompson (38-3, 26 KOs) in a final eliminator in Schwerin, Germany. Thompson was coming off back to back wins against British contender David Price.[13] The fight went the 12 round distance with Pulev announced the winner. The three judges scored the fight 116–112, 118–110, and 117–111 in his favour. Thompson started off slow and defensive, but never landed anything of note during the fight. Pulev outlanded Thompson 80-28 in the final four rounds. In total, Pulev landed 145 of 405 punches thrown (36%) and Thompson connected 141 of his 419 thrown (34%).[14][15][16]

On 8 October, EBU announced Pulev as their mandatory challenger for heavyweight champion Dereck Chisora. Prior to Pulev vacating the title, Chisora was his mandatory challenger, before capturing the vacant title. There was no date set for purse bids.[17] On 3 December, it was announced that Pulev would 'stay busy', whilst waiting for the Klitschko fight, and fight on 14 December against veteran Sherman Williams (36-13-2, 19 KO's) at the Jahnsportforum in Neubrandenburg.[18] A few days before the fight, Williams pulled out of the fight with an injury and replaced with American Joey Abell (29-6, 28 KOs).[19] Pulev won the bout when Abell retired in his corner after round 4. Pulev started the fight slow with Abell landing counters, however Pulev found his rhythm in round 2. Abell started well in round 4, dropping Pulev with a counter punch. Pulev got up immediately and dropped Abell three times in the round, all from body shots. During the interval, referee Charlie Fitch stopped the fight.[20][21]

Career from 2014–2016
Starting the year 2014, whilst still waiting on the world title fight with Klitschko, who was due to satisfy his WBO mandatory in April against Alex Leapai, Pulev stated he would fight again in Rostock on 5 April.[22] A month later, talks resumed for a fight between Pulev and Chisora. A purse bid date was set for 18 March. The fight would also serve as a WBO eliminator for Klitschko, despite Pulev already being IBF #1 ranked.[23] Pulev later confirmed that he would fight American boxer Elijah McCall (12-3, 11 KOs) on the Braehmer vs. Maccarinelli undercard. Elijah was known for being the son of former WBC heavyweight champion Oliver McCall.[24] A day later, McCall pulled out of the fight. Sauerland Event stated, "after agreeing 2 fight & docs being received. McCall watched tape of Pulev and pulled out of undercard bout."[25] American Joey Dawejko was announced as the replacement.[26] A day later, Ivica Perkovic (20-23, 15 KOs) replaced Dawejko, who also withdrew from the bout.[27] On fight night, Pulev stopped Perkovic in three rounds.[28]

Pulev vs. Klitschko
The IBF finally ordered Wladimir Klitschko vs. Pulev on 8 May 2014 and given 30 days negotiation period.[29] Klitschko's manager Bernd Boente stated that a potential fight with WBC champion Bermane Stiverne was their main priority, a fight which would see all of the heavyweight belts at stake. Kalle Sauerland stated that he would request to get Klitschko (62-3, 52 KOs) stripped of the IBF title if he didn't fight Pulev. At the same time Deontay Wilder was named Stiverne's mandatory and the WBC stated he must fight Wilder next.[30] With IBF purse bid split being 75-25 in favour of the champion, Klitschko requested the split be 80–20 in his favour. The IBF accepted the request.[31] A purse bid took place on 17 June, which was won by K2 Promotions. The winning bid was $7.25 million. Sauerland Event put in a bid for $5.29 million. As per the bid, K2 had the location set as O2 World Arena in Hamburg, with a possible date being 6 September 2014.[32] In August, Klitschko suffered a bicep injury, thus postponing the fight by at least two months. A new date of 15 November was set.[33] HBO announced that they would air the fight live in the afternoon, making it the 19th Klitschko fight they would show.[34] Two days before the fight, it was revealed only the IBF title would be at stake for Pulev as he and his team, however if Klitschko loses, the remaining titles would be vacated.[35]

