ESPNcricinfo

ESPNcricinfo[4] (formerly known as Cricinfo[5] or CricInfo) is a sports news website exclusively for the game of cricket. The site features news, articles, live coverage of cricket matches (including liveblogs and scorecards), and StatsGuru, a database of historical matches and players from the 18th century to the present. As of March 2018, Sambit Bal was the editor.[6] The site, originally conceived in a pre-World Wide Web form in 1993 by Simon King,[7] was acquired in 2002 by the Wisden Group—publishers of several notable cricket magazines and the Wisden Cricketers' Almanack. As part of an eventual breakup of the Wisden Group, it was sold to ESPN, jointly owned by The Walt Disney Company and Hearst Corporation, in 2007.
History
CricInfo was launched on 15 March 1993 by Simon King, a British researcher at the University of Minnesota and Badri Seshadri with help from students and researchers at universities around the world.[8][9]

The site was reliant on contributions from fans around the world who spent hours compiling electronic scorecards and contributing them to CricInfo's comprehensive archive, as well as keying in live scores from games around the world using CricInfo's scoring software, "dougie".[10][11] In 2000, Cricinfo's estimated worth was $150 million; however it faced difficulties the following year as a result of the dotcom crash.[12]

Cricinfo's significant growth in the 1990s made it an attractive site for investors during the peak of the dotcom boom, and in 2000 it received $37 million worth of Satyam Infoway Ltd. shares in exchange for a 25% stake in the company (a valuation of around £100 million). It used around $22m worth of the paper to pay off initial investors but only raised about £6 million by selling the remaining stock. While the site continued to attract more and more users and operated on a very low cost base, its income was not enough to support a peak staff of 130 in nine countries, forcing redundancies.
By late 2002 the company was making a monthly operating profit and was one of very few independent sports sites to avoid collapse (such as Sports.com and Sportal). However, the business was still servicing a large loan. Cricinfo was eventually acquired by Paul Getty's Wisden Group, the publisher of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack and The Wisden Cricketer, and renamed Wisden Cricinfo. The Wisden brand (and its own wisden.com site) were eventually phased out in favor of Cricinfo for Wisden's online operations. In December 2005, Wisden re-launched its recently discontinued Wisden Asia Cricket magazine as Cricinfo Magazine, a magazine dedicated to coverage of Indian cricket. The magazine published its last issue in July 2007.

In 2006, revenue was reported to be £3m.[13]

In 2007, the Wisden Group began to be broken up and sold to other companies; BSkyB acquired The Wisden Cricketer, while Sony Corporation acquired the Hawk-Eye ball tracking system.[14] In June 2007, ESPN Inc. announced that it had acquired Cricinfo from the Wisden Group.[15] The acquisition was intended to help further expand Cricinfo by combining the site with ESPN's other web properties, including ESPN.com and ESPN Soccernet. Terms of the acquisition were not disclosed.[16]

As of 2018, Sambit Bal is the Editor-in-Chief of ESPNcricinfo.[17] In 2013, ESPNcricinfo.com celebrated its 20 anniversary of founding with a series of online features. The annual ESPNcricinfo Awards have also become an extremely popular event in the cricket calendar.[citation needed]

Popularity
ESPNcricinfo's popularity was further demonstrated on 24 February 2010, when the site could not handle the heavy traffic experienced after Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar broke the record for the highest individual male score in a One Day International match with 200*.[18][19]

Features
ESPNcricinfo contains various news, columns, blogs, videos and fantasy sports games. Among its most popular feature are its liveblogs of cricket matches, which includes a bevy of scorecard options, allowing readers to track such aspects of the game as wagon wheels and partnership breakdowns. For each match, the live scores are accompanied by a bulletin, which details the turning points of the match and some of the off-field events. The site also used to offer Cricinfo 3D, a feature which utilizes a match's scoring data to generate a 3D animated simulation of a live match.[20]

Regular columns on ESPNcricinfo include "All Today's Yesterdays", an "On this day" column focusing on historical cricket events, and "Quote Unquote", which features notable quotes from cricketers and cricket administrators. "Ask Steven" is a weekly column, published on Tuesdays, in which Steven Lynch answers users' questions on all things cricket. [21]

