Zaira Wasim

Zaira Wasim

Zaira Wasim (born 23 October 1999)[2] is a former Indian actress who worked in Hindi films. The recipient of numerous accolades, including a Filmfare Award and a National Film Award, Wasim was honoured with the National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement by Ram Nath Kovind, the President of India, at a ceremony in New Delhi in 2017.[3]

Wasim made her film debut with the role of wrestler Geeta Phogat in the biographical sports film Dangal (2016), which emerged as the highest-grossing Indian film, grossing more than ₹2,000 crore ($300 million) worldwide. She then starred as an aspiring singer in the musical drama Secret Superstar (2017), which became the highest-grossing Indian film with a female protagonist. Both were backed by Aamir Khan Productions and earned her numerous accolades including the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for the former and the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress for the latter. Her last film appearance was in The Sky Is Pink (2019), which garnered her a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress nomination despite underperforming commercially.

Personal life

Zaira Wasim was born to a Muslim family in downtown Srinagar to Zahid and Zarqa Wasim. Her father works as an Executive Manager in J&K Bank, Srinagar and her mother is a teacher. She completed tenth grade from St. Paul's International Academy in Sonwar, Srinagar.[4][5]

Career

In June 2015, Wasim was signed by director Nitesh Tiwari to make her film debut with the biographical sports film Dangal (2016). Principal photography of the film began in September 2015 and she finished her part in December the same year. The film, which narrated the story of pehlwani amateur wrestler Mahavir Singh Phogat (Aamir Khan) who trains his two daughters Geeta (Wasim) and Babita (Suhani Bhatnagar) to become India's first world class female wrestlers, received positive reviews from critics and emerged as the highest-grossing Indian film of all time, earning more than ₹20 billion ($300 million) worldwide. For her performance, Wasim received positive comments as well as several awards, including the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress and a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut.

The following year, Wasim found her breakthrough role in Advait Chandan's directorial debut Secret Superstar (2017), a musical drama about the story of Insia Malik (Wasim), a 15-year-old teenager who aspires to be a singer. Co-starring with Aamir Khan, Meher Vij, and Raj Arjun, Wasim garnered critical acclaim for her performance and the film eventually emerged as her second consecutive release to earn over ₹9 billion (US$130 million) worldwide, becoming the third highest-grossing Indian film (after Dangal and the 2015 film Bajrangi Bhaijaan) and the highest-grossing Indian film featuring a female protagonist. In addition to several other accolades for the film, Wasim won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress and received her first nomination for the Filmfare Best Actress Award. In November 2017, politician Ram Nath Kovind, the President of India, honoured her with the National Child Award for Exceptional Achievement, for her performances in both Dangal and Secret Superstar.

As of March 2019, Wasim has completed shooting for her next film The Sky Is Pink, the biopic of motivational speaker Aisha Chaudhary, a 19-year-old girl who died due to the disease of pulmonary fibrosis. Co-starring Priyanka Chopra and Farhan Akhtar, the film released in India on 11 October 2019.

On 30 June 2019, Wasim announced she would be leaving her acting career because she started believing that it conflicted with her religious beliefs.[6][7]

Controversies

In 2016, publicity photos of Zaira Wasim surfaced showing her with trimmed hair for her role in the film Dangal. This resulted in her being trolled online for having been "un-Islamic" by acting in a film. In January 2017, a local news organisation published the news and photos of her meeting with Chief Minister Mehbooba Mufti. This resulted in further criticism and Wasim receiving death threats[8] because Mufti had described Wasim as a "Kashmiri role model". In response, Zaira issued an apology on her Facebook and Instagram account which she deleted shortly after. But not before the message was picked up and publicised by news media which added further fuel to the controversy. Subsequently, several Indian celebrities have voiced their support for Wasim, denouncing her critics.[9][10]

