الأربعاء، 1 يوليو 2020

ليدز يونايتد

ليدز يونايتد

نادي ليدز يونايتد لكرة القدم هو نادي إنجليزي يلعب حالياً في دوري الدرجة الأولى الإنجليزي، يقع في مقاطعة يوركشاير (في غرب يوركشاير)، وتم تأسيسه عام 1919 وملعب النادي الحالي هو الإيلاند رود. لنادي ليدز يونايتد ألقاب وأسماء مستعارة والأكثرها شيوعاً هي البيض (The Whites) لأن لباسهم الأصلي والأول هو فانيلة بيضاء وسروال أبيض، وأيضاً الطواويس (The Peacocks) وتعني، وسبب تسمية الاسم الثاني هو لأن الشارع الذي يقع أمام ملعب النادي اسمه شارع الطاووس وفيه حانة شهيرة ومن أكبر الحانات في مدينة ليدز اسمها حانة الطاووس.

الحقبة الذهبية للنادي كانت في ستينيات وسبعينيات القرن الماضي حيث فاز لأول مرة في تاريخه ببطولة الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز عام 1969، ثم فاز بها مجدداً عام 1974 وكان رئيس النادي آنذاك هو دون ريفي الذي استقطب لاعبين من الطراز العالمي للفوز ببطولات الدوري هذه وأيضاً حقق معاه النادي بطولة كأس رابطة المحترفين الإنجليزية عام 1968 وكذلك بطولة كأس الإتحاد الإنجليزي عام 1972. ولكن دون ريفي رحل بعد ذلك عن رئاسة نادي ليدز يونايتد وتغير حال النادي تماماً وهبط إلى دوري الدرجة الثانية عام 1982، ثم قاد المدرب ويلكنسون هاورد نادي ليدز يونايتد مجدداً إلى دوري الأضواء عام 1990 وحقق معه بطولة الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز عام 1992، وخلال الفترة ما بين أعوام 1990 و2000 تنافس النادي وبقوة على المستوى الأوروبي والقاري حيث وصل النادي إلى أدوار متقدمة من بطولة كأس الإتحاد الأوروبي المعروف حالياً. وبعد صعوبات مالية حادة واجهت النادي في بداية الألفية الجديدة هبط النادي إلى الدرجة الأولى ومن ثم إلى الدرجة الثانية وقضى فيه ثلاثة مواسم متتالية، ولكنه عاد مجدداً إلى دوري الدرجة الأولى في موسم 2
كان هناك نادي بسيط قبل تأسيس نادي ليدز يونايتد عام 1919 اسمه فقط نادي ليدز والذي تأسس عام 1904، لم يكن نادي رسمي ولم يكن يلعب في دوريات رسمية، ثم في عام 1919 تلقى نادي ليدز دعوة من جامعة ليدز الكبيرة للعب في دوري الجامعات على مستوى إنجلترا والمعروفة حالياً بدوري الهواة، وعلى هذا الأساس بدأ تاريخ نادي ليدز يونايتد وبدأ شيئاً فشيئاً دخول بحر وعالم كرة القدم.

Leeds United

Leeds United

Leeds United Football Club is a professional football club in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. The club was formed in 1919 following the disbanding of Leeds City F.C. by the Football League and took over their Elland Road stadium. They play in the Championship, the second tier of English football. 

Leeds United have won three English league titles, one FA Cup, one League Cup, two Charity/Community Shields and two Inter-Cities Fairs Cups. The club reached the 1975 European Cup Final, losing to Bayern Munich. Leeds reached the semi-finals of the tournament's successor, the Champions League in 2001.  The club were also runners-up in the European Cup Winners Cup final in 1973. The majority of the honours were won under the management of Don Revie in the 1960s and 1970s.