Among its most extensive features is StatsGuru, a database originally created by Travis Basevi, containing statistics on players, officials, teams, information about cricket boards, details of future tournaments, individual teams, and records. In May 2014, ESPNcricinfo launched CricIQ, an online test to challenge every fan’s cricket knowledge.[22]

The Cricket Monthly
The Cricket Monthly claims itself to be the world’s first digital-only cricket magazine.[23] The first issue was dated August 2014

Citizenship Amendment Bill

The 'Citizenship Amendment Bill is an act, originally proposed in the Lok Sabha on July 19, 2016, amending the Citizenship Act of 1955. If this Bill is passed in the Parliament, refugees from communities, namely, Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, Sikhs, Parsi or Christian coming from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan will be eligible for Indian citizenship[1][2][3]. Importantly, it is only applicable to the people from the aforementioned communities.[4] The Bill relaxes the requirement of residence in India from 11 years to 6 years for these migrants.[5]The move has been justified stating protection of minority refugees from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.[6]

The Union Cabinet cleared the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill for Parliament on December 4, 2019 and was passed by the Lok Sabha on 10th December 12:11 AM IST. The bill is to be submitted to Rajya Sabha on Wednesday to be passed for clearance.
The Bharatiya Janata Party had promised to grant citizenship to Hindus persecuted in the neighboring countries during the 2014 General Election.[citation needed] In the party's election manifesto, the BJP had promised to welcome Hindu refugees and give shelter to them. The main reasons why there has been opposition against the bill are concerns that the demography of Northeast India will change with the influx of migrants from Bangladesh. The bill also goes against ongoing update of national register of citizens.[7]

Current Status of the Bill
The Bill was introduced in Lok Sabha on July 19, 2016. It was referred to the Joint Parliamentary Committee on August 12, 2016. The Committee submitted its report on December 7, 2019.[8] The Bill was passed in the Lok Sabha on 8 December 2019,[9] after it was introduced by Home Minister Rajnath Singh.[10] It will now be tabled in the Rajya Sabha in the Budget Session.[11] The Citizenship Amendment bill 2016 is likely to lapse on 3 June 2019 as the terms of this Lok Sabha ends.[12] The Union Cabinet cleared the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill for Parliament on December 4, 2019. The Bill was passed by Lok Sabha on December 10 2019 on 12:11 A.M..[13]

Protest against the Citizenship Amendment Bill in Northeast India
Assam
Illegal migration from Bangladesh is a huge issue that sparked violent protests in Assam in the early 80s after which the Assam Accord was signed in 1985 that says all foreigners who entered the state after March 24, 1971 would be deported.[14] 30 indigenous communities organizations including All Assam Students’ Union and Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti have been holding protest all over the state. Concerns are raised over rights and livelihood of ethnic communities in the region.[15] Asom Gana Parishad, an ally of BJP, severed ties and pulled out of the state government because the Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016 was passed in the Lok Sabha.[16] Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti leader Akhil Gogoi has said in a rally on 27 January 2018 that Assam will secede from India if the Citizenship Amendment Bill is passed.[17] On 8 February, some of the agitators from All Assam Students Union and Krishak Mukti Sangram Samiti against Citizenship Amendment Act stripped naked in front of the Janata Bhawan.[18] Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal has stated that he may resign from his job if the interest of Assam is not protected.[19]

Mizoram
More than 30,000 people responded to a call for protests by students and NGO's on 23 January 2019,[20] because The Citizenship Amendment Bill of 2016 grants citizenship to the illegal Buddhist Chakma immigrants[21] from Bangladesh in the southern part of Mizoram,[22] displaced by the construction of Kaptai dam on the Karnaphuli River[23] in 1962, as there was no rehabilitation and compensation, they fled from Bangladesh to India.[24] The Chakma people also resisted inclusion into Bangladesh during Bangladeshi Independence in 1971 through armed struggled led by Shanti Bahini because they were ethnically, culturally and religiously distinct, this violent confrontation between Shanti Bahini and Bangladeshi Army, this led to Bangladeshi Chakma people fleeing Bangladesh for India.[25] The 2019, Republic day function in Mizoram was boycotted by NGO's including the Young Mizo Association throughout Mizoram.[26] The Mizoram Chief Minister Zoramthanga has threatened to pull out of the North-East Democratic Alliance if the bill is passed.[27] Student Union Mizo Zirlai Pawl leader from Mizoram has said that if the Citizenship Amendment Bill is passed, it will affect the integrity of the country.[28]