In January 2017, Indian sports minister Vijay Goel tweeted a message "Our daughters are breaking out of their cages and moving forward", accompanied by a photo of him standing before a painting depicting two women – one in a hijab and another cowering in a cage. Zaira responded to Goel requesting him not to connect her to "such a discourteous depiction" and that women in hijab were "beautiful and free". Goel responded saying that she had misinterpreted his tweet, he appreciated Wasim's work and meant to discourage "evil and patriarchal notions".[11]

In December 2017, Wasim alleged that she had been harassed mid-air on an Air Vistara flight UK981 between Delhi and Mumbai. She posted a series of messages on her Instagram profile alleging that a man sitting behind her on the flight had caressed her neck while she was asleep. She also wrote that she had tried to record what the man was doing, but failed due to dim lights. The airline issued an apology on the issue and released a statement saying that a detailed investigation would be conducted. The accused, Vikas Sachdeva of Chandivli in Mumbai was subsequently arrested and charged under Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (POCSO), given Wasim was a legal minor. The accused's wife claimed her husband had been resting when his leg accidentally touched Wasim and that he had apologised before getting off the plane at the Mumbai airport, which the actress had acknowledged. The suspect has been placed in judicial custody pending a court hearing.[12][13] There has been support for the accused in the form of a signature-campaign by his neighbours and on social pages with pages like ‘Justice for Vikas Sachdeva’.[14] Wasim subsequently became a target of internet trolling, which has been criticised by the Mumbai Police, stating in a tweet, "It is the Constitutional right of every victim to report sexual abuse and it is our duty to take cognizance, investigate & facilitate justice. Kindly refrain from being judgmental and #Respect the Right of a Victim of a Sexual Assault".[15] In a statement included with the tweet, the Mumbai Police also stated, "Our action against the accused is backed by sufficient evidence against him and it has been under the scrutiny by the court of law."[16] In January 2020, the accused was found guilty of molesting Wasim and was sentenced to three years in prison

Norton Motorcycle

Norton Motorcycle

The Norton Motorcycle Company (formerly Norton Motors, Ltd.) is an English motorcycle marque, originally from Birmingham, England, UK (Currently Acquired by M/s.TVS Motor India for 16 million GBP) . It was founded in 1898 as a manufacturer of "fittings and parts for the two-wheel trade".[1] By 1902 the company had begun manufacturing motorcycles with bought-in engines. In 1908 a Norton-built engine was added to the range. This began a long series of production of single and eventually twin-cylinder motorcycles, and a long history of racing involvement. During the Second World War Norton produced almost 100,000 of the military Model 16 H and Big 4 sidevalve motorcycles.

When major shareholders started to leave Norton in 1953 the company declined and Associated Motor Cycles bought the shares.[2] Although motorcycle sales went through a recession in the 1950s, and Norton Motors Ltd was only a small manufacturer, Norton sales flourished. A series of Norton Dominator Twins of 500 cc, then 600 cc, then 650 cc and then the 750 cc Norton Atlas kept sales buoyant, especially with sales to the United States.

In 1968 the new 750 cc Norton Commando Model appeared, with the engine/gearbox/swingarm unit isolastically insulated from the frame with a series of rubber mountings. This kept the vibrations from the rider, giving a smooth comfortable ride. The Commando was a best seller, and voted #1 Motorcycle of the Year a number of times in Britain. 850 cc models appeared for 1973, giving more torque. For 1975 an electric start arrived in the 850 Mk3.

The largest UK motorcycle manufacturer at the time was BSA-Triumph, comprising Birmingham Small Arms Company in Birmingham, and Triumph Motorcycles in Meriden. BSA-Triumph faced difficulties caused by poor management, outdated union practices, old-fashioned motorcycle designs and antiquated factory conditions. A merger with Norton Motorcycles was proposed; but although Dennis Poore's Norton Motorcycles was by far the smaller partner, Poore effectively secured a take-over of BSA-Triumph, forming Norton Villiers Triumph (NVT). The Triumph factory Meriden was the least modern; but workers engaged in a "sit-in", forming a workers' co-operative. Poore was CEO of Manganese Bronze Holdings, a company apparently more concerned with asset stripping than with motorcycle production. Subsequent political manoeuvrings led to the downfall of NVT, as taxpayer-assisted wranglings over amalgamations and sell-offs all but killed the once extensive UK motorcycle industry.