Despite making a spirited effort, Pulev suffered three knockdowns en route to being knocked out in round five by a devastating left hook. The time of stoppage was recorded as 2:11 of round 5. In the post-fight, Pulev said, "Wladimir is a really good opponent, but he was lucky. I want a rematch". Klitschko praised Pulev, calling him a tough competitor.[36][37] CompuBox stats showed that Klitschko landed 38 of 89 punches thrown (43%), this included 47% of his power punches. Pulev managed to land only 25 of his 110 thrown (23%). This was made up of 10 jabs and 15 power shots landed.[38] The fight drew 10.5 million viewers in Germany[39] and 1.8 million viewers in Bulgaria (becoming the most watched sports event on the Bulgarian TV since 2007).[40] The fight also averaged 620,000 viewers on HBO and peaked at 700,000 viewers.[41]

Back to winning ways
Pulev signed an contract extension with Team Sauerland on 11 February 2015. it was also revealed that Pulev would not be trained by well known German coach Ulli Wegner.[42]

Following his first professional defeat, Pulev took 11 months out, before returning to the ring on 17 October 2015 against 41-year-old journeyman George Arias (56-13, 42 KOs) in an 8-round bout. The fight was scheduled to take place at the DM-Arena in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg. Pulev also announced that he would be working with German legendary coach Ulli Wegner.[43] The fight went the distance as Pulev won a unanimous decision with scores of 80–71, 80–71, and 79–73.[44][45]

His next fight took place in December 2015 against American journeyman and former USBA heavyweight champion Maurice Harris, the fight lasted all of 100 seconds as Pulev knocked Harris down and out.[46][47]

Pulev vs. Chisora, Peter
On 15 March 2016, it was announced that Pulev would fight fellow former European champion and world title challenger Dereck Chisora (25-5, 17 KOs), in an IBF title eliminator for the vacant European heavyweight title at the Barclaycard Arena in Hamburg on 7 May 2016.[48][49] Despite what had seemed a fairly comfortable points win for Pulev, which saw him control the fight behind the jab, the fight ended in a split decision, with two judges scoring it 118–110 and 116–112 in Pulev's favour while the third scored it 115–113 for Chisora.[50][51]

On 1 November 2016, it was announced that Pulev would fight returning former heavyweight world champion Samuel Peter (36-5, 29 KOs) on 3 December at the Arena Armeec in Sofia, Bulgaria.It was the first time in his professional career fighting in his home country.[52] On 22 November, Pulev decided to vacate the EBU title instead entering purse bids against mandatory Mariusz Wach.[53] Peter weighed 271 pounds for the fight. In front of 15,000 at the Arena Armeec, Pulev defeated Peter via a 3rd round RTD to win the vacant WBA Inter-Continental heavyweight title. The fight was stopped after round three when Peter was forced to retire after dislocating his right shoulder. Pulev was the more accurate and active boxer and managed to land the clear punches. He was ahead 30–27 on all three judges' scorecards after round 3.[54]

Career from 2017–present
Pulev vs. Johnson
On 21 March 2017, Team Sauerland announced that Pulev would once again return to the Arena Armeec in Sofia, Bulgaria against another returning boxer, 37 year old former world title challenger Kevin Johnson (30-7-1, 14 KOs) of the United States. Johnson made a return to boxing, following his first knockout loss to Anthony Joshua in 2015, on 11 March in an eight-round unanimous decision win against Jamal Woods. The fight took place on 28 April 2017.[55] The fight went 12 rounds, but inflicted with foul play. Pulev controlled all the rounds winning 120–108 on two judges cards and 119–109 on the third judges card. Pulev got away with rabbit punching throughout the fight. In round 8, referee Terry O’Connor warned Pulev, however he continued to do so. Johnson fought on the back foot, although he hit Pulev with some clean shots, it wasn't enough to win the rounds.[56] The win kept Pulev in line for a future IBF world title shot, winning his fifth consecutive fight since his sole loss to Wladimir Klitschko and also retaining his WBA Inter-Continental heavyweight title.[57][58]