Meghalaya
The Meghalaya Democratic Alliance government decided to oppose the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016,[29][30] as it fears that illegal immigrants will make them a minority, as Meghalaya is a small state.[31] Meghalaya Chief Minister Conrad Sangma has asked Home Minister Rajnath Singh to reconsider the Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016, as it could prove to be a major law and order problem, not only for Meghalaya, but also for Northeast India.[32] Over 40,000 people assembled in Shillong on 1 February 2019, in opposition against the Citizenship Amendment Act, organized by various civil society groups.[33][34] Meghalaya Chief Minister Conrad Sangma threatened to quit BJP led NDA if the Citizenship Amendment Bill was passed in Rajya Sabha.[35]

Nagaland
The Nagaland Tribes Council (NTC) and the Naga Students’ Federation (NSF)[36] have opposed the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016, as they see it as a threat to political future of the indigenous identity[37] of the people of Northeast tribals.[38] The People of Nagaland also fear the infiltration of illegal migrants from Assam after enaction of the act.[39]

Manipur
People in Manipur have protest against the Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016[40] fearing it will become the dumping ground of foreigners,[41] including refugees.[42] 4 students were injured on 24 January 2019, when they stormed BJP's Rajya Sabha MP K. Bhabananda Singh's house in Imphal, in protest against the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill 2019.[43] Manipur Chief Minister N. Biren Singh has requested Home Minister Amit Shah to keep Manipur out of the Citizenship Amendment Bill.[44][45] An Improvised Explosive Device exploded in Imphal on 26 January 2019, due to backlash against the recent Citizenship (Amendment) Bill.[46]

Tripura
At least 50 persons were injured in Tripura during a 12-hour shutdown jointly called by three tribal parties against the Centre's citizenship bill.[47] The Tripura Indigenous Tribal Parties Forum jointly protested against the Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016[48] as the Indigenous Kokborok community who used to be 80% of the population have been reduced to only 33% of the state population over the years.[49] The internet had been suspended for 2 days,[50] after six Triprasa youth were injured in police firing during clashes at protests against the citizenship bill on 8 January 2019.[51] The Indigenous Peoples Front of Tripura is considering ending ties with the Bhartiya Janata Party because of the Citizenship amendment act.[52]

Arunachal Pradesh
Bangladeshi Buddhist Chakma were swept away by the construction of Kaptai Dam and confrontation between Bangladeshi army and Chakma armed resistance Shanti Bahini, led to many Chakma refugees fleeing to Mizoram and Tripura. The Government of India anxious to avoid conflict between Mizo people and Chakma relocated them to Arunachal Pradesh. Implementation of Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016 would mean the roughly 100,000 Chakma, Tibetan, and Hajong[53] refugees would have the same right as citizens of Arunachal Pradesh.[54] Over 500 students protested against the Citizenship Amendment Bill 2016[55] led by the indigenous public of Arunachal Pradesh

Human Rights Day

Human Rights Day is celebrated annually across the world on 10 December every year.

The date was chosen to honour the United Nations General Assembly's adoption and proclamation, on 10 December 1948, of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the first global enunciation of human rights and one of the first major achievements of the new United Nations. The formal establishment of Human Rights Day occurred at the 317th Plenary Meeting of the General Assembly on 4 December 1950, when the General Assembly declared resolution 423(V), inviting all member states and any other interested organizations to celebrate the day as they saw fit.[1][2]

The day is normally marked both by high-level political conferences and meetings and by cultural events and exhibitions dealing with human rights issues. In addition it is traditionally on 10 December that the five-yearly United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights and Nobel Peace Prize are awarded. Many governmental and non-governmental organizations active in the human rights field also schedule special events to commemorate the day, as do many civil and social-cause organizations.
Human Rights Day is the day in 1948 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[3]