In late 2008, Stuart Garner, a UK businessman, bought the rights to Norton from some US concerns and relaunched Norton in its Midlands home at Donington Park where it was to develop the 961cc Norton Commando and a new range of Norton motorcycles.[3]

On 29 January 2020, it was announced that the company had gone into administration.[4] Administrators BDO were appointed by Metro Bank.[5] The company had been in court over £300,000 of unpaid taxes due to HM Revenue and Customs, from an original amount of £600,000, with company representatives stating that £135,000 in "outstanding research and development tax relief" was overdue and would substantially reduce the amount owed.[6] HMRC gave the company more time to pay and the court case was adjourned until mid-February.[6] There were reports that there had been fraudulent wrongdoing which affected hundreds of pension holders who invested in the company, Norton customers, and staff; government ministers had endorsed Norton as millions of pounds of government grants and loans were provided.[7] An associated business owned by Stuart Garner, the nearby Priest House Hotel, is also in administration, being run temporarily by an outside hotel chain.[8]

On 17th April 2020, it has been reported that India's TVS Motor Company acquired Norton Motorcycle Company in an all cash deal. In the short term, they will be continue production of motorcycles at Donington park using the same staff

The original company was formed by James Lansdowne Norton (known as "Pa") at 320, Bradford Street, Birmingham, in 1898.[1] In 1902 Norton began building motorcycles with French and Swiss engines. In 1907 a Norton ridden by Rem Fowler won the twin-cylinder class in the first Isle of Man TT race, beginning a sporting tradition that went on until the 1960s. The first Norton engines were made in 1907, with production models available from 1908. These were the 3.5 hp (490 cc) and the 'Big 4' (633cc), beginning a line of side-valve single-cylinder engines which continued with few changes until the late 1950s.[2]

The first Norton logo was a fairly simple, art nouveau design, with the name spelled in capitals.[10] However, a new logo appeared on the front of the catalogue for 1914, which was a joint effort by James Norton and his daughter Ethel. It became known as the "curly N" logo, with only the initial letter as a capital, and was used by the company thereafter, first appearing on actual motorcycles in 1915.[11] Ethel Norton also did some testing of her father's motorcycles.[citation needed]

In 1913 the business declined, and R. T. Shelley & Co., the main creditors, intervened and saved it. Norton Motors Ltd was formed shortly afterwards under joint directorship of James Norton and Bob Shelley. Shelley's brother-in-law was tuner Dan O'Donovan, and he managed to set a significant number of records on the Norton by 1914 when the war broke out - and as competition motorcycling was largely suspended during the hosilities, these records still stood when production restarted after the war.[12] 1914 Dan O'Donovan records set in April 1914 :

Under 500 cc flying km 81.06 mph, flying mile 78.60 mph - 490 cc Norton

Under 750 cc flying km and flying mile see above

Under 500 cc with sidecar flying km 65.65 mph, flying mile 62.07 mph - 490 cc Norton

Under 750 cc with sidecar flying km and flying mile see above

On 17 July 1914 O'Donovan also took the flying 5 mile record at 75.88 mph, and the standing start 10 mile record at 73.29 mph, again on the 490 cc Norton

Ajaz Khan

Ajaz Khan

Ajaz Khan[4] is an Indian film actor.[5] He has starred in movies such as Rakta Charitra and Allah Ke Banday and acted in several television daily soaps including Rahe Tera Aashirwaad and Kahaani Hamaaray Mahaabhaarat Ki.[6] Khan is known for his appearance in Bigg Boss 7.[7][8] He also appeared on the TV show Comedy Nights with Kapil.[9]

His other films include Lakeer ka Fakeer[10] and the Indian films Dookudu and Naayak. He has appeared in an Academy Awards promotion commercial.

