الجمعة، 1 مايو 2020

وسام حنا

وسام حنا

وسام حنا (18 أبريل 1981-) عارض أزياء ،ممثل، مقدم برامج لبناني حاصل على لقبي ،ملك جمال لبنان 2005 و ملك جمال العالم 2006 
حياته الخاصة
ولد في بلدة جزين عاش طفولته في جنوب لبنان شرق صيدا عين المير ترعرع في الدير تمنت والدته السيدة ماري أن يصبح راهبا تربى على أسس المسيحيّة قضا سنة ونصف في الإكليريكيّة لكنه خرج منها بسبب ضغط الأهل لديه اخت إسمها ريتا كانت متزوجة من الممثل عادل كرم عام 2004 شارك بمسابقة ملك جمال لبنان لكن لم يقبل 

مشواره المهني
تخرج من كلية الحقوق وأجرى دراسات معمقة في العلاقات الدولية والديبلوماسية. درس في أميركا في New York Film Academy تدرب على كل شيء قبل دراسة التمثيل. شغل منصب وزير الدفاع ووزير الاعلام بالوكالة في الحكومة الشبابية التي شكلها الحريري العام 2000 عمل كعارض أزياء في وكالة نضال بشراوي وفي عام 2005 حصل على لقب ملك جمال لبنان ثم نال لقب مان هنت 2005 في كوريا الشمالية ولقب ملك جمال العالم عام 2006 في سنغافورة  . كان من الذين عملوا على قانون الزامية التعليم حتى سن الخامسة عشرة، اضافة إلى عمله في عدد من مؤسسات المجتمع المدني في لبنان. درس التمثيل مع المخرج جلال خوري في جامعة القديس يوسف عام 2006 وخضع لكاستينغ للمشاركة في فيلم عالمي مع المخرج الإيطالي الشهير فرانكور زفيريلي، إلاّ أن العدوان الإسرائيلي على لبنان صيف 2006 حال دون ذلك . قبل التلفزيون شارك إذاعياً في أكثر من مسلسل مع الكاتب فراس جبران، وتلفزيونيّاً في الدراما الدينيّة مع الكاتبة كلود أبو حيدر في سلسلة نور من نور بدأ بالتمثيل عام 2007 وفي تقديم البرامج عام 2008 إضافة لكونه أحد الوجوه الإعلانية لإحدى ماركات الملابس الرجالية fiordelli منذ العام 2005 حتى الآن. عام 2014 شارك كمتسابق في برنامج الرقص مع النجوم على شاشة إم تي في اللبنانية، وحصل على المركز الخامس شارك في لجنة تحكيم ملكة جمال لبنان 2015 في سبتمبر 2015 أشيع خبر زواجة من الممثلة جويل داغر في صورة نشرة لهما تبين فيما بعد أنها صور من مسلسل الحرام الذي قام ببطولته  في 22 أبريل 2016 عاد ليطل مرة اخرى على شاشتي ال بي سي و ال دي سي كمقدم برنامج ألعاب ترفيهي واجتماعي بعنوان حسابك عنا يقوم على ألعاب، أسئلة، دولاب، وحظّ، ضمن مراحل عدة تتنافس فيها أربع عائلات مؤلّفة من "الحماة والكنّة"، بهدف تجميع النقاط وإقفال جزء من الدين

ابراهيم السكرانً

ابراهيم السكرانً

إبراهيم السكران (ولد في 5 ربيع الآخر 1396 هـ الموافق 4 أبريل 1976م) باحث ومُفكِّر إسلامي، مهتمٌ بمنهج الفقه الإسلامي وبالمذاهب العقدية والفكرية، له العديد من المؤلفات والأبحاث والمقالات المنشورة وله عدد من الكتب المطبوعة.
سيرته
هو أبو عُمر، إبراهيم بن عمر بن إبراهيم السكران المشرف الوهبي التميمي، درس في جامعة الملك فهد للبترول والمعادن والمعادن سنة واحدة، ثم تركها متوجهًا إلى كلية الشريعة في جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية بالرياض وتخرج فيها، نال درجة الماجستير في السياسة الشرعيّة من المعهد العالي للقضاء التابع لجامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية بالرياض، ثم توجه إلى بريطانيا ونال درجة الماجستير في القانون التجاري الدولي في جامعة إسكس بمدينة كولشستر.

ظهر تحوّل إبراهيم السكران إلى الفكر السلفي عام 1428 هـ 2007 م في ورقة فكريّة انتشرَت وقتها الكترونيًا، عنوانها: مآلات الخِطاب المدني، وقد أثارت هذه الورقة الكثير من المحسوبين على التيار التنويري.

مؤلفاته
له عدة كتب منشورة وغير منشورة، ومطبوعة وغير مطبوعة، مِن المطبوع منها:

مآلات الخطاب المدني.
الطريق إلى القرآن.
رقائق القرآن.
مسلكيات.
سُلطة الثقافة الغالِبة.
التأويل الحداثي للتراث.
الماجريات.
الأسهم المُختلطة.
اعتقاله
اعتُقل إبراهيم السكران في يونيو 2016 من داخل منزله من قبل أجهزة الأمن السعودية، ويُرجَّح نشطاء سبب اعتقاله إلى معارضته للسياسات السعودية. ثم قضت محكمة سعودية بسجن الباحث الشرعي إبراهيم السكران، بالسجن خمس سنوات. وأفرج عنه في 30 أبريل عام 2020 بعد قضائه أربع سنوات في المعتقل.

