أديداس

أديداس

أديداس (بالألمانية: adidas) شركة ملابس رياضية مقرها ألمانيا، وهي علامة تجارية تتألف من عدة شركات، أديداس، وشركة ريبوك للملابس الرياضية، وشركة تايلورميد (بالإنجليزية: taylormade )‏ لمنتجات الجولف (باعتها اديداس سنة 2017)، وشركة روكبورت (بالإنجليزية: Rockport)‏ للأحذية الرياضية، (ياعتها أديداس سنة 2015) لشركة نيو بالانس .

إلى جانب الأحذية الرياضية تنتج الشركة منتجات أخرى مثل الحقائب والقمصان، والساعات والنظارات وغيرها من الملابس المرتبطة بالألعاب الرياضية. تحتل أديداس المرتبة الأولى في صناعة الملابس الرياضية في أوروبا، كما تحتل المرتبة الثانية على مستوى العالم بعد منافستها الأمريكية نايكي .

تصميمات الشركة من الملابس والأحذية تتميز بثلاثة خطوط متوازية، وهو نفس الشعار الرسمي حاليا. في عام 2008، بلغت إيرادات الشركة 10.799 مليار يورو بعد أن كانت 10.299 مليار يورو في عام 2007، أي نحو 15.6 مليار دولارا أمريكيا. ووصلت قيمتها السوقية في عام 2018 إلى 14,3 مليار دولار، وهي تمتلك 1200 مصنع حول العالم، وتوظف الشركة في 65 دولة أكثر من 775 ألف عامل. ترعى أديداس وتبرم اتفاقيات مع نوادٍ شهيرة في عالم كرة القدم، مثل ريال مدريد وتشلسي، يوفينتوس، بايرن ميونخ ومانشتر يونايتد. ومنتخبات ألمانيا وإسبانيا والبرازيل، إضافة إلى أهم لاعبي الكرة مثل ليونيل ميسي، مسعود أوزيل، سيرجيو أوغويرو وبول بوغبا.

بدأ أدولف ("آدي") داسلر تصنيع أحذيته الرياضية في مطبخه في بلدة هرزوجنيوراخ، في بافاريا وذلك بعد عودته من الحرب العالمية الأولى. في عام 1924، انضم إليه شقيقه رودولف (رودي) داسلر وأسسا معا مصنع الأخوان داسلر لصناعة الأحذية ثم ازدهر العمل بهذا المصنع.

في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية 1928، قام داسلر بتجهيز العديد من الرياضيين بهدف توسيع نشاط الشركة على المستوى الدولي. خلال دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1936 في برلين، كان داسلر هو صانع حذاء الرباعى الفائز بالميدالية الذهبية جيسي اوينز من الولايات المتحدة. وفي أواخر الحرب العالمية الثانية، تحول المصنع لإنتاج الأسلحة المضادة للدبابات.

في عام 1947، انفصل الأخوان فأسس رودى شركة بوما، وأسس آدي شركة أديداس. سجلت الشركة رسميا كأديداس إيه جي (000بالأحرف لصغيرة باللغة الإنجليزية)، في 18 أغسطس 1949. مصطلح كل يوم أحلم بالرياضة، وإن كان في بعض الأحيان تعتبر أديداس هي الاسم الأصلي، واستخدم بأثر رجعي. كلمة أديداس مكونة من "أدي" (اسم مستعار لأدولف) و"داس" (من داسلر).

المراجع

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3

Rideau Hall

Rideau Hall

Rideau Hall (officially Government House) is the official residence in Ottawa of both the Canadian monarch and his or her representative, the Governor General of Canada.  It stands in Canada's capital on a 0.36-square-kilometre (88-acre) estate at 1 Sussex Drive, with the main building consisting of approximately 175 rooms across 9,500 square metres (102,000 sq ft), and 27 outbuildings around the grounds. Rideau Hall's site lies outside the centre of Ottawa, giving it the character of a private home  It is one of two official royal residences maintained by the federal Crown, the other being the Citadelle of Quebec.