The formal inception of Human Rights Day dates from 1950, after the Assembly passed resolution 423(V) inviting all States and interested organizations to adopt 10 December of each year as Human Rights Day.[4] The popularity of the day can be shown by the fact that the commemorative Human Rights Day stamp issued by the United Nations Postal Administration in 1952, received approximately 200,000 advance orders
When the General Assembly adopted the Declaration, with 48 states in favour and eight abstentions, it was proclaimed as a "common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations", towards which individuals and societies should "strive by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance". The measure was received by both advocates and critics alike as "being more declarative than legislative, more suggestive than binding."[6]

Although the Declaration with its broad range of political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights is not a binding document, it inspired more than 60 human rights instruments which together constitute an international standard of human rights. Today the general consent of all United Nations Member States on the basic Human Rights laid down in the Declaration makes it even stronger and emphasizes the relevance of Human Rights in our[who?] daily lives.[according to whom?]

The High Commissioner for Human Rights, as the main United Nations rights official, and his Office play a major role in coordinating efforts for the yearly observation of Human Rights Day:

Today, poverty prevails as the gravest human rights challenge in the world. Combating poverty, deprivation and exclusion is not a matter of charity, and it does not depend on how rich a country is. By tackling poverty as a matter of human rights obligation, the world will have a better chance of abolishing this scourge in our lifetime... Poverty eradication is an achievable goal.

— UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Louise Arbour, 10 December 2006
The 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights occurred on 10 December 2008, and the UN Secretary-General launched a year-long campaign leading up to this anniversary.[7] Because the UDHR holds the world record as the most translated document (except for the Bible), organizations around the globe used the year to focus on helping people everywhere learn about their rights.

On 9 December 2001, President George W. Bush made a Presidential proclamation that Human Rights Week began on 9 December.[8] He also made the same proclamation on 10 December 2008
Date variance
In South Africa, Human Rights Day is celebrated on 21 March, in remembrance of the Sharpeville massacre which took place on 21 March 1960. This massacre occurred as a result of protests against the Apartheid regime in South Africa.[30] South African Human Rights Day was declared a national holiday when the ANC was elected as the government with Nelson Mandela as the first democratically elected leader.[31] Parliament's role on this day is to empower the people so that the democratic processes becomes known to all South Africans.[32]

It is celebrated on 11 December in Kiribati.

Sanna Marin

Sanna Mirella Marin (born 16 November 1985) is a Finnish politician and the incoming Prime Minister of Finland. A Social Democrat, she has been member of the Parliament of Finland since 2015 and the Minister of Transport and Communications between 6 June 2019 and 10 December 2019.[1]

After Antti Rinne left his position as prime minister, the Social Democratic Party of Finland selected Marin as its candidate for new prime minister on 8 December 2019.[2][3] If confirmed at the age of 34, Marin will become the world's youngest currently-serving prime minister, Finland's youngest-ever prime minister and Finland's third female prime minister
Early life
Marin was born in Helsinki and lived in Espoo and Pirkkala before moving to Tampere.[7]

Career
Marin graduated from the Pirkkala High School in 2004 at the age of 19.[8] She graduated from the University of Tampere with a Master of Administrative Sciences in 2017.[1] She entered politics at the age of 27.[8]

She served as the first Vice President of the Social Democratic Youth from 2010 to 2012.[9] She was named as one of the candidates of the party in 2012 but was not elected.[10]

In 2012, she was elected to the City Council of Tampere at the age of 27.[4][11] She was the chairperson of the City Council from 2013 to 2017. In 2017, she was re-elected to the City Council.[12] She is also a member of the Assembly of the Council of Tampere Region.[1] She was also a member of the Pirkanmaa Regional Council from 2013 to 2016.

Marin was elected second deputy chairperson of the Social Democratic Party in 2014.[1] In 2015 at the age of 30, she was elected to the Parliament of Finland as a MP from the electoral district of Pirkanmaa.[13][14] Four years later, she was re-elected.[15] On 6 June 2019, she became the Minister of Transport and Communications.[1]

In December 2019, she was nominated by the Social Democratic Party to succeed Antti Rinne as the Prime Minister of Finland. Rinne was widely criticised over the way he handled a postal strike, but will remain the formal leader of the party at least until a convention in June 2020.[16][17] She was narrowly preferred over her rival Antti Lindtman in a vote to decide the majority. It is reported that Sanna Marin will head the government formed by a five party coalition in which 12 out of 18 ministers in the cabinet will be women.[18][19]