Personal Life

On 21 October 2018, he was arrested by Narcotics Cell of Mumbai police for having drugs in the form of ecstasy tablets.[13] On 18 July 2019, he was arrested for "creating/uploading videos with objectionable content promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, & creating hatred among public at large."[14]

Filmography

Television

2007 Kyaa Hoga Nimmo Kaa

2008 Bollywood Club[15] as Himself (participant-Winner)

2008 Rahe Tera Aashirwaad[6] as Tej Bali

2008 Kahaani Hamaaray Mahaabhaarat Ki[7] as Dushasan

2009 Karam Apna Apna[7] as Arjun

2009 Specials @ 10 - Shaurat, Nafrat aur Showbiz

2013 Bigg Boss 7[7] as Himself (participant) — Entered as wild card - 3rd place on 28 December 2013 (Day 105)[16]

2014 Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi Season 5[17] as Himself (participant)

2014 Comedy Nights with Kapil[7] as Supari Killer

2014 Box Cricket League as Himself (participant)

2014 Bharat ki Shaan Let's Dance (Season 2) as Himself (judge)

2014 Bigg Boss 8[7] as Himself (participant)

2015 Bigg Boss Halla Bol! as Himself — Ejected on Day 2–5 January 2015

2015 Farah Ki Dawat as Himself[18]

2015 Comedy Classes[19]

2015 Savdhaan India as Ajju Bhai[19]

2016 Comedy Nights Bachao[7] as Himself (celebrity guest)

2016 Ek Maa Jo Laakhon Ke Liye Bani Amma as Azhar Yeda

سويسرا

سويسرا

سِوِيسْرَا (بالألمانية:die Schweiz، بالفرنسية:la Suisse، بالإيطالية:Svizzera، بالرومانشية:Svizra) ورسمِيّاً الاِتِّحَاد السُّوَيْسْرِيّ هي جمهورية فيدرالية تتكون من 26 كانتون، مع برن كمقر للسلطات الاتحادية. تقع سويسرا في غرب أوروبا، حيث تحدها ألمانيا من الشمال، فرنسا من الغرب، إيطاليا من الجنوب، والنمسا وليختنشتاين من الشرق. تشكلت الكونفدرالية السويسرية على مدى عدة قرون، لكنها تميّـزت منذ نهاية القرن الثالث عشر بحرصها على الحياد، وابتعادها عن الدخول في حروب مع جيرانها. ومع أنها تقع في قلب القارة الأوروبية، إلا أنها تمتاز عن معظم الدول المجاورة لها بتنوّعها الديني واللغوي وتمسكها بممارسة الديمقراطية المباشرة.

سويسرا هي أيضاً مهد للصليب الأحمر؛ وموطن لعدد كبير من المنظمات الدولية؛ بما في ذلك ثاني أكبر مكتب للأمم المتحدة. وعلى المستوى الأوروبي فهي عضو مؤسس في الرابطة الأوروبية للتجارة الحرة؛ وجزء من منطقة شنغن، وعلى الرغم من أنها ليست عضواً في الاتحاد الأوروبي ولا في المنطقة الاقتصادية الأوروبية إلا أن سويسرا هي واحدة من أغنى البلدان في العالم من حيث الناتج المحلي الإجمالي للفرد، وتحتوي على أعلى ثروة للشخص البالغ (الأصول المالية وغير المالية) من أي بلد في العالم. وقد تم تصنيف زيوريخ وجنيف المدينتين الثانية والثامنة من بين الأعلى في جودة المعيشة في الحياة في العالم. وهي الدولة التاسعة عشر كأكبر اقتصاد في العالم من حيث الناتج المحلي الإجمالي الاسمي ورقم 36 في تعادل القوة الشرائية.