Cancelled world title fight
On 10 December 2016, Anthony Joshua knocked out Eric Molina in the third round and the Joshua vs. Klitschko fight was officially announced.[59] WBA president Gilberto J. Mendoza confirmed that the winner will have to face mandatory challenger Luis Ortiz next, with deadlines due to be set after the unification fight.[60][61] A day later the IBF announced the winner must fight their mandatory challenger Pulev. Because of this clashing with the WBA enforcing their mandatory, it was believed that either Joshua or Klitschko would have to vacate a title.[62] On 7 June 2017, the IBF granted Joshua an exception for him to rematch Klitschko instead of fighting mandatory challenger Pulev. At this point, it was not said that the rematch would take place. Klitschko said he needed time to review his situation before agreeing to a rematch. It was only weeks after the fight, when Eddie Hearn filed the paperwork to the IBF to request the exception to the mandatory defense. IBF explained that the rematch must take place no later than 2 December 2017 and the winner must fight Pulev next with no exceptions.[63]

On 3 August 2017, Klitschko announced on his website and social media channels that he was retiring from boxing.[64][65] On 4 August, upon learning that Klitschko had retired, the IBF immediately ordered Joshua and Pulev to fight next, with a deal needing to be reached by 3 September 2017.[66] The WBA then ordered Joshua to make his mandatory defence against their top ranked fighter Luis Ortiz, giving them 30 days to reach a deal.[67] According to Hearn, the plan going forward was to fight Pulev next, following by Ortiz and then a potential unification fight against Deontay Wilder.[68] On 22 August, details between the camps of Joshua and Pulev were being discussed and close to being finalised for the date of 28 October 2017, with Las Vegas as the potential host.[69]

On 28 August, it was announced that Joshua and Pulev would fight at the Principality Stadium in Cardiff.[70] Promoter Eddie Hearn made the official announcement on 5 September, "I'm delighted that we will be in Cardiff at the magnificent Principality Stadium for the next step of the AJ journey. Nearly 80,000 will gather on Oct. 28 to create another unforgettable night of boxing. Anthony will meet his mandatory challenger, [IBF] No. 1-ranked Kubrat Pulev, and the card will be stacked with world championship action, domestic title fights and the very best young stars in the game. Get ready for the next episode from the biggest star in world boxing."[71] The official press conference took place on 11 September and the following day, a reported 70,000 tickets had been sold, making it the fastest selling event. It also set the record of largest boxing attendance to be expected indoors. The previous record was Muhammad Ali vs. Leon Spinks rematch which gathered 63,000 fans at the New Orleans Superdrome in 1978.[72] On 16 October, rumours circulated that Pulev had suffered an injury, which could see the fight being in jeopardy. The same reports suggested the injury was 10 days old, but Pulev's camp had kept it quiet.[73] The injury was later revealed to be true and 36-year-old Carlos Takam (35-3-1, 27 KOs), who was ranked number 3 by the IBF stepped in to replace Pulev on 12 days notice. Eddie Hearn said in a statement that he received a phone call from Pulev's promoter Kalle Sauerland, advising him of a shoulder injury he sustained during sparring. Hearn revealed when the Joshua vs. Pulev fight was made, he reached out to Takam's camp, knowing they would be next in line and told them to begin a training camp and stay on standby.[74]