Personal life
Marin describes herself as coming from a rainbow family as she is the child of same-sex parents.[20][21] She was also the only child in her family and was the first person in her family to attend university.[22] In January 2018, she had a child with her long-time partner Markus Räikköne

Ghostbusters Afterlife

Ghostbusters: Afterlife (titled Ghostbusters: Legacy in some European regions) is an upcoming American action comedy film directed by Jason Reitman and written by Reitman and Gil Kenan. The film stars Carrie Coon, Finn Wolfhard, Mckenna Grace, and Paul Rudd, while Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson, Sigourney Weaver, and Annie Potts reprise their roles from the original films. It is the direct sequel to Ghostbusters (1984) and Ghostbusters II (1989) and the fourth film, overall, in the Ghostbusters franchise. Set 30 years after Ghostbusters II, the story follows a family moving to a small town, where they learn more about who they are and the secrets of the town itself.

A third Ghostbusters film had been in various stages of development since Ghostbusters II in 1989. After Murray refused to commit to the project, and after the death of cast member Harold Ramis in 2014, Sony instead produced a reboot film. After the 2016 Ghostbusters underperformed at the box office, Reitman began developing a direct sequel to the original films. The new cast members were announced by July 2019, while the members from the original films signed on two months later.

Ghostbusters: Afterlife is scheduled for release in the United States on July 10, 2020, by Columbia Pictures through Sony Pictures Releasing.
Premise
After being evicted from their home, two children and their single mother move to Summerville, Oklahoma after inheriting property from their late grandfather. When the town experiences a series of unexplained earthquakes, the children discover their family's link to the original Ghostbusters, who have become something of a myth as many have long-since forgotten the events of the "Manhattan Crossrip of 1984", and the secret legacy that their grandfather left behind.[1]

Cast
Finn Wolfhard[2] as Trevor[1]
Mckenna Grace[3] as Phoebe[1]
Carrie Coon[2] as Callie[1]
Paul Rudd[4] as Mr. Grooberson[1]
Logan Kim as Phoebe's classmate[1]
Celeste O'Connor as Trevor's classmate
Bokeem Woodbine as Sheriff Domingo
Oliver Cooper[5]
Tracy Letts
Bill Murray as Dr. Peter Venkman[1][6]
Dan Aykroyd as Dr. Raymond "Ray" Stantz[7]
Ernie Hudson as Winston Zeddemore[7]
Sigourney Weaver as Dana Barrett[8]
Annie Potts as Janine Melnitz[9]
Production
Development
During the 1990s following the release of Ghostbusters II, Dan Aykroyd wrote a script for a third film tentatively titled Ghostbusters III: Hellbent.[10] The concept had the characters transported to an alternate universe version of Manhattan called Manhellton, where the people and places are "hellish" versions of Earth, with the Ghostbusters meeting and confronting the devil.[11][12] At the time, Aykroyd stated that the studio was interested, though the principal actors were not. It featured a new, younger group of Ghostbusters, while Ray, Egon, and Winston struggle to keep the business going upon Peter's relationship becoming serious with Dana.[12] Much of this concept was recycled years later, for Ghostbusters: The Video Game in 2009.

By 2004, movement on a sequel was revisited by the studio, though Bill Murray expressed his disinterest in the project stating that he dislikes sequels.[13] The following year, Ramis confirmed plans to introduce Ben Stiller into the principal cast.[11][14] By 2009, however development of the project had stalled.[10] Both Ramis and Aykroyd subsequently confirmed that the script calls for a new group of younger Ghostbusters, with the latter stating that the cast would feature a gender diversity and include new technology used by the titular team.[15] By January 2010, Reitman confirmed that he would be directing the film.[16][17] In March, Murray discussed development of the film, and his intentions to reprise his role.[18][19] A release was scheduled for Christmas 2012.[20] In the October issue of Vanity Fair, Aykroyd commented on the screenplay written by Gene Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg, stating that he was particularly impressed with how Murray's character had been written, and the implementation of the new team with the original team, while he and Ramis would work on a second draft of the script.[21]