سويسرا بلد قام على أساس احترام الأقليات وعلى الديمقراطية المباشرة؛ التي أدّت في نهاية المطاف إلى نظام فدرالي يضم 26 إقليمٍ أو كما تُعرف بكانتون، تلتقي على التواؤم والتضامن فيما بينها. ورغم أنها تختلف فيما بينها بالهوية إلا أن المصلحة المشتركة تجمعها. وجدير بالذكر أنه ليس أمام الاتحاد الأوروبي إذا أراد النجاح إلا أن يعتمد التجربة السويسرية. فثمة تماثل بين الفدرالية السويسرية والاتحاد الأوروبي فيما عدا الشأن المالي والدِّفاع والسياسة الخارجية، رغم أن سويسرا الحديثة تشكّلت عام 1848. في سويسرا، لا توجد لغة رسمية واحدة، بل هناك أربع لغات، ولا توجد ثقافة واحدة، بل هناك عدة ثقافات متنوعة وغنية ومتناقضة فيما بينها. فبعض المواطنين لغتهم الأم الفرنسية، ويعيشون ويعملون في مدينة منفتحة مثل جنيف، يوجد فيها أكثر من 200 منظمة دولية. والبعض من سكان الريف، يعيشون في قرى جبلية تقع في كانتون أوري، ويتحدّثون بلهجة ألمانية، وليس بينهم إلا كما بين اليابانيين والبرازيليين، إلا أنهما يرتبطان سويا بتاريخ من النجاحات التي حقّقها وما زال يحقِّـقها هذا البلد، وبديمقراطية يعود تاريخها إلى أكثر من 700 عام.

تضم سويسرا أربع مناطق رئيسية لغوية وثقافية: الألمانية، الفرنسية، الإيطالية والرومانشية، وعلى الرغم من أن الغالبية تتحدث الألمانية، إلا أنها لا تشكل أمة في معنى هوية عرقية أو لغوية مشتركة لكن بينهم شعور قوي بالانتماء إلى البلد الذي تأسس على خلفية تاريخية مشتركة وقيم مشتركة (فدرالية وديمقراطية مباشرة) تتخذ من جبال الألب رمزاً لها. وتحتفل سويسرا بعيدها الوطني في 1 أغسطس من كل عام والذي يوافق تاريخ إنشاء الاتحاد السويسري في 1 أغسطس 1291.

أصل التسمية

أصل كلمة سويسرا الإنجليزية (Switzerland) ألماني وجاء من كلمة schwytz شفايزر ويعني ساكن منطقة شفايز وهي إحدى أقاليم والدستاتين التي شكلت نواة الاتحاد السويسري القديم. ولعل المصطلح مشتق من الكلمة الألمانية سويتس الذي يعني "يحرق" إشارة إلى منطقة حرجية قد تم إحراقها قديماً. وبعد أن وضعت حرب سوابيان في العام 1499 في تلك المنطقة أوزارها أصبح المصطلح يستخدم للإشارة إلى الاتحاد بأكمله.

تاريخيا ان تسمية اتحاد المدن السويسري لم تكن رسمية الا في القرن السابع عشر وان الاسم السائد قبل ذلك " عصبة مدن ألمانيا العليا " وكانت هذه الاراضي تابعة إلى أسرة آل هابسبورغ .

الجغرافيا

تقع سويسرا في قلب القارة الأوروبية وتحيط بها خمس دول، وهي ألمانيا من الشمال وإيطاليا من الجنوب والنمسا وإمارة ليختنشتاين من الشرق وفرنسا من الغرب، وليست لها منافذ بحرية وتبلغ مساحتها حوالي 41300 كيلومترا مربعا. وتتكون سويسرا من ثلاث مناطق جغرافية وهي: سلسلة جبال الألب، التي تمتد في الجنوب وتغطي حوالي ثلثي مساحة البلاد ويبلغ ارتفاع أعلى قممها "Punta Dufour" "بونتا دوفور" 4638م. ثم هناك سلسلة جبال جورا والتي تمتد على شكل هلال في غرب وشمال البلاد، وتمثل الحد الفاصل بين سويسرا وفرنسا وتغطي نحو 12٪ من المساحة الكلية، ويبلغ ارتفاع أعلى قممها Cret de la Neige"كريت دو لا نيج" 1718 م، وبين هاتين المجموعتين من السلاسل الجبلية، تمتد منطقة الهضبة السهلية التي تضم معظم المدن والقرى السويسرية