Tony Allen

Tony Allen

Anthony Allen (born January 11, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player who played for 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is a six-time member on the NBA All-Defensive Team, including three times on the All-Defensive First Team. Allen won an NBA championship with the Boston Celtics in 2008.
College career
Junior college (2000–2002)
Allen attended Crane High School in Chicago, where he played alongside fellow future NBA player Will Bynum.[1] As a college freshman in 2000–01, Allen averaged 16.5 points, 6.1 rebounds, and 2.8 steals in 32 games (31 starts) for Butler County Community College. He was subsequently named Second Team All-Jayhawk West Conference and the Jayhawk West Freshman of the Year.[1]

As a sophomore, Allen averaged 14.5 points and 5.3 rebounds in 38 games for Wabash Valley College. He led Wabash Valley to a 32–6 record and a fourth-place finish at the NJCAA Championships. He was subsequently named Second Team All-Region XXIV.[1]

Oklahoma State (2002–2004)
For his junior season, Allen transferred to Oklahoma State University, where he averaged 14.4 points and 5.4 rebounds in 32 games (28 starts) in 2002–03. He subsequently earned Big 12 Newcomer of the Year honors.[1]

As a senior in 2003–04, Allen led Oklahoma State in scoring (16 points) and guided the Cowboys to the 2004 NCAA Final Four; he recorded 13 points, 4 rebounds and 4 assists in Oklahoma State's Final Four loss to Georgia Tech on April 3, 2004. He was subsequently named Big 12 Player of the Year and earned an Honorable Mention All-America by the Associated Press. By the end of the 2003–04 season, Allen had become the first player in Cowboys history to surpass the 1,000 career point threshold in only two seasons.[1]

Professional career
Boston Celtics (2004–2010)
2004-05 season
Allen was drafted by the Boston Celtics in the first round (25th overall) of the 2004 NBA draft on June 24, 2004, and signed a multi-year contract with the Celtics on July 3, 2004. As a rookie in the 2004–05 season, he averaged 6.4 points, 2.9 rebounds and 0.99 steals in 16.4 minutes over 77 games (34 starts). He scored 20 points in his first career start on January 22, 2005, against the Atlanta Hawks. He later participated in the Rookie Challenge at the 2005 NBA All-Star Weekend, scoring a team-high 17 points.[1]

2005-06 season
In his first game of his 2006 campaign, Allen recorded 9 points, 7 rebounds, and 2 steals during a home game loss to the Hawks. On March 20, 2006, Allen recorded a season-high 18 points and 4 steals in a home loss to the Los Angeles Lakers. He tied his season-high 18 points on April 9, which came in a loss to the New York Knicks. Eight days later, he broke his season-high as he scored 23 points to go along with 4 rebounds and 3 steals in a home game loss to the Cleveland Cavaliers. Allen went on to average 7.2 points, 2.2 rebounds, 1.3 assists and 1.00 steals in 19.2 minutes in 51 games (nine starts) in his sophomore season with the Celtics.[1]

2006-07 season
On December 4, 2006, Allen scored a season-high of 20 points during a loss to the Chicago Bulls. Two games later, he posted 18 points, 7 rebounds, and 5 steals in a loss to the Suns; 6 of his 7 rebounds were offensive rebounds. On December 15, 2006, against the Denver Nuggets, Allen scored a career-high 30 points to go with 8 rebounds.[2] On January 7, 2007, Allen recorded 21 points, 9 rebounds, and 7 steals in a road loss to the Orlando Magic. In a contest against the Indiana Pacers on January 10, 2007, Allen suffered a season-ending tear of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) of his left knee;[1] Allen hurt the knee when he landed awkwardly after an uncontested dunk attempt, that came after the whistle, in the final minutes of the 97–84 loss.[3] In his third season, Allen averaged career-highs of 11.5 points, 3.8 rebounds, 1.7 assists, and 1.5 steals per game.

2007-08 season
Allen recovered in time for the start of the 2007–08 season. In his first game coming out off the injury, Allen scored 4 points and grabbed 5 rebounds during a victory over the visiting Washington Wizards. In his first double-digit scoring output since the injury, Allen recorded 13 points in a win over the New Jersey Nets on November 14. He scored a season-high 20 points in a home game win versus the Memphis Grizzlies. Almost four weeks later, Allen tied his season high during a road victory over the Miami Heat. Allen scored 18 points to go along with 4 rebounds on February 20, during a road loss to the Golden State Warriors. At the end of the regular season, he averaged 6.6 points, 2.2 rebounds, and 1.5 assists in 18.3 minutes over 75 games (11 starts). He substantially contributed to the Celtics' successful playoff run that led to an NBA Finals berth, where they claimed the 2008 NBA Championship after defeating the Los Angeles Lakers in six games.[1]

In July 2008, Allen re-signed with the Celtics after agreeing to a two-year guaranteed deal paying $2.5 million each year.[4][5] Allen went on to average 7.8 points, 2.3 rebounds, 1.4 assists, and 1.17 steals in 19.3 minutes in 46 games (two starts) in his fifth season with the Celtics.[1]

Allen played a pivotal defensive role for the Eastern Conference champion Celtics during the 2009–10 season, averaging 6.1 points, 2.7 rebounds, 1.3 assists, and 1.07 steals in 16.5 minutes in 77 games (eight starts). He recorded his first career double-double with 10 points and 10 rebounds on December 27, 2009 against the Los Angeles Clippers. During the 2010 playoffs, Allen played in all 24 games and averaged 5.1 points and 1.04 steals in 16.3 minutes.[1] The Celtics reached the 2010 NBA Finals, where they were defeated 4–3 by the Lakers.