Pulev vs. Hughie Fury
In March 2018, the IBF ordered Pulev vs. Dominic Breazeale for a final eliminator, however Breazeale refused to take part. In April, the IBF ordered Pulev to fight British boxer Dillian Whyte (23-1, 17 KOs). A purse bid was set for 10 May.[75] The purse bids were delayed as a deal between Eddie Hearn and Team Sauerland, Pulev's promoter was close to being agreed. The IBF gave them until 24 May.[76] Despite Whyte stating that Pulev did not want the fight, Pulev stated he was more than happy to fight Whyte, but "a lot of things need to be agreed" before the fight could be confirmed. According to Nisse Sauerland, the date of 28 July was being discussed with the host venue being either London or Bulgaria.[77][78] New York based promotional company, Epic Sports & Entertainment made a purse bid of $1,500,111, winning the rights of the fight. Hearn offered $831,111, which was higher than the $801,305 bid from Team Sauerland. IBF ruling states for a final eliminator, the higher ranked boxer, in this case was Pulev, would get 75% ($1,125,083.25) and Whyte would earn $375,027.75 for the fight.[79][80] On 7 June, Whyte pulled out of the fight and instead Matchroom announced he would be fighting former WBO champion Joseph Parker in London on 28 July.[81] Pulev was unhappy with the pull out and labelled Whyte and Hearn as 'extreme manipulators and plain schizophrenics' as well as accusing them of avoiding him at all costs.[82]

On 16 June, the IBF then ordered Pulev against their #3 ranked American boxer Jarrell Miller 21-0, 18 KO).[83] On 25 June, at the purse bid, Epic Sports & Entertainment made the winning bid of $2,111,111, much higher than the $1,000,010, which was placed by Team Sauerland. The bid meant Miller would be earning his highest purse at $527,777.75 US dollars.[84] According to Epic Sports, the contracts were sent within two days of the purse bid. By 2 July, there was no deal made. It was said that Miller's camp were stalling, likely due to the fight taking place in Bulgaria. Miller's promoter Dmitry Salita confirmed negotiations were still ongoing however the biggest hurdle was the venue. According to IBF public relations director Jeanette Salazar, Miller had 15 days from when he received the contract to agree or the IBF would go back to the rankings. At the time, the next highest challenger was Hughie Fury (21-1, 11 KO), who was inserted at #5 by the IBF in June.[85][86] Negotiations between Pulev and Miller broke down on 10 July.[87] The IBF ordered a purse bid to take place on 9 August.[88] On the morning, the IBF pushed the date of the bid to 16 August.[89] However on that same date, the fight was agreed from both parties and was announced to take place in Sofia, Bulgaria on 27 October 2018.[90][91]

Pulev defeated Fury via a 12 round unanimous decision to become the mandatory challenger for IBF heavyweight title. The scores were 117–111, 118–110, and 115–113. After a good start by Fury, he could not overcome a cut that opened up in round 2, which altered his mindset and game plan. Fury had suffered the cut over his left eye during training camp and Pulev took advantage by opening it up again. With the cut bleeding bad, it forced Hughie to fight more aggressively but cautiously. After the fight, Peter Fury said, “Hughie came into the fight with a cut above the eye. He was stitched up two weeks ago but they [the doctors] said it would heal in time for the fight and obviously it didn’t.” He praised Fury for his efforts after the cut was open.[92][93] Pulev used his jab often, until round 4, he started unloading on more power shots. Fury spent the majority of the second half of the fight trying to counter Pulev, however was unable to land any meaningful shot. As the fight went on, Pulev's jab became much stronger and accurate, although Pulev was caught with a right hand in round 8. Pulev clinched after being wobbled and took back control in round 9. By round 11, Fury seemed tired and spent most of the final two rounds boxing with his back against the ropes. Fury believed the cut was what ultimately lost him the fight.[94][95]

Signing with Top Rank
On 8 December 2018 Top Rank announced they had signed Pulev on a co-promotional multiyear deal. Bob Arum revealed the plan for 2019 was to have Pulev main event a card on ESPN against a known, in preparation for a future Anthony Joshua showdown. Arum had been interested in signing Pulev since they made a deal with Epic Sports to broadcast Pulev's fight against Hughie Fury on ESPN+.[96]