كان لموقع سويسرا فوق الهضاب "الألبينية" في منطقة هي ملتقى ثلاثة ممرات جبلية (غوتهارد – فوركا – أوبيرآلب) ونقطة وصل هامة تربط بين العديد من بلدان سويسرا، الأثر العظيم في صياغة تاريخ هذا البلد. وينبع في سويسرا عدداً من أكبر أنهار أوروبا: كنهر الراين، الذي يمتد إلى بحر الشمال ونهر الرون، الذي يصب في البحر الأبيض المتوسط، ونهر إن، الذي هو أحد روافد نهر الدانوب وينتهي مساره في البحر الأسود، ونهر تيتشينو، الذي هو أحد روافد نهر البو، ويصب في البحر الادرياتيكي.

Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a country situated in the confluence of Western, Central, and Southern Europe.[10][note 4] It is a federal republic composed of 26 cantons, with federal authorities seated in Bern.[1][2][note 1] Switzerland is a landlocked country bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. It is geographically divided among the Swiss Plateau, the Alps, and the Jura, spanning a total area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi), and land area of 39,997 km2 (15,443 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8.5 million is concentrated mostly on the plateau, where the largest cities are located, among them the two global cities and economic centres of Zürich and Geneva.

The establishment of the Old Swiss Confederacy dates to the late medieval period, resulting from a series of military successes against Austria and Burgundy. Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was formally recognized in the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. The Federal Charter of 1291 is considered the founding document of Switzerland which is celebrated on Swiss National Day. Since the Reformation of the 16th century, Switzerland has maintained a strong policy of armed neutrality; it has not fought an international war since 1815 and did not join the United Nations until 2002. Nevertheless, it pursues an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world.[11] Switzerland is the birthplace of the Red Cross, one of the world's oldest and best known humanitarian organisations, and is home to numerous international organisations, including the second largest UN office. It is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association, but notably not part of the European Union, the European Economic Area or the Eurozone. However, it participates in the Schengen Area and the European Single Market through bilateral treaties.

Switzerland occupies the crossroads of Germanic and Romance Europe, as reflected in its four main linguistic and cultural regions: German, French, Italian and Romansh. Although the majority of the population are German-speaking, Swiss national identity is rooted in a common historical background, shared values such as federalism and direct democracy,[12] and Alpine symbolism.[13][14] Due to its linguistic diversity, Switzerland is known by a variety of native names: Schweiz [ˈʃvaɪts] (German);[note 5] Suisse [sɥis(ə)] (French); Svizzera [ˈzvittsera] (Italian); and Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ, ˈʒviːtsʁɐ] (Romansh).[note 6] On coins and stamps, the Latin name, Confoederatio Helvetica – frequently shortened to "Helvetia" – is used instead of the four national languages.

The sovereign state is one of the most developed countries in the world, with the highest nominal wealth per adult[15] and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product.[16][17] It ranks at or near the top in several international metrics, including economic competitiveness and human development. Zürich, Geneva and Basel have been ranked among the top ten cities in the world in terms of quality of life, with Zürich ranked second globally.[18] In 2019, IMD placed Switzerland first in the world in attracting skilled workers.[19] World Economic Forum ranks it the 5th most competitive country globally.

The English name Switzerland is a compound containing Switzer, an obsolete term for the Swiss, which was in use during the 16th to 19th centuries.[20] The English adjective Swiss is a loan from French Suisse, also in use since the 16th century. The name Switzer is from the Alemannic Schwiizer, in origin an inhabitant of Schwyz and its associated territory, one of the Waldstätte cantons which formed the nucleus of the Old Swiss Confederacy. The Swiss began to adopt the name for themselves after the Swabian War of 1499, used alongside the term for "Confederates", Eidgenossen (literally: comrades by oath), used since the 14th century. The data code for Switzerland, CH, is derived from Latin Confoederatio Helvetica (English: Helvetic Confederation).