Most of Rideau Hall is used for state affairs, only 500 square metres (5,400 sq ft) of its area being dedicated to private living quarters, while additional areas serve as the offices of the Canadian Heraldic Authority  and the principal workplace of the governor general and his or her staff; either the term Rideau Hall, as a metonym, or the formal idiom Government House is employed to refer to this bureaucratic branch. Officially received at the palace are foreign heads of state, both incoming and outgoing ambassadors and high commissioners to Canada, and Canadian Crown ministers for audiences with either the viceroy or the sovereign, should the latter be in residence. Rideau Hall is likewise the location of many Canadian award presentations and investitures, where prime ministers and other members of the federal Cabinet are sworn in, and where federal writs of election are "dropped", among other ceremonial and constitutional functions.

Rideau Hall and the surrounding grounds were designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1977.  The house is open to the public for guided tours throughout the year; approximately 200,000 visitors tour Rideau Hall annually.  Since 1934, the Federal District Commission (now the National Capital Commission) has managed the grounds. 

The name Rideau Hall was chosen by Thomas McKay for his villa, drawing inspiration from the Rideau Canal which he had helped construct, though the house was also known colloquially as McKay's Castle.  Once the house became the official residence of the governor general, it was termed formally as Government House. But, Rideau Hall stuck as the informal name and the existence of two names for the building led to some issue: in 1889 the viceregal consort, the Lady Stanley of Preston, was rebuked by Queen Victoria for calling the house Rideau Hall; it was to be Government House, as in all other Empire capitals. Today, however, Rideau Hall is the commonly accepted term for the house, with Government House remaining only in use for very formal or legal affairs; for example, royal proclamations will finish with the phrase: "At Our Government House, in Our City of Ottawa...

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rideau_Hall

Ghislaine Maxwell

Ghislaine Maxwell

Ghislaine Maxwell (/ˌɡiːˈlɛn/ ghee-LEN; born 25 December 1961)  is a British socialite and alleged procurer  who is known for her association with Jeffrey Epstein. The youngest child of disgraced publishing tycoon Robert Maxwell, she moved to the United States after her father's death in 1991 and became a close associate of the financier and subsequently convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein. Maxwell has faced persistent allegations of procuring and sexually trafficking underage girls for Epstein and others, charges she has denied. 

Maxwell founded the ocean-advocacy group The TerraMar Project in 2012. The organization announced closure on 12 July 2019, a week after the sex trafficking charges brought by New York federal prosecutors against Epstein became public  On 27 December 2019, Reuters reported that Maxwell was among those under FBI investigation for facilitating Epstein.  Since Epstein's arrest, Maxwell was in hiding, communicating with the courts only through her lawyers who, as of 30 January 2020, have refused to accept service of three lawsuits on Maxwell's behalf.  On 12 March 2020, she filed a lawsuit in Superior Court in the U.S. Virgin Islands seeking compensation from Epstein's estate for her legal costs.  Maxwell was arrested by the FBI in New Hampshire on 2 July 2020

Ghislaine Maxwell was born in 1961, in Maisons-Laffitte, France,[9] the ninth and youngest child of Elisabeth (née Meynard), a French-born scholar, and Robert Maxwell, a Czechoslovak-born British media proprietor. Her father was from a Jewish family and her mother was of Huguenot descent. Maxwell was born two days before a car accident left her older brother Michael in a prolonged coma at age 15, unresponsive for several years until his death in 1967.  Her mother reflected that the accident had an effect on the entire family, with Ghislaine becoming anorexic while still a toddler. Throughout childhood, Ghislaine resided with her family in Oxford at Headington Hill Hall, a 53-room mansion, where the offices of Pergamon Press, a publishing company run by Robert Maxwell, were also located.  Her mother said all her children were brought up Anglican.  Maxwell attended Marlborough College, and Balliol College, Oxford. 