Memphis Grizzlies (2010–2017)
2010–11 season
On July 13, 2010, Allen signed a three-year contract with the Memphis Grizzlies,[6] reportedly worth $9.7 million.[7] Two weeks after signing with the Grizzlies, Allen revealed he felt 'overshadowed' in Boston by teammates Paul Pierce and Ray Allen.[8]

Allen emerged as one of the league's premier perimeter defenders in his first season with Memphis, averaging 1.79 steals as well as helping the Grizzlies pace the NBA in steals and forced turnovers. Allen was subsequently named to the 2010–11 NBA All-Defensive Second Team, marking his first and the Grizzlies' first selection to an All-Defensive Team, and finished fourth in the voting for Defensive Player of the Year.[1] He averaged 4.14 steals per 48 minutes, the highest rate by an NBA player since Nate McMillan in 1993–94. Allen averaged 8.9 points, 2.7 rebounds, and 1.4 assists on .510 shooting in 20.8 minutes in 72 games (31 starts). He went on to help the Grizzlies advance to the Western Conference Semifinals for the first time in the history of the franchise.[1]

2011–12 season
In the lockout-shortened 2011–12 season, Allen averaged 9.8 points, 4 rebounds, and 1.4 assists on .469 shooting in 26.3 minutes over 58 games (57 starts). He recorded a franchise record and set a career high when he made 8 steals on April 23, 2012 against the Cleveland Cavaliers. He was subsequently named to the 2011–12 NBA All-Defensive First Team after placing fifth in the NBA in steals per game (career-high 1.79) and third in steals per 48 minutes (3.27). He also finished sixth in voting for the 2011–12 NBA Defensive Player of the Year, the highest for any guard.[1] In January 2012, he was voted the best perimeter defender in the NBA by the league's general managers.[9]

2012–13 season
In 2012–13, Allen led all players receiving votes for the NBA All-Defensive teams,[10] marking his second-straight First Team All-Defense honor and third consecutive NBA All-Defense selection. He finished fifth in balloting for 2012–13 Defensive Player of the Year after averaging a career-high 4.6 rebounds and 1.51 steals in 26.7 minutes in a career-high 79 games (all starts). During the 2013 playoffs, Allen averaged playoff career highs across the board with 10.3 points, 6.1 rebounds, 1.8 assists, and 2 steals in 28.1 minutes in 15 postseason games, thus helping Memphis advance to the Western Conference Finals for the first time in franchise history.[1]

2013–14 season
On July 15, 2013, Allen re-signed with the Grizzlies on a four-year contract worth $20 million.[11][12] Allen concluded his fourth season in Memphis and 10th in the NBA with averages of 9 points, 3.8 rebounds and 1.64 steals on .494 shooting in 23.2 minutes in 55 games (28 starts). He missed 27 games due to injury, illness, or league suspension.[1]

The Grizzlies entered the playoffs as the seventh seed and faced the Oklahoma City Thunder. Allen recorded 10 offensive rebounds in Game 4 against the Thunder, becoming the sixth reserve to record 10+ offensive rebounds in a postseason game since the 1986 Playoffs, joining centers John Salley, Roy Tarpley, Jayson Williams, Greg Ostertag and Jeff Foster. He finished Game 4 with 14 points and 13 rebounds, becoming the second Grizzlies reserve to register a double‐double in a playoff game, joining Lorenzen Wright (10 points, 10 rebounds on April 29, 2006).[1] The Grizzlies were ultimately eliminated by the Thunder in seven games.

2014–15 season
In 2014–15, Allen continued to be a defensive stalwart while guarding the opposing team's best offensive talent. He made his third NBA All-Defensive First Team (and fourth career All-Defense accolade) after ranking fourth in the league in steals (2 pg) while playing 26.2 minutes per game. Allen was the only player in 2014–15 to record at least three games with six-or-more steals.[13]

2015–16 season
In May 2016, Allen was named to the NBA All-Defensive Second Team for the 2015–16 season, marking the fifth career All-Defensive selection for Allen in six seasons with the Grizzlies. Allen averaged 8.4 points, 4.6 rebounds, 1.1 assists and 1.72 steals in 25.3 minutes in 64 games (57 starts) for Memphis in 2015–16. He was tied for the NBA lead with Minnesota's Ricky Rubio in steals per 48 minutes (3.3) among players with a minimum of 1,500 total minutes played. The Grizzlies' defensive rating was 2.2 points better with Allen on the floor (104.1) than with him off the floor (106.3). In addition, Allen led the team with 1.7 steals per game.[14]

2016–17 season
On June 26, 2017, Allen was named to the NBA All-Defensive Second Team for the 2016–17 season, marking the sixth career All-Defensive selection for Allen, having now been recognized on the NBA All-Defensive Teams six times in his seven seasons with the Grizzlies. Allen appeared in 71 games (66 starts) for Memphis in 2016–17, averaging 9.1 points, 5.5 rebounds, 1.4 assists and a team-leading 1.62 steals in 27 minutes per game. He led the league in steal percentage (3.1), his second time to lead the league in the category (4.1 in 2014–15).[15]

On October 12, 2017, the Grizzlies announced they will retire Allen's No. 9 jersey when he retires.[16]

New Orleans Pelicans (2017–2018)
On September 15, 2017, Allen signed with the New Orleans Pelicans.[17] On November 1, 2017, he had a season-high 10 points in 19 minutes off the bench in a 104–98 loss to the Minnesota Timberwolves.[18] On December 10, 2017 against the Philadelphia 76ers, Allen suffered a fractured left fibula. He was nearing a return in mid-January, but on January 15, he was sidelined for another two to four weeks after suffering a setback during his recovery.[19]

On February 1, 2018, Allen was traded, along with Ömer Aşık, Jameer Nelson and a protected first-round pick, to the Chicago Bulls in exchange for Nikola Mirotić and a 2018 second-round pick. In addition, Chicago will have the right to swap its 2021 second-round pick with New Orleans' own 2021 second-round pick.[20] Allen was waived by the Bulls eight days later before appearing in a game for them

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood[a] is a 2019 comedy-drama film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. Produced by Columbia Pictures, Bona Film Group, Heyday Films, and Visiona Romantica and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing, it is a co-production between the United States, United Kingdom, and China. It features a large ensemble cast led by Leonardo DiCaprio, Brad Pitt, and Margot Robbie. Set in 1969 Los Angeles, the film follows an actor and his stunt double, as they navigate the changing film industry, and features "multiple storylines in a modern fairy tale tribute to the final moments of Hollywood's golden age."[5][6][7]

Announced in July 2017, it is the first Tarantino film not to involve Bob and Harvey Weinstein, as Tarantino ended his partnership with the brothers following the sexual abuse allegations against the latter. After a bidding war, the film was distributed by Sony Pictures, which met Tarantino's demands including final cut privilege. Pitt, DiCaprio, Robbie, Zoë Bell, Kurt Russell, and others joined the cast between January and June 2018. Principal photography lasted from June through November around Los Angeles. This was the final film to feature Luke Perry, who died on March 4, 2019.