By August 2011, Aykroyd stated that the plan was for the film to begin filming later that year, with the story of the mantle being assumed by the younger generation.[22][23] Later when Murray decided to pass on reprising the starring role, Aykroyd announced that all creatives involved were actively searching for an actor to replace him.[24] He also mentioned that he wanted Moranis to return as Louis Tully.[25] By February 2012, the film was placed on hold as the production team reevaluated the project. Without Murray, the studio searched for replacement actors and considered featuring his character as a CGI-rendered ghost.[26] By June, Murray again acknowledged that all involved were attempting to develop the third film once more before dropping out of the film the following month.[27][28][29] The next month, Aykroyd confirmed that the film was back in development, with a script re-write from Etan Cohen.[30] Aykroyd said of the script that "It's got to be perfect. That's the whole thing. There's no point in doing it unless it's perfect. So that's what we're up to now."[30] By September, Reitman announced the developments of a remake.[31] In May 2013, Aykroyd discussed plot points including real-life experiments being done by college students at Columbia University being source for inspiration. The plot will revolve around research being done by the university, which brings about threats from other dimensions with a new team of Ghostbusters forming to save Earth's plane of existence from supernatural threats.[32] The script reportedly wrote Murray's character in, with hopes that the actor would decide to join the production.[33]

After the death of Harold Ramis on February 24, 2014,[34] Sony Pictures stated that Ramis would be included through use of a cameo appearance. With the script needing to be reworked following Ramis' passing, the project was delayed once again.[35] By March 2015, it was confirmed that Reitman would not be directing the third film, but would remain as producer with plans to begin principal photography by early-2015.[36] Weaver later revealed that her character's son will feature as a member of the team.[37] The project was ultimately delayed as the studio searched for a director.

A new film connected to the original two films, tentatively titled Ghostbusters 3, was revealed in January 2019. Jason Reitman, son of original director Ivan Reitman, will direct from a script co-written by himself and Gil Kenan, while Ivan Reitman will serve as a producer.[38] According to The Hollywood Reporter's Borys Kit, the film will feature teenagers, two boys and two girls, as the new recruits for the titular team.[39] It is scheduled to be released on July 10, 2020.[40] The film was expected to start production in July 2019 in Calgary for about 15 weeks.[41][38]

Reitman has stated the film will likely ignore the events of 2016's Ghostbusters: Answer the Call, a reboot of the franchise which featured a female-led cast directed by Paul Feig. Reitman's decision drew ire from that film's star Leslie Jones on Twitter. Jones called this approach "so insulting" and ignoring the efforts that her cast and crew put out.[42] Later, in February 2019, Reitman stated on a podcast that this film will "hand the movie back to the fans". In response to those commentators that felt this approach was continuing the gender-driven controversy raised during production of the 2016 film, Reitman clarified that he did not mean to snub the 2016 film, and that he had "nothing but admiration" for Feig. Feig himself stated that Reitman had been a supporter of his film, and that he “can't wait to see his take on the Ghostbusters universe".[43] Reitman later explained the origins of his film, that the idea of a young teenage girl wanting to be a Ghostbuster had come to him, and with positive reaction from Feig's film, proved out that the idea that anyone could be a Ghostbuster would work. Reitman continued that the Ghostbusters franchise could readily expand on this idea with all types of people becoming Ghostbusters, personally thanking Feig for making this possible.[44] Aykroyd, of Reitman's script, stated "Jason Reitman wrote a beautiful, heartfelt script that takes the real DNA from the first two movies and transfers that directly to the third, the next generation. It hands the legacy off to a new generation of stars, and players, and actors, and characters."[45]

Casting
Mckenna Grace, Finn Wolfhard, and Carrie Coon were announced in March 2019, cast as the sister and brother with their single mother, respectively.[2][3] Reitman described Grace as an avid fan of the series and a perfect fit for his teenaged-girl Ghostbuster concept.[44] Wolfhard was unsure if he would get the role as he had already dressed up as a Ghostbuster during the second season of Stranger Things and that "Jason Reitman is probably not even going to look at my tape" because of that.[46] On June 27, 2019, Paul Rudd shared a video on the official Ghostbusters social media accounts revealing that he had been cast in the film, later confirmed to be Mr. Grooberson, the childrens' new teacher that knows of the Ghostbusters' legacy.[4][47][1] Newcomers Celeste O'Connor and Logan Kim were announced as cast in July 2019.[48]