Leeds play in all-white kits at home matches.  The club's badge features the White Rose of York together with the monogram LUFC.  The club's anthem is Marching on Together. Leeds share rivalries with Manchester United, Chelsea and Millwall, as well as with local teams such as Huddersfield Town, Bradford City and Sheffield Wednesday.
Leeds United's predecessor team, Leeds City, was formed in 1904 and elected to League membership in 1905. At first they found it hard to draw big crowds to Elland Road but their fortunes improved following Herbert Chapman's arrival. In 1914 Chapman declared; "This city is built to support top-flight football", but Leeds City were forcibly disbanded and forced to sell off all their players by The Football League in 1919 in response to allegations of illegal payments to players during the First World War. In 1919, Leeds United was formed and they received an invitation to enter the Midland League, being voted into it on 31 October, taking the place vacated by Leeds City Reserves. Following Leeds City's disbanding, Yorkshire Amateurs bought their stadium Elland Road. Yorkshire Amateurs offered to make way for the new team under the management of former player Dick Ray.

The chairman of Huddersfield Town, Hilton Crowther loaned Leeds United £35,000, to be repaid when Leeds United won promotion to Division One. He brought in Barnsley's manager Arthur Fairclough and on 26 February 1920, Dick Ray stepped down to become Fairclough's assistant.
Reference

ليستر

ليستر

ليستر (بالإنجليزية: Leicester)‏ هي إحدى مدن وسط إنجلترا. تُعتبر أكبر مدن شرق وسط أنجلترا تقع ضمن مُقاطعة ليسترشير وهي اليوم تدار بشكل مستقل. تقع ليستر على نهر السور على طرف الغابة الوطنية الأنجليزية. يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 285 ألف و441 ألف مع ضواحيها تحتل المركز العاشر من حيث عدد السكان في إنجلترا والمركز 13 في المملكة المتحدة والمركز الـ96 في أوروبا. تُعتبر من أقدم المدن الإنجليزية وقد أوجدها الرومان.

تقع على الطريق السريع الواصل بين لندن وشمال إنجلترا الـM1. تبعد ليستر 170 كم عن شمال لندن وهي في موقع مميز من وسط إنجلترا حيث أنها قريبه جداً من مدينة بيرمينغهام ثاني مدن إنجلترا ومدينة كوفنتري ونوتينغهام ودربي وشفيلد وليدز. أيضًا المدينة مُرتبطة بشبكة قطارات حديثة تصل ما بينها وبين لندن والمدن الأخرى من حولها. تعتبر ليستر اليوم من أهم المراكز التجارية والصناعية وكذلك التعليمية في وسط إنجلترا بشكل خاص والمملكة المتحدة بشكل عام. تشتهر بصناعة المنتوجات الغذائية والملابس والأحذية والمصنوعات الإلكترونية والهندسية والمطبوعات والبلاستيك.
تُعتبر ليستر إحدى أقدم مدن أنجلترا حيث بناها الرومان من حوالي 2000 عام بالتحديد 50 قبل الميلاد لتكون ثكنه عسكرية. وكانت تُسمى أنذاك بـ راتي كوريتنورم أزدهرت المدينة لتصبح مركز عسكري وتجاري مهم وأصبحت راتي كوريتنورم من أكبر المدن الرومانية في أنجلترا. عٌندما ترك الرومان بريطانيا في القرن الخامس أصبحت المدينة شبة مهجورة ثم سكنها السكسونين. في القرن التاسع أحتلها الفايكنغ ولكن بقائهم لم يكن طويلًا في بريطانيا وسرعان ماعادت ليستر تحت الحكم الأنجليزي مع ظهور الملكية الإنجليزية. ورد اسم مدينة ليستر في كتاب ديموندزي تحت اسم ليدستر بالانجليزية Ledecestre.
مراجع

Leicester

Leicester

is a city and unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and the county town of Leicestershire. The city lies on the River Soar and close to the eastern end of the National Forest.   It is to the north-east of Birmingham and Coventry, south of Nottingham, and west of Peterborough.