Kissgate
On March 23 2019, after defeating Bogdan Dinu in Costa Mesa, Pulev forcibly kissed a female reporter Jennifer Ravalo on the lips during an interview. The California State Athletic Commission responded by suspending Pulev's licence. In response, Kubrat's younger brother, Tervel Pulev, posted a video taken hours after the incident without the knowledge of Ravalo, showing her suggestively dancing with a member of Kubrat’s entourage.[97] On March 28, 2019, Ravalo has announced that she would be taking legal action against Pulev with Gloria Allred as her lawyer.[98][99] On July 24, 2019, Pulev had his boxing license reinstated by the CSAC after he completed his sexual harassment prevention class, with a caveat that his license will be revoked if similar offenses were to occur.[100]

Personal life
Pulev has a younger brother, Tervel Pulev, who is also a professional boxer. Both of the brothers have been named after Medieval Bulgarian rulers - Kubrat and Tervel. Pulev has declined lucrative financial offers to represent Germany, viewing it as a matter of principle not to change his national allegiance. Pulev has been in a relationship with a Bulgarian singer Andrea since 2006.[101][102] He is a member of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church.

Golden Globes 2020

The Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association beginning in January 1944,[1] recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign.

The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented, is a major part of the film industry's awards season, which culminates each year in the Academy Awards. The eligibility period for the Golden Globes corresponds to the calendar year (i.e. January 1 through December 31). The 76th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film and television in 2018, were held on January 6, 2019. The 77th Golden Globe Awards will take place on January 5, 2020
History
The 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, were held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at various venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel and the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel.[1]

In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish a special honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as an international figure within the entertainment industry, the first award was presented to director and producer, Cecil B. DeMille. The official name of the award thus became the Cecil B. DeMille Award.[3]

Beginning in 1963, the trophies commenced to be handed out by one or more persons (exclusively female at first) referred to as "Miss Golden Globe", a title renamed on January 5, 2018 to "Golden Globe Ambassador". The holders of the position were, traditionally, the daughters or sometimes the sons of a celebrity, and as a point of pride, these often continued to be contested among celebrity parents.[4]

In 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned (but not for the first time in its history). The New York firm Society Awards collaborated for a year with the Hollywood Foreign Press Association to produce a statuette that included a unique marble and enhanced the statuette's quality and gold content. It was unveiled at a press conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show.[5]

Revenues generated from the annual ceremony have enabled the Hollywood Foreign Press Association to donate millions of dollars to entertainment-related charities, as well as funding scholarships and other programs for future film and television professionals. The most prominent beneficiary is the Young Artist Awards, presented annually by the Young Artist Foundation, established in 1978 by Hollywood Foreign Press member Maureen Dragone, to recognize and award excellence of young Hollywood performers under the age of 21 and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically or financially challenged.[6][7][8]

Rules
Eligibility
The qualifying eligibility period for all nominations is the calendar year from January 1 through December 31.[9]

Voice-over performances and cameo appearances in which persons play themselves are disqualified from all of the film and TV acting categories.

Films must be at least 70 minutes and released for at least a seven-day run in the Greater Los Angeles area, starting prior to midnight on December 31. Films can be released in theaters, on pay-per-view, or by digital delivery.[9]

For the Best Foreign Language Film category, films do not need to be released in the United States. At least 51 percent of the dialogue must be in a language other than English, and they must first be released in their country of origin during a 14-month period from November 1 to December 31 prior to the Awards. However, if a film was not released in its country of origin due to censorship, it can still qualify if it had a one-week release in the United States during the qualifying calendar year. There is no limit to the number of submitted films from a given country.[9]

A TV program must air in the United States between the prime time hours of 8:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m (or 7:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m on Sundays). A show can air on broadcast television, on basic or premium cable, or by digital delivery; it does not qualify if it is only on pay-per-view or via digital delivery of film. Also, a TV show must either be made in the United States or be a co-production financially and creatively between an American and a foreign production company. Furthermore, reality and non-scripted shows are disqualified.[9]