Maxwell had an unusually close relationship with her father and was widely credited with being her father's favourite child. The Times reported that Robert Maxwell did not permit Ghislaine to bring her boyfriends home or to be seen with them publicly, after she started attending Oxford University.

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghislaine_Maxwell

Stonewall Jackson

Stonewall Jackson

Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson (January 21, 1824 – May 10, 1863) served as a Confederate general (1861–1863) during the American Civil War, and became one of the best-known Confederate commanders after General Robert E. Lee.  Jackson played a prominent role in nearly all military engagements in the Eastern Theater of the war until his death, and had a key part in winning many significant battles.

Born in what was then part of Virginia (in present-day West Virginia), Jackson received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point and graduated in the class of 1846. He served in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War of 1846–1848 and distinguished himself at Chapultepec. From 1851 to 1861 he taught at the Virginia Military Institute, where he was unpopular with his students. During this time, he married twice. His first wife died giving birth, but his second wife, Mary Anna Morrison, lived until 1915. When Virginia seceded from the Union in May 1861 after the attack on Fort Sumter, Jackson joined the Confederate Army. He distinguished himself commanding a brigade at the First Battle of Bull Run in July, providing crucial reinforcements and beating back a fierce Union assault. In this context Barnard Elliott Bee Jr. compared him to a "stone wall", hence his enduring nickname.

Jackson performed exceptionably well in the campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley in 1862. Despite an initial defeat due largely to faulty intelligence, through swift and careful maneuvers Jackson was able to defeat three separate Union armies and prevent any of them from reinforcing General George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac in its campaign against Richmond. Jackson then quickly moved his three divisions to reinforce General Lee's Army of Northern Virginia in defense of Richmond. He performed poorly in the Seven Days Battles against George B. McClellan's Army of the Potomac, as he was frequently late arriving on the field. During the Northern Virginia Campaign that summer, Jackson's troops captured and destroyed an important supply depot for General John Pope's Army of Virginia, and then withstood repeated assaults from Pope's troops at the Second Battle of Bull Run. Jackson's troops played a prominent role in September's Maryland Campaign, capturing the town of Harpers Ferry, a strategic location, and providing a defense of the Confederate Army's left at Antietam. At Fredericksburg in December, Jackson's corps buckled but ultimately beat back an assault by the Union Army under Major General Ambrose Burnside. In late April and early May 1863, faced with a larger Union army now commanded by Joseph Hooker at Chancellorsville, Lee divided his force three ways. On May 2, Jackson took his 30,000 troops and launched a surprise attack against the Union right flank, driving the opposing troops back about two miles. That evening he was accidentally shot by Confederate pickets. The general lost his left arm to amputation; weakened by his wounds, he died of pneumonia eight days later.

Military historians regard Jackson as one of the most gifted tactical commanders in U.S. history.   His tactics are studied even today. His death proved a severe setback for the Confederacy, affecting not only its military prospects, but also the morale of its army and the general public. After Jackson's death, his military exploits developed a legendary quality, becoming an important element of the ideology of the "Lost Cause". 

Thomas Jonathan Jackson  was the great-grandson of John Jackson (1715/1719–1801) and Elizabeth Cummins (also known as Elizabeth Comings and Elizabeth Needles) (1723–1828). John Jackson was an Irish Protestant from Coleraine, County Londonderry, Ireland. While living in London, England, he was convicted of the capital crime of larceny for stealing £170; the judge at the Old Bailey sentenced him to seven years penal transportation. Elizabeth, a strong, blonde woman over 6 feet (180 cm) tall, born in London, was also convicted of felony larceny in an unrelated case for stealing 19 pieces of silver, jewelry, and fine lace, and received a similar sentence. They both were transported on the merchant ship Litchfield, which departed London in May 1749 with 150 convicts. John and Elizabeth met on board and were in love by the time the ship arrived at Annapolis, Maryland. Although they were sent to different locations in Maryland for their bond service, the couple married in July 1755. 