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on May 21, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on July 26, 2019 and in the United Kingdom on August 14. The film has grossed $374 million worldwide and received praise from critics for Tarantino's screenplay and direction, acting, cinematography, costume design, production values, and soundtrack, though it received criticism for its pacing and running time. Among its various accolades, the film was chosen by the American Film Institute and the National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of the year. It received 10 nominations at the 92nd Academy Awards, including Best Picture, and won Best Supporting Actor (Pitt) and Best Production Design. It also won Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy at the 77th Golden Globe Awards.

A television series of Bounty Law depicted in the film is being developed by Tarantino, who has written five episodes of the series.
Plot
In February 1969, veteran Hollywood actor Rick Dalton (DiCaprio), star of 1950s Western television series Bounty Law, fears his career is waning. Casting agent Marvin Schwarz (Pacino) recommends he make Spaghetti Westerns in Italy, which Dalton feels are beneath him. Dalton's best friend and stunt double, Cliff Booth (Pitt)—a war veteran skilled in hand-to-hand combat[10] who lives in a tiny trailer with his pit bull, Brandy—drives Dalton around Los Angeles because Dalton's driver's license has been suspended due to DUI. Booth struggles to find stunt work in Hollywood because of rumors he murdered his wife. Actress Sharon Tate (Robbie) and her husband, director Roman Polanski (Zawierucha), have moved next door to Dalton. He dreams of befriending them to revive his declining acting career. That night, Tate and Polanski attend a celebrity-filled party at the Playboy Mansion.

The next day, while repairing Dalton's TV antenna, Booth reminisces about a sparring contest he had with Bruce Lee on the set of The Green Hornet which resulted in Booth being fired. Meanwhile, Charles Manson (Herriman) stops by the Polanski residence looking for music producer Terry Melcher, who used to live there, but is turned away by Jay Sebring (Hirsch). Tate goes out for errands and stops at a movie theater to watch herself in the film The Wrecking Crew.

Dalton is cast to play the villain in the pilot of Lancer, and strikes up a conversation with his eight-year-old co-star, Trudi Fraser. Dalton struggles to remember his lines and later suffers a breakdown in his trailer. He subsequently delivers a performance that impresses Fraser and the director, Sam Wanamaker, bolstering his confidence.

While driving Dalton's car, Booth picks up a female hitchhiker named Pussycat, whom he takes to Spahn Ranch, where Booth once worked on the set of Bounty Law. He takes notice of the many hippies living there (the Manson Family). Suspecting they may be taking advantage of the ranch's owner, George Spahn (Dern), Booth insists on checking on him despite "Squeaky" Fromme's (Fanning) objections. Booth finally speaks with Spahn, who dismisses his concerns. Upon leaving, Booth discovers that Steve "Clem" Grogan has slashed a tire on Dalton's car; Booth beats him and forces him to change the tire. Tex Watson is summoned to deal with the situation but he arrives as Booth is driving away.

After watching Dalton's guest performance on an episode of The F.B.I., Schwarz books him as the lead in Sergio Corbucci's next Spaghetti Western, Nebraska Jim. Dalton takes Booth with him for a six-month stint in Italy, during which he appears in two additional Westerns and a Eurospy comedy, and marries Italian starlet Francesca Capucci. With a new wife, Dalton informs Booth he can no longer afford his services.

On the evening of August 8, 1969, their first day back in Los Angeles, Dalton and Booth go out for drinks to commemorate their time working together and then return to Dalton's house. Tate and Sebring go out for dinner with friends and then return to Tate's house. Booth smokes an acid-laced cigarette given to him by Pussycat and takes Brandy for a walk while Dalton prepares drinks. Manson Family members Tex, Sadie, Flowerchild, and Katie arrive outside in preparation to murder everyone in Tate's house. Dalton hears the car and orders them to get off his street. Changing their plans, the Manson Family members decide to instead kill Dalton after Sadie reasons that Hollywood has "taught them to murder." Flowerchild deserts the group, speeding off with their car. They break into Dalton's house and confront Capucci and Booth, who recognizes them from his visit to Spahn Ranch. Booth orders Brandy to attack, and together they kill Katie and Tex and injure Sadie, though Booth is stabbed and knocked unconscious in the altercation. Sadie stumbles outside, alarming Dalton, who is in his pool listening to music on headphones, oblivious to the mayhem. Dalton retrieves a flamethrower that he had previously used in a movie and incinerates Sadie. After Booth is taken to the hospital to treat his injuries, Sebring engages Dalton in conversation outside and Dalton receives an invitation to have a drink with Tate and her friends at her house, which he accepts.

Bank holiday

Bank holiday

A bank holiday is a national public holiday in the United Kingdom. These are set by the UK parliament in statute law. The term bank holiday is commonly used interchangeably with other public holidays such as Good Friday and Christmas Day, which are held by convention. The term refers to all public holidays in the United Kingdom be they set out in statute, declared by royal proclamation or common law.[1][2]

There are eight holidays a year in England and Wales, nine in Scotland and ten in Northern Ireland. Additional days have been allocated for special events, such as royal weddings and jubilees. The eight main bank holidays are: New Year’s Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, the early May bank holiday, the Spring bank holiday, the Summer bank holiday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day. In Scotland, Easter Monday is not a bank holiday, but 2nd January and St Andrew's Day are. In Northern Ireland, St Patrick's Day and Orangemen's Day are also bank holidays.