For a television film, it cannot be entered in both the film and TV categories, and instead should be entered based on its original release format. If it was first aired on American television, then it can be entered into the TV categories. If it was released in theaters or on pay-per-view, then it should instead be entered into the film categories. A film festival showing does not count towards disqualifying what would otherwise be a TV program.[9]

Actors in a TV series must appear in at least six episodes during the qualifying calendar year. Actors in a TV film or miniseries must appear in at least five percent of the time in that TV film or miniseries.[9]

Screening requirements
Active HFPA members need to be invited to an official screening of each eligible film directly by its respective distributor or publicist. The screening must take place in the Greater Los Angeles area, either before the film's release or up to one week afterwards. The screening can be a regular screening in a theater with the public or a press screening; it does not need to be an HFPA member-only event. The screening must also be cleared with the Motion Picture Association of America so there are not scheduling conflicts with other official screenings.[9]

For TV programs, they must merely be available to be seen by HFPA members in any common format, including the original TV broadcast.

Nominations and voting
Entry forms for films need to be received by the HFPA within ten days of the official screening. TV programs should be submitted "as early as possible" before the deadline.[9]

As part of their regular journalistic jobs, active HFPA members will participate in covering the press conferences, and interviewing cast members, of selected films and TV programs. The film press conferences need to take place either before the film's release in the Greater Los Angeles area or up to one week afterwards.[9]

Ballots to select the nominations are sent to HFPA members in November, along with a "Reminder List" of eligible film and TV programs.[10] Each HFPA member then votes for their top five choices in each category, numbering them 5 to 1, with 5 being their top choice. The nominees in each category are then the five selections that receive the most votes. The ranked voting is only used to break ties, with number 5 worth 5 points, number 4 worth 4 points, and so on.[9]

After the nominations are announced in mid-December, HFPA members receive the final ballots.[10] The winner in each category is selected from among the nominees by plurality voting. In case of a tie, the winner is the one that had the most votes on the nomination ballot.[9]

Ceremony
The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars and the Grammy Awards. Since 2010, it was televised live in all United States time zones. Until Ricky Gervais hosted in 2010, the award ceremony was one of two major Hollywood award ceremonies (the other being the Screen Actors Guild Awards) that did not have a regular host; every year a different presenter introduced the ceremony at the beginning of the broadcast. Gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years.[11] Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2013 through 2015. The Golden Globe Awards' theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi.[citation needed]

Since 1993, Dick Clark Productions has produced the ceremony with NBC as broadcaster; its involvement came at a time of instability for the Golden Globes, including reduced credibility and having lost its contract with CBS (the interim period saw it contract with cable network TBS to air the ceremony). Enthusiastic over Clark's commitment, the HFPA's contract contained an unusual provision granting Dick Clark Productions the role of producer in perpetuity, as long as it continued to maintain a broadcast rights deal for the ceremony with NBC.[12]

In 2010, Dick Clark Productions reached an extension with NBC through 2018. However, the deal was negotiated without the HFPA's knowledge. The HFPA sued DCP over the deal, as well as claims that the company was attempting to sell digital rights that it did not hold; the HFPA had wanted a new contract that would grant them a larger share of revenue from the telecast. In April 2012, judge Howard Matz upheld the NBC perpetuity clause and ruled in favor of DCP, noting that the HFPA had a history of "unbusiness-like display[s] of misplaced priorities" and "[succumbing] to bouts of pronounced turmoil and personal feuds", in contrast to DCP, which had been "represented by one experienced executive who was adept at dealing fairly and effectively with the often amateurish conduct of HFPA." Matz pointed out examples of the HFPA's enthusiasm over the relationship and their desire to "not get cancelled", such as having disregarded its own bylaws by approving an extension in 2001 without a formal vote. The case was taken to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.[12]