The 2016 mid year estimate of the population of the City of Leicester unitary authority was 348,300, an increase of approximately 18,500 (Increase 5.6%) from the 2011 census figure of 329,839, making it the most populous municipality in the East Midlands region. The associated urban area is also the 11th most populous in England and the 13th most populous in the United Kingdom. 

Leicester is at the intersection of two major railway lines—the north–south Midland Main Line and the east/west Birmingham to London Stansted CrossCountry line; as well as the confluence of the M1/M69 motorways and the A6/A46 trunk routes. Leicester is the home to football club Leicester City and rugby club Leicester Tigers.
The name of Leicester comes from Old English. It is first recorded in Latinised form in the early ninth century as Legorensis civitatis and in Old English itself in an Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry for 924 as Ligera ceastre (and, in various spellings, frequently thereafter). In the Domesday Book of 1086, it is recorded as Ledecestre. 
The first element of the name is the name of a people, the Ligore (whose name appears in Ligera ceastre in the genitive plural form); their name came in turn from the river Ligor (now the River Soar), the origin of whose name is uncertain but thought to be from Brittonic (possibly cognate with the name of the Loire). 

The second element of the name is the Old English word ceaster ("(Roman) fort, fortification, town", itself borrowed from Latin castrum). 
A list of British cities in the ninth-century History of the Britons includes one Cair Lerion; Leicester has been proposed as the place to which this refers (and the Welsh name for Leicester is Caerlŷr). But this identification is not certain. 

Based on the Welsh name (given as Kaerleir), Geoffrey of Monmouth proposes a king Leir of Britain as an eponymous founder in his Historia Regum Britanniae (12th century)
Reference

Roy Keane

Roy Keane

Roy Maurice Keane (born 10 August 1971) is an Irish football pundit, manager and former professional player. He is the joint-most successful Irish footballer of all time, having won 19 major trophies, 17 of which came at Manchester United, in his club career.  He served as the assistant manager of the Republic of Ireland national team from 2013 until 2018.  Regarded as one of the best midfielders of his generation, in 2004 Keane was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.  In 2007, The Times placed him at number 11 in their list of the 50 "hardest" footballers in history. 

In his 18-year playing career, Keane played for Cobh Ramblers, Nottingham Forest and Manchester United, before ending his career at Celtic. Keane was a dominating box-to-box midfielder, noted for his aggressive and highly competitive style of play, an attitude that helped him excel as captain of Manchester United from 1997 until his departure in 2005. Keane helped United achieve a sustained period of success during his 12 years at the club. He then signed for Celtic, where he won a domestic double before he retired as a player in 2006.

Keane played at international level for the Republic of Ireland over 14 years, most of which he spent as captain. At the 1994 FIFA World Cup, he played in every Republic of Ireland game. He was sent home from the 2002 FIFA World Cup after a dispute with national coach Mick McCarthy over the team's training facilities.

Keane was appointed manager of Sunderland shortly after his retirement as a player and took the club from 23rd position in the Football League Championship, in late August, to win the division title and gain promotion to the Premier League.  He resigned in December 2008,  and from April 2009 to January 2011, he was manager of Championship club Ipswich Town.  In November 2013, he was appointed assistant manager of the Republic of Ireland national team by manager Martin O'Neill. Keane has also worked as a studio analyst for British channel ITV's football coverage.
Keane was born into a working class family in Ballinderry Park, Mayfield, Cork. His father, Maurice, took work wherever he could find, which led to jobs at a local knitwear company and at Murphy's Irish Stout brewery, among others. His family were keen on sport, football especially, and many of his relatives had played for junior clubs in Cork, including Rockmount. Keane took up boxing at the age of nine and trained for several years, winning all of his four bouts in the novice league. During this period he was developing as a much more promising footballer at Rockmount, and his potential was highlighted when he was voted Player of the Year in his first season. Many of his teammates were offered trials abroad with English football teams, but Keane was not.