Bank holidays are days on which most businesses and non-essential services are closed, although an increasing number of retail businesses (especially the larger ones) do open on some of the public holidays. There are restrictions on trading on Sundays and Christmas Day in England and Wales and on New Year's Day and Christmas Day in Scotland. There is no automatic right to time off on these days,[3] but banks close and the majority of the working population is granted time off work or extra pay for working on these days, depending on their contract.
Terminology
The two terms "bank holiday" and "public holiday" are often used interchangeably, although strictly and legally there is a difference. On the term "bank holiday", a briefing paper by the British parliament in 2015 said:[4]
The term "bank" holiday is used interchangeably with "public" holiday. For all practical purposes there is no difference. There is, however, an academic difference between bank holidays derived from statute and public holidays at common law (such as Christmas Day in England and Wales).

The only date which would seem to qualify nationally as one and not the other is Easter Sunday, which it would be strange to treat as an ordinary day for government business and on which many shops reduce their hours further than their normal Sunday routine. However, in certain areas or streets – usually where one religion accounts for most of the population or has a resonance – certain other dates are commonly informally avoided for business opening and treated as local holidays.

History
The first official bank holidays were the four days named in the Bank Holidays Act 1871. Until 1834, the Bank of England observed about 33 saints' days and religious festivals as holidays, but in that year this was reduced to four: 1 May (May Day), 1 November (All Saints' Day), Good Friday and Christmas Day. In 1871, the first legislation relating to bank holidays was passed when Liberal politician and banker Sir John Lubbock introduced the Bank Holidays Act 1871, which specified the days in the table below.[5] Under the Act, no person was compelled to make any payment or to do any act upon a bank holiday which he would not be compelled to do or make on Christmas Day or Good Friday, and the making of a payment or the doing of an act on the following day was equivalent to doing it on the holiday.[6] People were so grateful that some called the first bank holidays St Lubbock's Days for a while.[7] Scotland was treated separately because of its separate traditions: for example, New Year is a more important holiday there
The Act did not include Good Friday and Christmas Day as bank holidays in England, Wales, or Ireland because they were already recognised as common law holidays: they had been customary holidays since time immemorial.[5]

In 1903, the Bank Holiday (Ireland) Act added 17 March, Saint Patrick's Day, as a bank holiday for Ireland only.[8] New Year's Day did not become a bank holiday in England until 1 January 1974. Boxing Day did not become a bank holiday in Scotland until 1974.

Commencing in 1965, experimentally, the August bank holiday weekend was observed at the end of August "to give a lead in extending British holidays over a longer summer period".[9] Each year's date was announced in Parliament on an ad hoc basis, to the despair of the calendar and diary publishing trade.[10] The rule seems to have been to select the weekend of the last Saturday in August, so that in 1968[11] and 1969[12] Bank Holiday Monday actually fell in September.

During the sterling crisis of 1968, Prime Minister Harold Wilson convened a meeting of the privy council in the early hours of 14 March to declare 15 March a non-statutory bank holiday. This allowed the UK government to close the London gold market to stem the losses being suffered by the British pound.[13] It was this meeting that triggered the resignation of Foreign Secretary George Brown.

A century after the 1871 Act, the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which currently regulates bank holidays in the UK, was passed.[14] The majority of the current bank holidays were specified in the 1971 Act: however New Year's Day and May Day were not introduced throughout the whole of the UK until 1974 and 1978 respectively.[15] The date of the August bank holiday was changed from the first Monday in August to the last Monday in August, and the Whitsun bank holiday (Whit Monday) was replaced by the Late Spring Bank Holiday, fixed as the last Monday in May.[16] In 1978 the first Monday in May in the rest of the UK, and the final Monday of May in Scotland, were designated as bank holidays.[17]

In January 2007, the St Andrew's Day Bank Holiday (Scotland) Act 2007 was given royal assent, making 30 November (or the nearest Monday if a weekend) a bank holiday in Scotland.[18]

In the present day, bank holidays have seen retailers offer large discounts to entice people to shop, particularly for large domestic purchases such as electrical goods and furniture.[citation needed] In particular, Argos, Currys and Amazon typically have large discounts and high revenues on these days.[citation needed]

Boxing Day
Boxing Day is a holiday celebrated in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and other Commonwealth countries. UK Legislation does not use the term Boxing Day, but it is common to refer to the Bank Holiday that falls on Boxing Day as the Boxing Day Bank Holiday. Confusion / dispute arises over whether Boxing Day is (i) always 26 December, (ii) always 26 December unless it is a Sunday in which case Boxing Day is the next Day, or (iii) The day on which the Bank Holiday in lieu of it falls if 26 December is a Saturday or a Sunday. There are historical assertions in the works of Samuel Pepys and the OED that Boxing Day does not fall on a Sunday but is transferred to the next day and this accords with many people's memories / customs.

When 26 December is a Sunday the legislation specifically provides a Bank Holiday on Monday 27 December (as it does if 25 December is a Sunday). The legislation does not specifically provide for Bank Holidays in lieu of 25 or 26 December when they fall on a Saturday, but these will be made by Royal Proclamation.

Regional variations
In mainland Britain, while New Year's Day and Christmas Day are national holidays, other bank holidays are not necessarily public holidays, since the Scots instead observe traditional local custom and practice for their public holidays.
In Northern Ireland, once again, bank holidays other than New Year's Day and Christmas Day are not necessarily public holidays.
Good Friday and Christmas Day are common law holidays, except in Scotland, where they are bank holidays.[19][20][21][22]
Outside Scotland, if Christmas Day is a Sunday there is an additional statutory holiday on 27 December. By Royal Proclamation, if 25 December is a Saturday there is a substitute holiday on 28 December. If 26 December is a Sunday there is again a statutory holiday on 27 December, and if 26 December is a Saturday there is a substitute holiday by Royal Proclamation on 28 December. Effectively what happens is that if a holiday falls at the weekend a substitute day is given in lieu.