In 2014, Dick Clark Productions and the HFPA reached a settlement; details were not released, but DCP committed to continue its role as producer through at least the end of its current contract with NBC, and to work with the HFPA to "expand the brand with unique and exciting entertainment experiences". NBC held a right of first refusal to renew its contract beyond 2018, but bidding was to be open to other broadcasters;[13][14] in September 2018, NBC agreed to renew its rights to the Golden Globes through 2027, maintaining the current broadcast arrangement and the involvement of Dick Clark Productions.[15][16]

2008 disruption
Due to threats of writers picketing the event as part of the ongoing Writers Guild of America strike, the 65th Golden Globe Awards ceremony was cancelled and replaced by an hour-long press conference to announce the winners. To replace the ceremony, NBC aired the two-hour Dateline special Going for Gold (originally scheduled as counterprogramming for an NFL playoff game the previous night). While NBC was initially intended to be the exclusive broadcaster of the press conference, the HFPA ultimately allowed other broadcasters to air it. The decision prompted broadcasts from CNN, as well as E! and TV Guide Network (who aired pre- and post-show analysis, downsized from their typical red carpet coverage of major awards shows). Ultimately, NBC did not air the live, 32-minute press conference, and instead aired an hour-long NBC News special where Access Hollywood hosts Billy Bush and Nancy O'Dell relayed the results over an hour with commercials.[17][18][19][20][21]

Categories
Motion picture awards
Best Motion Picture – Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy: since 1951
Best Motion Picture – Foreign Language: since 1948
Best Motion Picture – Animated: since 2006
Best Director – Motion Picture: since 1943
Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: since 1951
Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama: since 1943 (separated in 1951)
Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: since 1951
Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture: since 1943
Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture: since 1943
Best Screenplay – Motion Picture: since 1947
Best Original Score – Motion Picture: since 1947
Best Original Song – Motion Picture: since 1961
Cecil B. DeMille Award for Lifetime Achievement in Motion Pictures: since 1951
Television awards
Best Television Series – Drama: since 1962
Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy: since 1962
Best Miniseries or Television Film: since 1971
Best Actor – Television Series Drama: since 1961
Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy: since 1961
Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film: since 1981
Best Actress – Television Series Drama: since 1961
Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy: since 1961
Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film: since 1981
Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film: since 1970
Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film: since 1970
Carol Burnett Award for Lifetime Achievement in Television: since 2019
Retired awards
Best Documentary Film • Awarded from 1972 to 1976
Best English-Language Foreign Film • Awarded from 1957 to 1973
New Star of the Year – Actor • Awarded from 1948 to 1983
New Star of the Year – Actress • Awarded from 1948 to 1983
Henrietta Award (World Film Favorite – Female) • Awarded from 1950 to 1979[22]
Henrietta Award (World Film Favorite – Male) • Awarded from 1950 to 1979
Best Film Promoting International Understanding • Awarded from 1945 to 1963[23]
Golden Globe Award for Best Cinematography • Awarded from 1948 to 1953, in 1955 and in 1963.
Superlatives
Acting
In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, while including her bestowment of the honorary Cecil B. DeMille Award she has nine wins. Including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand tied this record with nine. Additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born), producing the Best Picture (Comedy/Musical) (A Star Is Born in the ceremony held in 1977), and directing Yentl in 1984. Alan Alda, Angela Lansbury, Shirley MacLaine and Jack Nicholson have six awards each. Behind them are Ed Asner, Carol Burnett, Jessica Lange and Rosalind Russell with five wins.

At the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred: a three-way tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama (Jodie Foster for The Accused, Shirley MacLaine for Madame Sousatzka, and Sigourney Weaver for Gorillas in the Mist).

Most nominations
Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with 31 (as of the 2017 nominations) and John Williams is second with 26. Jessica Lange is the second actress with the most nominations at 16 nominations.