In addition, Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson, Sigourney Weaver, and Annie Potts have been confirmed to be reprising their roles from the first two Ghostbusters films.[49][7][45]

Filming
Under the working title "Rust City", filming began on July 12, 2019 in Calgary, Alberta and area, and lasted until October. Location shooting in surrounding communities such as Crossfield and Beiseker[50] took place during July and August 2019. Additional locations around Alberta were also used.[51][52] On October 18, 2019, Reitman posted a photo on his Instagram account confirming that filming had wrapped after 68 days.[53]

Marketing
Prior to December 2019, the film was given the working title of Ghostbusters 2020. A very short teaser trailer was released on January 16, 2019.[54] A first look was released through Vanity Fair on December 6, 2019, officially revealing the title as Ghostbusters: Afterlife. The film's first trailer was released on December 9, 2019 and received positive reviews

YNW Melly

Jamell Maurice Demons (born May 1, 1999), known professionally as YNW Melly, is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Gifford, Florida.[3] He is best known for his songs "Murder on My Mind" and "Mixed Personalities" featuring Kanye West. His single "Murder on My Mind" is considered YNW Melly's breakout, which garnered even further attention after the rapper was charged with double-murder. He released his debut album, We All Shine, on January 17, 2019, to generally positive reviews with critics.

In February 2019, he was arrested and charged with two counts of first-degree murder and faces life in prison or the death penalty if convicted.[4][5][6] He is also a suspect in the 2017 murder of a sheriff's deputy in Gifford.[7] In March 2019, Demons pleaded not guilty to the double-murder charges and is currently awaiting trial
Early life
YNW Melly was born on May 1, 1999, in Gifford, Florida to native Ohioan parents, Jamie Demons (Father) and Donte Taylor (Mother)[9]. Demons was raised by his single mother. She was 14 years old when she became pregnant with him, giving birth to him in the ninth grade. Later moving to a poorer part of Gifford, his mother struggled to pay for housing and necessaries. Demons joined the Bloods gang at a young age,[10] later posting his songs on SoundCloud when he was 15. In late 2015, Demons was arrested for shooting at a group of students near Vero Beach High School and subsequently convicted of aggravated battery, discharging a firearm in public, and two counts of aggravated assault, for which he served several months in prison.[11][12]

Career
In late 2017, while still incarcerated, Demons released his first project, an EP called Collect Call, which contained features from numerous well-known artists, including Lil B and John Wicks. In 2018, he released the singles "Virtual (Blue Balenciagas)", "Melly the Menace", and "Slang That Iron". Other singles include "4 Real", "Butter Pecan", and "Medium Fries".[13] The respective music videos have amassed 26 million, 16 million and 11 million views on YouTube, as of January 2019.

In August 2018, Demons released his debut album I Am You, which later appeared on the Billboard 200 at number 192 on January 10, 2019.[14]

On January 17, 2019, while incarcerated, Demons released We All Shine, his second commercial mixtape, consisting of 16 tracks.[15] The project featured collaborations with Kanye West and Fredo Bang.[16] A music video for "Mixed Personalities" featuring West was released with the album.

As of March 2019, Demons has amassed over 200 million streams on Spotify with over 10 million monthly listeners. His most streamed song is "Murder on My Mind", which was originally released as a single before being added to I Am You.[17]

Legal issues
Demons was arrested on June 30, 2018, in Fort Myers, Florida for possession of marijuana, possession of weapon or ammunition by a convicted felon and drug paraphernalia.[18]

Demons was again arrested on January 3, 2019, in Fort Myers for possession of marijuana.[19]

On February 12, 2019, Demons was charged with two counts of first-degree murder in connection with the October 2018 shooting deaths in Fort Lauderdale of two men described as his close friends, aspiring rappers Anthony "YNW Sakchaser" Williams, 21, and Christopher "YNW Juvy" Thomas Jr., 19. Authorities purport that Demons conspired with fellow YNW rapper Cortlen Henry, also known as YNW Bortlen, to stage the double-murder of Williams and Thomas Jr. and make it appear as if they were fatally injured in a drive by shooting. Henry allegedly drove the victims to the hospital where they later succumbed to their wounds.[20] Demons turned himself in on February 13, 2019.[21] He announced on his Instagram that