أماندا هولدن

أماندا هولدن

أماندا لويس هولدن(بالإنجليزية: Amanda Holden)‏ (ولدت: 16 فبراير 1971 - )؛ ممثلة إنجليزية، اشتهرت لقيامها بدور سارة تريفانيون في مسلسل (Wild at Heart)، ولزواجها من مذيع برنامج (Family Fortunes) لِيس دينيس، وهي أحد أعضاء لجنة التحكيم في البرنامج التلفزيوني (Britain's Got Talent).
النشأة
ولدت هولدن في مطرانية والثام في مقاطعة هامبشاير. أمها ماري جوديث هاريسون كوليسترن وزوج أمها ليزلي درو كوليستر توليا رعايتها في قرية والثام شاس بمقاطعة هامبشاير. عندما بلغت التاسعة من عمرها التحقت بفرقة مسرحية صغيرة بأسقفية والثام، ووثقت في إنجي بلاكفورد كشخصية مؤثرة في وقت مبكر من مجال عملها. وعندما بلغت السادسة عشرة انتقلت الأسرة إلى بورنماوث دورسيت وأقامت خانا للمبيت والإفطار (B&B)، في الوقت الذي درست فيه أماندا الدراما والأدب الإنجليزي في المستويات الراقية مع كل من تيري كلارك وتشارلز لامب في مسرح جيليكو، والذي أصبح الآن جزءا من جامعة بورنماوث. وعندما بلغت الثامنة عشرة اجتازت بنجاح اختبارا لمدرسة السينما المستقلة أكاديمية مونتفيو للفنون المسرحية (Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts) في منطقة وود جرين شمال لندن، وتركت المدرسة في يوليو عام 1992 بواسطة

مجال التلفزيون
كان أول ظهور لها على شاشات التلفاز كمتسابق في البرنامج البريطاني (Blind Date) عام 1991، ومنذ ذلك الحين أصبحت وجها مألوفا على شاشات التلفاز البريطاني. اشتهرت هولدن لدورها في مسلسل الدراما (Wild at Heart) على شبكة(ITV) البريطانية، حيث قامت بدور سارة تريفانيون. كما اشتهرت لكونها محكٍّمة في البرنامج التلفزيوني (Britain's Got Talent) جنبا إلى جنب مع بيرس مورجان وسيمون كويل. كما ظهرت في العديد من المسلسلات الكوميدية والدرامية البريطانية، ومنها: (Smack the Pony) و(Eastenders) و(Hearts and Bones) و(Cutting It)، وشاركت في البطولة مع هاري إنفيلد في المسلسل الكوميدي (Celeb).

وفي أبريل أفيد أن شبكة (CBS) الأمريكية عرضت على أماندا وظيفة تقديم ضيف سابق على برنامج (The Early Show) وهو برنامج حواري نهاري.[1] هولدن أكدت أنها سوف تقدم البرنامج، وسيقدم جنبا إلى جنب مع المقدّمينِ الدائمين هاري سميث وماجي رودريجوز في الأول من يونيو. ومنذ ذلك الحين وقعت هولدن عقدا مع شبكة (CBS) كمراسل بريطاني لبرنامج (The Early Show).

وفي يوليو 2009 أصبحت هولدن كاتبة في أعمدة حديث المجتمع للمشاهير الشرقيين ذائعي الصيت لمجلة (News of the World) في يوليو 2009.

مجال التمثيل
ظهرت هولدن في العديد من المسرحيات الغنائية، وفي 2004 رشحت لجائزة (Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for Best Actress in a Musical) وذلك لأدائها في فيلم (Thoroughly Modern Millie) من ويست إند، والذي انتهى لأنها لم تأخذ راتبها، وعلى الرغم من أن المتبقي من الأصوات وافقوا لكي يحافظوا على استمرار البرنامج. وكان أحدث ظهور لها في التلفزيون في دراما شبكة (ITV1) البريطانية (Wild at Heart) جنبا إلى جنب مع ستيفن تومكينسون. وقد بثَّ المسلسل الأول عام 2006، وتلاه الثاني مطلع عام 2007. امتد المسلسل الثالث من 20 يناير إلى 9 مارس 2008، بعدما تركت هولدن البرنامج.

مسلسلات هولدن الجيدة الأخرى شملت المسلسل الثلاثي قمة الكوميديا (Kiss Me Kate) جنبا إلى جنب مع كارولين كوينتين، المسلسل الثلاثي على شبكة (ITV) البريطانية (The Grimleys)، و(Celeb) مع هاري إنفيلد، مسلسل البي بي سي المشاد به نقديا (Hearts and Bones) جنبا إلى جنب مع دوماين لويس، سلسلة جوناثان كريك (The Problem at Gallowes Gate)، يوم عيد عمال الخدمات (Marple) جنبا إلى جنب مع كل من جيرالدين ماك إيوان وجون حنا. كما شاركت في البطولة مع بيل نيجي والسيد توم كورتيناي في (Ready When You Are, Mr McGill) وهو دراما كوميدية كلاسيكية للكاتب جاك روزينثال.

الحياة الشخصية
تزوجت هولدن من الممثل الكوميدي ليس دينيس عام 1995. ثم انفصلا في ديسمبر عام 2002، وجرى الطلاق في 2003. وفي 21 يناير عام 2006 أنجبت هولدن طفلها الأول أليكسا، ليكسا لويس فلورنسا هيوز.. تزوجت أماندا المنتج الشهير كريس هيوز في ديسمبر عام 2008، مع ديفيد كولتارد السائق في سباقات فورمولا وان بوصفه أفضل رجل.