The family migrated west across the Blue Ridge Mountains to settle near Moorefield, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1758. In 1770, they moved farther west to the Tygart Valley. They began to acquire large parcels of virgin farming land near the present-day town of Buckhannon, including 3,000 acres (12 km²) in Elizabeth's name. John and his two teenage sons, were early recruits for the American Revolutionary War, fighting in the Battle of Kings Mountain on October 7, 1780; John finished the war as captain and served as a lieutenant of the Virginia militia after 1787. While the men were in the Army, Elizabeth converted their home to a haven, "Jackson's Fort", for refugees from Indian attacks. 

John and Elizabeth had eight children. Their second son was Edward Jackson (March 1, 1759 – December 25, 1828), and Edward's third son  was Jonathan Jackson, Thomas's father.  Jonathan's mother died on April 17, 1796. Three years later, on October 13, 1799, his father married Elizabeth Wetherholt, and they had nine more children

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonewall_Jackson

CHOPUnsolved Mysteries

Unsolved Mysteries

Unsolved Mysteries is an American mystery documentary television program, created by John Cosgrove and Terry Dunn Meurer. Documenting cold cases and paranormal phenomena, it began as a series of seven specials, presented by Raymond Burr, Karl Malden, and Robert Stack, beginning on NBC on January 20, 1987, becoming a full-fledged series on October 5, 1988, hosted by Stack. After nine seasons on NBC, the series moved to CBS for its 10th season on November 13, 1997. After adding Virginia Madsen as a co-host during season 11 failed to boost slipping ratings, CBS canceled the series after only a two-season, 12-episode run on June 11, 1999. The series was revived by Lifetime in 2000, with season 12 beginning on July 2, 2001. Unsolved Mysteries aired 103 episodes on Lifetime, before ending on September 20, 2002, an end that coincided with Stack's illness and eventual death.

After a six-year absence, the series was resurrected by Spike in 2007, and began airing on October 13, 2008. This new, revived version was hosted by veteran actor Dennis Farina, who mainly tied together repackaged segments from the original episodes. Farina hosted 175 episodes before the series ended again on April 27, 2010.

Cosgrove-Meurer Productions maintains a website for the show, featuring popular accounts and ongoing cold cases (murder or missing persons), with a link to an online form should a viewer have information on an unsolved crime.

As of 2017, the show maintains a YouTube page where viewers can submit their own mysteries. If accepted, Unsolved Mysteries posts a video of the viewer describing the mystery.

FilmRise acquired worldwide digital distribution rights to the series and announced its intent to release updated versions of its episodes in 2017. These shows are currently streaming on Amazon Prime, Tubi TV, and on its own dedicated channel on Pluto TV in the United States and the United Kingdom.  Since February 2017, the Spike episodes have been officially posted on YouTube, split into eight seasons.  In July 2017, the series began streaming on Hulu in the United States.  Between February and March 2019, FilmRise began posting the re-edited and digitally restored Robert Stack-hosted episodes up on YouTube. 

On June 22, 2018, Terror Vision Records released the official soundtrack for the series. 

In 2017, the show's creators expressed interest in reviving the series.  On January 18, 2019, Netflix picked up a reboot of the series.  The show's fifteenth season premiered on Netflix on July 1, 2020.

Unsolved Mysteries used a documentary format to profile real-life mysteries  and featured re-enactments of unsolved crimes, missing persons cases, conspiracy theories and unexplained paranormal phenomena (alien abductions, ghosts, UFOs, and "secret history" theories).

The concept was created in a series of three specials produced by John Cosgrove and Terry-Dunn Meurer, which were pitched to NBC in 1985 and shown in 1986 with the title, "Missing... Have You Seen This Person?" The success of the specials led Cosgrove and Meurer to broaden the series to include mysteries of all kinds.