″No I did not get locked up in Washington , but I am turning myself in today... a couple months ago I lost my two brothers by violence and now the system want to find justice.. unfortunately a lot of rumors and lies are being said but no worries god is with me and my brother @ynw.bortlen and we want y’all to remember it’s a ynw Family I love you″

— @ynwmelly
On February 22, 2019, Complex reported that Demons and Cortlen Henry (YNW Bortlen) are now suspects in the fatal 2017 shooting of off-duty Indian River County Sheriff's Department deputy Gary Chambliss in Gifford

Abduction of Chloe Ayling

The abduction of Chloe Ayling occurred in July 2017 while Ayling, a British page 3 model, had travelled to Milan, Italy for a fake photo-shoot. There, she was abducted by two individuals claiming to be members of a criminal organisation called The Black Death Group. In June 2018, Lukasz Herba, a Polish national from the United Kingdom, was convicted in a Milan court of the kidnapping and sentenced to 16 years and nine months in prison. As of June 2019, the trial of his suspected accomplice, his older brother Michał Herba, remains in progress
Abduction
Ayling, from Coulsdon and aged 20 at the time of the incident, was working in London for Phil Green's Supermodel Agency. In March 2017, Green, a lawyer and part-time DJ, had previously brokered a failed photo-shoot in Paris for Ayling which was later revealed to have been a scheme[clarification needed] organised by Lukasz Herba, a 30-year-old Polish computer programmer from Oldbury, West Midlands, under the alias "Andre Lazio".[1][2] In July 2017, while Ayling was on a photo-shoot in Dubai, Green was contacted again by Lazio, requesting another attempt at the photo-shoot in Milan on 12 July.[1]

When Ayling did not return to the UK via Gatwick that night, her mother contacted Green. The next morning, Green received a ransom email, ostensibly from The Black Death Group and written by "MD" (another Herba alias) demanding €300,000 or else Ayling would be auctioned off as a sex-slave on the dark web on 16 July.[1][3][4] Green then contacted the UK consulate in Milan for support. Italian police then visited the address, which turned out to not be a photo studio at all. Inside, they found some of Ayling's clothes, and, in the absence of other evidence or emails, the investigation stalled. However, after six days, on Monday 17 July, Ayling and Herba turned up together at the Milan consulate, and suspicion quickly fell on the couple after CCTV footage of them together in public emerged.[1]

Trial
At his trial, the Italian court heard that Herba had injected Ayling with ketamine (as evidenced by an injection mark and traces of the drug in her hair), handcuffed and put her in a holdall bag, and drove her in the boot of a car to a house in Viù near Turin. Throughout the kidnapping, Herba had used his MD alias to try and befriend Ayling by manipulating the events of the kidnapping and the fictional auction. Herba claimed in his defence that he had fallen in love with Ayling and was trying to promote her career by creating a scandal.[5] On 11 June 2018, Herba was convicted of kidnapping and sentenced to 16 years and nine months in prison; Herba said in the closing statement of his trial that he was inspired after watching the movie By Any Means.[5]

Shortly into the investigation, Herba's brother, Michał Herba (37), who runs a transport logistics company called Her Trans Logistics Limited, was also arrested.[6] Michał Herba, who denies any involvement, is alleged to have participated in the kidnapping given the presence of an accomplice. Based on email and DNA evidence (his hair was found in the car's boot), he was extradited from the UK in October 2018, and is currently[when?] standing trial in the case.[1][7][8]

Aftermath
The case brought attention to "The Black Death Group", an organisation alleged to exist in Eastern Europe and operating on the dark web over frequently-changing URLs.[9][10] The group, involved with selling sex slaves to Saudi Arabia, was investigated by Interpol in 2015.[11][12] The group is known to have posted images of captives for sale; however, those postings are largely considered to be fake, since further investigation determined that they were taken from a pornographic film.[9]

Ayling and Green both wrote memoirs of the events. The British media, in particular, were quick to suspect the kidnapping was a publicity stunt,[13] although it later became clear from Ayling's testimony that she was not involved.[1] Ayling has also been criticised in the media for leveraging the event for the benefit of her career