أماندا وهي من مشجعي فريق كرة قدم نادي (Everton) أعربت عن بالغ قلقها في برنامج (Parkinson) الذي يذاع على شبكة (ITV) في مايو عام 2007 بسبب خسارة فريق (Everton) بنتيجة 4-2 أمام فريق (Manchester United) بعد الفوز بنتيجة 2-0، كانت أماندا هي واجهة حملة فريق (Everton) لمكافحة سرطان الثدي عام 2007. وفي مقابلة في برنامج (This Morning) على شبكة (ITV) في 29 مايو عام 2009 أعربت عن خيبة أملها عند اكتشاف أنها لن تستطيع حضور المباراة النهائية بين فريقي (Everton) و(Chelsea) في اليوم التالي، وذلك لأنها كانت في هذا اليوم نفسه في نهائي برنامج (Britain's Got Talent). ومع ذلك فقد شوهدت هولدن في تغطية شبكة (ITV) للنهائي في ستاد ويمبلي في المبارة قبل النهائية.

وفي 13 أبريل عام 2008 قطعت هولدن مارثون لندن  باسم (Born Free Foundation) في أربع ساعات و13 دقيقة بعد جمع العامة والرعاة المشاهير على الإنترنت.

قائمة الأفلام
Big Top (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2009)
Britain's Got Talent (تلفزيوني) (من 2007 إلى الوقت الحاضر)
Wild at Heart (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2006-2008)
Mad About Alice (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2004)
4:50 From Paddington (فيلم تلفزيوني) (2004)
Eternal Rectangle (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2003)
Ready When You Are, Mr McGill (فيلم) (2002)
Cutting It (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2002-2005)
Celeb (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2002)
Now You See Her (فيلم تلفزيوني) (2001)
Happy Birthday Shakespeare (فيلم تلفزيوني) (2000)
Hearts and Bones (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (2000)
The Grimleys (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (1999-2001)
Virtual Sexuality (فيلم) (1999)
Don't Go Breaking My Heart (فيلم) (1998)
Kiss Me Kate (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (1998-2001)
Jonathan Creek (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (1998)
Goodness Gracious Me (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (1998)
Intimate Relations (فيلم) (1996)
EastEnders as Carmen (مسلسل تلفزيوني) (1994)
Blind Date المتسابق (1991)

Amanda Holden

Amanda Holden

Amanda Louise Holden[3] (born 16 February 1971)[1] is an English media personality, actress, television presenter, singer, and author. She has judged on the television talent show competition Britain's Got Talent since the show began its run in 2007 on ITV. As an actress, Holden played the role of Mel in Kiss Me Kate (1998–2000), Geraldine Titley in The Grimleys (1999–2001), Sarah Trevanion in Wild at Heart (2006–2008), Lizzie, the Ring Mistress, in Big Top (2009), and the title role in Thoroughly Modern Millie, for which she was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award.

Holden has presented various television shows for ITV, including The Sun Military Awards (2009–2014), Superstar (2012), This Morning (2014–present), Text Santa (2015), Give a Pet a Home (2015), and I've Got Something To Tell You (2016). In 2019, she became the co-host of the Heart Breakfast radio show with Jamie Theakston.
Early life
Although born in Portsmouth, Holden spent much of her childhood in Bishop's Waltham and, at aged 9, she joined Bishop's Waltham Little Theatre Company. She attended Swanmore Secondary School (now Swanmore College), where a teacher recalled that she had a natural talent on stage. At 16 she moved to Bournemouth,[4][5] and then attended Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts.[6]

Career
Television
Holden's first television appearance was as a contestant on the game show Blind Date in 1991. From 2006 to 2008, Holden appeared as Sarah Trevanian in three series of ITV's Wild at Heart co-starring Stephen Tompkinson.

Holden's other TV credits include three series of the comedy Kiss Me Kate with Caroline Quentin and Chris Langham, three series of the ITV's The Grimleys, Celeb with Harry Enfield, BBC series Hearts and Bones with Damian Lewis, the Jonathan Creek episode "The Problem at Gallowes Gate" and a Boxing Day special Marple opposite Geraldine McEwan and John Hannah. She also co-starred with Bill Nighy and Tom Courtenay in Ready When You Are, Mr McGill, Jack Rosenthal's comedy drama. Holden is a judge on Britain's Got Talent along with Simon Cowell, David Walliams, and Alesha Dixon. She joined the show in 2007.

She has appeared on British series such as Smack the Pony, EastEnders, Hearts and Bones, Cutting It and with Harry Enfield in comedy series Celeb.[7]

In 2009, Holden appeared as Lizzie, the Ring Mistress in the BBC sitcom Big Top. In April 2009, it was reported that the US network CBS had offered Holden the job of the one-time guest presenter on The Early Show, a daytime talk show. On 1 June 2009, she appeared with regular presenters Harry Smith and Maggie Rodriguez. Holden has since signed up with CBS as a British correspondent for The Early Show.

From 2009 until 2014, Holden co-presented A Night of Heroes: The Sun Military Awards annually on ITV with Phillip Schofield. In January 2010, she presented her own four-part series, Amanda Holden's Fantasy Lives, in which she tried out four of her dream jobs including working as a showgirl in Paris and a magician's assistant in Las Vegas.

In 2010, Holden co-presented The Door with Chris Tarrant. In 2011, Holden narrated the documentary The Nation's Favourite Bee Gees Song on ITV. On 6 July 2012, Holden guest presented an episode of Lorraine, standing in for Lorraine Kelly. She returned to guest present six further episodes of the show from 4–8 April and 4 July 2016.

In 2012 Holden presented talent show Superstar on ITV. On 24 March 2014, she hosted an episode of the Channel 4 show Dispatches about the treatment for stillbirths and miscarriages.