The toponym Schwyz itself was first attested in 972, as Old High German Suittes, ultimately perhaps related to swedan ‘to burn’ (cf. Old Norse svíða ‘to singe, burn’), referring to the area of forest that was burned and cleared to build.[21] The name was extended to the area dominated by the canton, and after the Swabian War of 1499 gradually came to be used for the entire Confederation.[22][23] The Swiss German name of the country, Schwiiz, is homophonous to that of the canton and the settlement, but distinguished by the use of the definite article (d'Schwiiz for the Confederation,[24] but simply Schwyz for the canton and the town).[25] The long [iː] of Swiss German is historically and still often today spelled ⟨y⟩ rather than ⟨ii⟩, preserving the original identity of the two names even in writing.

The Latin name Confoederatio Helvetica was neologized and introduced gradually after the formation of the federal state in 1848, harking back to the Napoleonic Helvetic Republic, appearing on coins from 1879, inscribed on the Federal Palace in 1902 and after 1948 used in the official seal.[26] (for example, the ISO banking code "CHF" for the Swiss franc, and the country top-level domain ".ch", are both taken from the state's Latin name). Helvetica is derived from the Helvetii, a Gaulish tribe living on the Swiss plateau before the Roman era.

Helvetia appears as a national personification of the Swiss confederacy in the 17th century with a 1672 play by Johann Caspar Weissenbach.[27]

History

Uttar Ramayan

Uttar Ramayan

Lav Kush (originally called Uttar Ramayan) is an Indian-Television series, created, written, produced, and directed by Ramanand Sagar.[2][3] It is a follow-up Ramayan, featuring mostly the same cast and production crew. Lav Kush covers the last book — the Uttara Kanda — of the ancient Indian epic Ramayana, following Rama's coronation, especially focusing on his children, twins Kush and Lav.

Plot

A follow-up series Luv Kush based on the last chapter of Ramayana Uttara Kanda, aired from 1988 to 1989 on DD National

Cast

Arun Govil as Rama

Deepika Chikhalia as Sita

Sunil Lahiri as Lakshman

Dara Singh as Hanuman

Swapnil Joshi as Kusha

Mayuresh Kshetramade as Luv

Vijay Kavish as Valmiki

Sanjay Jog as Bharat

Sameer Rajda as Shatrughna

Vilas Raj as Lavanasura

KL Rahul

KL Rahul

Kannur Lokesh Rahul[1] (born 18 April 1992), commonly known as KL Rahul, is an Indian international cricketer who plays for Karnataka in domestic cricket and captains Kings XI Punjab in the Indian Premier League. He is a right-handed batsman and a wicket-keeper.

Rahul made his international debut in 2014 and scored his maiden Test century in his second Test match. He became the first Indian to score a century on One Day International debut,[2] and became the third Indian to score a century in all three formats of international cricket.

Early life

Rahul was born on 18 April 1992 to K. N. Lokesh and Rajeshwari in Mangalore; his father Lokesh is a professor and former director at the National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK) in the city and his mother Rajeshwari is a professor at Mangalore University. Lokesh, who was a fan of the cricketer Sunil Gavaskar, wanted to name his son after Gavaskar's, but mistook Rohan Gavaskar's name as Rahul.[3]

Rahul grew up in Mangalore, completing his high school at NITK English Medium School and pre-university at St. Aloysius College. He started cricket training at the age of 10, and, two years later, started playing matches for both Bangalore United Cricket Club and his club in Mangalore.[4] At age 18 he moved to Bangalore to study at Jain University and pursue his cricket career.[5][6][7]

Domestic career

Rahul made his first-class cricket debut for Karnataka in the 2010–11 season. In the same season he represented his country at the 2010 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup, scoring a total of 143 runs in the competition.[8] He made his debut in the Indian Premier League in 2013, for Royal Challengers Bangalore.[9] During the 2013-14 domestic season he scored 1,033 first-class runs, the second highest scorer that season.[8]

Playing for South Zone in the final of the 2014–15 Duleep Trophy against Central Zone, Rahul scored 185 off 233 balls in the first innings and 130 off 152 in the second. He was named the player of the match and selection to the Indian Test squad for the Australian tour followed.