Keane supported Celtic and Tottenham Hotspur as a child, citing Liam Brady and Glenn Hoddle as his favourite players, but as time progressed, Manchester United's Bryan Robson became the footballer he most admired
Reference

كارديف سيتي



كارديف سيتي

نادي كارديف ستي (بالإنجليزية: Cardiff City F.C)‏ هو نادي كرة قدم في ويلز تأسس في 1899 بمدينة كارديف في ويلز. يلعب في الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز. يلعب الفريق مبارايته الرسمية على ملعب كارديف سيتي والذي يتسع لحضور 26,896 متفرج. فاز بـكأس إنجلترا عام 1927 من أمام نادي آرسنال، وحصل على الوصافة عام 1925 و 2008 حيث خسرها أمام نادي بورتسموث.
المراجع

Cardiff City

Cardiff City

Cardiff City Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Dinas Caerdydd) is a professional association football club based in Cardiff, Wales. It competes in the Championship, the second tier of the English football league system. Founded in 1899 as Riverside A.F.C., the club changed its name to Cardiff City in 1908 and entered the Southern Football League in 1910 before joining the English Football League in 1920. The team have spent 17 seasons in the top tier of English football since, the longest period being between 1921 and 1929. Their most recent season in the top flight was the 2018–19 Premier League season.

Cardiff is the only team from outside England to have won the FA Cup, doing so in 1927. They have also reached three other cup finals in English competitions, the 1925 FA Cup Final against Sheffield United, the 2008 FA Cup Final against Portsmouth and the 2012 Football League Cup Final against Liverpool, suffering defeat on each occasion. They have won the Welsh Cup on 22 occasions, making them the second most successful team in the competition's history behind Wrexham.

With the exception of a short period this century, the team have played in home colours of blue and white since 1908, which gives them the nickname "The Bluebirds". Cardiff's first permanent ground was Ninian Park opened in 1910; it remained in use for 99 years until the club moved into the Cardiff City Stadium in 2009. Cardiff have long-standing rivalries with nearby clubs Swansea City, with whom they contest the South Wales derby, and Bristol City, with whom they contest the Severnside derby. The club's record appearance holder is Billy Hardy, who made 590 appearances in a 20-year playing spell with Cardiff, and their record goalscorer is Len Davies with 179 goals.
Following a meeting at the home of lithographic artist Bartley Wilson in Cardiff,  the club was founded in 1899 as Riverside A.F.C. as a way of keeping players from the Riverside Cricket Club together and in shape during the winter months.  In their first season, they played friendlies against local sides at their Sophia Gardens ground. In 1900 they joined the Cardiff & District League for their first competitive season.  When King Edward VII granted Cardiff city status in 1905, the club put in a request to the South Wales and Monmouthshire Football Association to change their name to Cardiff City.  The request was turned down as they were deemed not to be playing at a high enough level. To enhance their standing, the team arranged to join the South Wales Amateur League in 1907. The following year they were granted permission to change the name of the club to Cardiff City. 

Although growing in stature, the club was forced to turn down the opportunity to join the newly formed Second Division of the Southern Football League due to a lack of facilities at their Sophia Gardens ground. Over the next two years, Cardiff played friendlies against some of Britain's top professional sides, including Middlesbrough, Bristol City and Crystal Palace. The matches were played at grounds in Cardiff and nearby towns so as to gauge the level of public interest in the team.  The club eventually secured land to build their own stadium, Ninian Park, which was completed in 1910. The club turned professional the same year. They made their first signing the following year with the acquisition of Jack Evans from fellow Welsh side Cwmparc. 

With the new ground in place, Cardiff joined the Southern Football League Second Division  and appointed their first manager, Davy McDougall, who became player-manager.  They went on to finish in fourth place in their first year in the league. The board decided to replace McDougall with Fred Stewart, who had previous managerial experience with Stockport County.  He set about adopting a more professional approach, signing several players with Football League experience, including brothers John and George Burton and Billy Hardy. Stewart led the team to promotion in his second season by winning the Second Division title. They remained in the First Division for the next decade, and finished in the top four on two occasions
Reference

زياد علي

زياد علي محمد