From 22 September to 18 December 2014, Holden filled in as a co-host on This Morning with Phillip Schofield during Holly Willoughby's maternity leave. She took a short break in January and February 2015 to record the Britain's Got Talent auditions. Christine Lampard stood in for Holden during this time, before she returning to the show from 2 March until 17 July 2015.[8] She returned to This Morning in 2017, to co-present numerous episodes with Ben Shephard.

Holden presented a six-part factual series for ITV called Give a Pet a Home which worked alongside the RSPCA finding homes for animals. The series aired in April and May 2015.[9]

On 18 December 2015, Holden was part of the presenting team for ITV's Christmas telethon Text Santa. In 2016, she presented I've Got Something To Tell You, a factual series for the W television channel.[10][11] She appeared as Miss Pentangle in CBBC's The Worst Witch in 2017.

Theatre
Holden has appeared in several stage musicals and in 2004, was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her performance in the West End production of Thoroughly Modern Millie,[7] which closed earlier than expected in June 2004.[12][13]

Holden finished playing the role of Princess Fiona in the original West End production of Shrek the Musical, which began on 6 May 2011. The show opened at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane on 14 June 2011.[14] She starred with Nigel Lindsay, Richard Blackwood and Nigel Harman. Holden departed the show on 3 October 2011, ten weeks earlier than planned, to focus on her unborn child and was replaced by Girls Aloud singer Kimberley Walsh. For this role, Holden won the WhatsOnStage.com Theatregoers' Choice Award for Best Actress in a Musical.[15] In 2016, Holden starred in a West End revival of Stepping Out[16] and reprised her role when it opened at the Vaudeville Theatre in March 2017.[17]

Film
In 1996 Holden played Pamela in Intimate Relations. In 1999, she appeared as a shoe shop assistant in Virtual Sexuality. She was uncredited in the 2013 film One Chance.

Other work
In July 2009 Holden became a gossip columnist for the News of the World.[18]

From 2010 until 2012, Holden appeared in television commercial adverts for supermarket chain Tesco. Since 2012, she has appeared in the television commercial adverts for Danone Oykos low fat yoghurt.

In October 2013 Amanda released her autobiography called No Holding Back[19] which became a Sunday Times best-seller.

In 2015 she was the new face of the Alpen Brighter Morning Challenge.[20]

In 2019 Holden signed a recording contract with Virgin EMI Records.[21]

Radio
It was announced in April 2019 that Holden would replace Emma Bunton, as the co-host of Heart Breakfast with Jamie Theakston, at the same time as it went national on 3 June.[citation needed]

Personal life
Holden married comedian Les Dennis in June 1995. The couple separated temporarily in 2000 after Holden's affair with actor Neil Morrissey[22] was the subject of press interest, before separating permanently in December 2002 and divorcing in 2003. Around this time, she alleges that she was sexually assaulted by an "unnamed famous comedian" at a public event.[23]

In 2006, Holden gave birth to her first child with her fiancé, record producer Chris Hughes.[24] She married Hughes at Babington House,[25] Somerset, on 10 December 2008 with former Formula One racing driver David Coulthard acting as best man. After a miscarriage in 2010, she suffered their son being stillborn at seven months in 2011.[26] In 2012, despite medical complications, she gave birth to their second daughter.[27]

In 2010, Holden campaigned to keep a Sainsbury's supermarket out of Bishop's Waltham. Residents of her hometown later accused her of a double standard in November 2010 when she signed a deal to appear in advertisements for Tesco, the UK supermarket chain.[28]

In December 2016, Holden's ancestry was the subject of a BBC programme in the Who Do You Think You Are? series.[29] The investigation discovered that her Cornish 5x great-grandfather Collin Thomas served a year's imprisonment, after breaking his apprenticeship as a cordwainer, by enlisting in the Royal Navy and leaving the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland aged 15. Ten years later, while serving in the British Army after the Peninsular War, he met and married a French woman and began a family near Bordeaux, France, before then moving his wife and eldest children back to Great Britain and Ireland.[30] In addition, it transpired that her grandfather Frank Holden, a psychiatric nurse, was aboard the RMS Lancastria, when it was bombed by the German Luftwaffe in June 1940 outside the port of Saint-Nazaire and sank with the loss of thousands of lives.[31] Frank Holden committed suicide in his 70s.[32]

Holden has been a long-standing fan of English Premier League Football Club Everton, attending home and away games when her schedule allows.[33] She has been vegetarian since she was thirteen.[34]

5G and Covid-19 conspiracy theory
In April 2020, Holden shared a link on Twitter to her 2 million followers to an online petition promoting the conspiracy theory that 5G telecommunications technology is responsible for the spread of the Covid-19 virus. Holden deleted her tweet saying it was sent by mistake and the petition was removed.[35][36]

Charity
Holden fronted Everton's breast cancer awareness campaign, sporting a limited edition baby pink club shirt, the colour of breast cancer awareness.[37] She is a patron of the football club's charity, Everton In the Community.[38] In September 2011, Holden was sponsored to bake a cake for every child in the Great Ormond Street Hospital.[39]

On 13 April 2008, Holden ran the London Marathon in 4 hours and 13 minutes, in the name of the Born Free Foundation,[40] having collected public and celebrity sponsors online. Since 2013, Holden has presented the RSPCA's Animal Hero Awards.

In 2013, she became a celebrity ambassador for Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, following her work with Pedigree's 'Buy One, Feed One' campaign that she, along with Paul O'Grady have been supporting together. O'Grady is also an ambassador for Battersea.[41]

In June 2018, Holden was photographed underwater by Zena Holloway.[42] She posed as a mermaid in an awareness campaign for PETA to highlight the 'disgusting treatment' of orcas at SeaWorld.[43]

Holden and Hughes live in Surrey.[44] Holden also owns a cottage in the Cotswolds which she has been renovating since 2017

زياد علي

زياد علي محمد