Returning home after the Test series, Rahul became Karnataka's first triple-centurion, scoring 337 against Uttar Pradesh. He went on to score 188 in the 2014–15 Ranji Trophy final against Tamil Nadu and finished the season with an average of 93.11 in the nine matches he played.

International career

Rahul made his Test debut in the 2014 Boxing Day Test at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. He replaced Rohit Sharma and was presented with his Test cap by MS Dhoni. He batted at number six and made three runs in the first innings; in the second innings, he played at number 3 and made only 1 run but retained his place for the next Test at Sydney where he opened the innings with Murali Vijay and made 110 runs, his maiden international hundred.

He was part of the 15-man squad for the Indian tour of Bangladesh in June 2015 but withdrew due to Dengue fever. He returned to the side for the first Test of the Sri Lankan tour after Murali Vijay was ruled out due to injury, scoring his second Test century and being named player of the match. During the match he kept wicket after Wriddhiman Saha was injured.[10]

He was named in the squad to tour Zimbabwe in 2016 and made his One Day International (ODI) debut against Zimbabwe at Harare Sports Club, scoring a century on debut - the first Indian cricketer to do so on debut.[11][12] He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut later in the same tour.[13]

He was picked in the Indian squad for the four-test tour against West Indies in 2016. Rahul played in the second Test at Jamaica and scored a strokeful 158, his highest Test score then. In the process, he became the first Indian opener to score a century in his debut Test in the West Indies.[14] In the first match of the T20I series in the United States, he scored a century off 46 balls in a losing cause, the second-fastest ever and fastest by an Indian.[15][16] He also set the world record for being the only player to score hundred in first innings as opener in both Tests and ODIs.[17]

Lokesh Rahul set the record for the fastest batsman to have scored centuries in all three formats in just 20 innings surpassing the record of Ahmed Shehzad who took 76 innings.[18] He is the first player in T20I history to score a century when batting at number 4 position or lower (110*). On 3 July 2018, Rahul smashed his second T20 International ton against England.[19] He is also the first Indian batsman to be dismissed hit-wicket in T20Is.[20]

On 11 January 2019, Hardik Pandya and K. L. Rahul were suspended by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) following controversial comments they made on the Indian talk show Koffee with Karan earlier in the month.[21] They were both sent home ahead of the ODI series against Australia and the fixtures of India's tour to New Zealand.[22] On 24 January 2019, after lifting the suspension on Pandya and Rahul, the BCCI announced that Rahul would re-join the squad for India A matches.[23]

In April 2019, he was named in India's squad for the 2019 Cricket World Cup.[24][25] He scored his maiden hundred for India in the World Cup against Sri Lanka.[26] In December 2019, in the first T20I match against the West Indies, Rahul scored his 1,000th run in T20I cricket.[27]

Indian Premier League

Rahul made his Indian Premier League (IPL) debut for Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) as a wicket-keeper batsman during the 2013 competition. Ahead of the 2014 IPL, he was bought by the Sunrisers Hyderabad for INR 1 crore, before returning to RCB ahead of the 2016 IPL season. He finished the season as the 11th highest run-scorer, and RCB's third, with 397 runs from 14 matches. For his performances in the 2016 IPL season, he was named as wicket keeper in the Cricinfo and Cricbuzz IPL XI.[28][29] Rahul missed the 2017 season due to a shoulder injury.

In the 2018 IPL Auction, he was bought by Kings XI Punjab for INR 11 crore, the joint-third highest price. In the team's first match of the season he scored the fastest 50 in IPL history, taking 14 balls to reach the milestone and breaking the record of Sunil Narine.[30][31] For his performances in the 2018 IPL season, he was named in the Cricinfo and Cricbuzz IPL XI.[32][33] After making scores of 90+ three times during 2018, he reached his maiden IPL century in 2019, scoring 100 not out from 64 against Mumbai Indians. For his performances in the 2019 IPL season, he was named in the Cricinfo IPL XI.[34]

Rahul will captain Kings XI Punjab in the 2020 IPL, after former captain Ravichandran Ashwin was traded to Dehli Capitals.