Directing
In the category for Best Director, Elia Kazan leads with four wins, followed by Clint Eastwood, Oliver Stone, Miloš Forman, David Lean and Martin Scorsese with three wins each. Steven Spielberg holds the record for most nominations with twelve (as of the 2017 nominations). Francis Ford Coppola, Clint Eastwood and Steven Soderbergh are the only directors to receive two nominations in the same year. As of the 75th Golden Globe Awards, Barbra Streisand is the only woman to have won an award for best director; she won for Yentl in 1983.

Other
Two Acting Wins in Same Year
Only four people have won two acting awards in the same year:
Sigourney Weaver (1989)
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, Gorillas in the Mist
Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, Working Girl
Joan Plowright (1993)
Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, Enchanted April
Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Miniseries or TV Film, Stalin
Helen Mirren (2007)
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, The Queen
Best Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film, Elizabeth I
Kate Winslet (2009)
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, Revolutionary Road
Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture, The Reader
Most awards won by a single film
One film has won seven Golden Globe Awards.
La La Land (2016)
Two films have won six Golden Globe Awards.
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975)
Midnight Express (1978)
Four films have won five Golden Globe Awards.
Doctor Zhivago (1965)
Love Story (1970)
The Godfather (1972)
A Star Is Born (1976)
Most nominations received by a single film
Nashville, with nine nominations
Highest Sweep (Winning every nominated category)
La La Land won all seven Golden Globes that it was nominated for.
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest won all six of its nominations.
Both Doctor Zhivago and A Star Is Born won all five that they were respectively nominated for.
Most nominations without winning an award
Motion Picture: Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, Foul Play and The Godfather Part III, all with seven nominations.
Television: Will & Grace with 30 nominations (as of the 76th Golden Globe Awards).
Youngest person to win an award
Ricky Schroder winning New Star of the Year – Actor in 1980 (9 years old).
Oldest person to win an award
Ennio Morricone winning Best Original Score for The Hateful Eight (87 years old).
Criticism
1968–1974 NBC broadcast ban
The HFPA has had a lucrative contract with NBC for decades,[24] which began broadcasting the award ceremony locally in Los Angeles in 1958, then nationally in 1964. However, in 1968, the Federal Communications Commission claimed the show "misled the public as to how the winners were determined" (allegations included that winners were determined by lobby; to motivate winners to show up to the awards ceremony winners were informed if they did not attend another winner would be named). The FCC admonished NBC for participating in the scandal. Subsequently, NBC refused to broadcast the ceremony from 1968 until after 1974.[25][26]

Pia Zadora awarded "New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture" in 1982
In 1982, Pia Zadora won a Golden Globe in the category "New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture – Female" for her performance in Butterfly, over such competition as Elizabeth McGovern (Ragtime) and Kathleen Turner (Body Heat).[27] Accusations were made that the Foreign Press Association members had been bought off.[28] Zadora's husband, multimillionaire Meshulam Riklis, flew voting members to his casino, the Riviera Hotel in Las Vegas, which gave the appearance that they voted for Zadora to repay this. Riklis also invited voting members to his house for a lavish lunch and a showing of the film. He also spent a great deal on advertising.[29] Furthermore, Zadora had made her film debut some 17 years earlier as a child performer in Santa Claus Conquers the Martians.[30]

The Tourist for Best Musical/Comedy nominations in 2011
The nominations for the 2011 Golden Globes drew initial skepticism, as the Hollywood Foreign Press Association nominated The Tourist in its Best Musical/Comedy category, although it was originally advertised as a spy thriller, and also one of the most panned films of the season with host, Ricky Gervais, even jokingly asking the main star of the film, Johnny Depp, if he had seen it. Rumors then surfaced that Sony, the distributor of The Tourist, had influenced Globes voters with an all-expenses-paid trip to Las Vegas, culminating in a concert by Cher.