The pilot of what eventually became Unsolved Mysteries was a special that aired on NBC on January 20, 1987, with Raymond Burr as host/narrator. Throughout the 1987–88 television season, six more specials aired, the first two hosted by Karl Malden and the final four by Robert Stack.

In 1988, the show debuted as a weekly program on NBC. Ratings steadily dropped after the 1993–94 season. Until 2002, it was hosted by Stack. In its second season on CBS in 1999, Stack was joined by co-host Virginia Madsen. Episodes released from between 1994 and 1997 featured journalist Keely Shaye Smith and television host Lu Hanessian as correspondents in the show's "telecenter", where they provided updates on previous stories. A March 14, 1997, episode featured journalist Cathy Scott in the reenactment of rapper Tupac Shakur's 1996 unsolved murder.  In 2002, the series was canceled by Lifetime. In 2008, television network Spike revived the series with Dennis Farina as its host; the Spike revival ended in 2010.

The show was known for its eerie theme song composed by Michael Boyd and Gary Remal Malkin, and for Stack's grim presence and ominous narration. The theme music was changed five times, in 1993, 1995,  1997, 2001 and 2008.

CBS had aired a similar half-hour crime documentary series during the 1955–56 season entitled Wanted, hosted by Walter McGraw.

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsolved_Mysteries

Bobby Bonilla

Bobby Bonilla

Roberto Martin Antonio Bonilla (/boʊˈniːjə/, born February 23, 1963) is a former player in Major League Baseball of Puerto Rican descent[1] who played in the major leagues from 1986 to 2001.

Through his 16 years in professional baseball, Bonilla accumulated a .279 batting average, with a .358 on-base percentage and a .472 slugging percentage. He was on the Florida Marlins team that won the 1997 World Series. Bonilla led the league in extra base hits (78) during the 1990 MLB season and doubles (44) during the 1991 MLB season. He also participated in six MLB All-Star Games and won three Silver Slugger Awards.

From 1992 to 1994, Bonilla was the highest-paid player in the league, earning more than $6 million per year. Since 2011, Bonilla has been paid approximately $1.19 million by the New York Mets each year. The 25 payments come every July 1, which some fans refer to as "Bobby Bonilla Day".  This was part of a deal made when the Mets released Bonilla before the 2000 season while still owing him $5.9 million for the final year of his contract. The deal expires in 2035, at which point Bonilla will have been paid $29.8 million for a season in which he did not even play for the Mets.

Bonilla played baseball at Herbert H. Lehman High School in the Bronx and graduated in 1981.  He was not selected in the 1981 Major League Baseball draft and spent a semester at New York Institute of Technology in Old Westbury, New York pursuing a degree in computer science. He was signed by the Pittsburgh Pirates after being spotted by scout Syd Thrift at a baseball camp in Europe. 

His rise through the Pirates' farm system came to a halt during spring training in 1985 when he broke his right leg in a collision with teammate Bip Roberts. The Chicago White Sox then acquired him through the Rule 5 draft during the 1985–86 offseason, and Bonilla made his major league debut with the White Sox at the start of the 1986 season. Thrift, then the Pirates' general manager, reacquired the unhappy Bonilla in exchange for pitcher José DeLeón later that year. Bonilla also played from 1984 to 1988 with the Mayagüez Indians of the Puerto Rican Winter League

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Bonilla

Gavin Newsom

Gavin Newsom

Gavin Christopher Newsom (born October 10, 1967) is an American politician and businessman who is the 40th governor of California, serving since January 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 49th lieutenant governor of California from 2011 to 2019 and as the 42nd mayor of San Francisco from 2004 to 2011.

Newsom attended Redwood High School, and graduated from Santa Clara University. After graduation, he founded the PlumpJack wine store with family friend Gordon Getty as an investor. The PlumpJack Group grew to manage 23 businesses, including wineries, restaurants, and hotels. Newsom began his political career in 1996 when San Francisco Mayor Willie Brown appointed him to serve on the city's Parking and Traffic Commission. Brown appointed Newsom to fill a vacancy on the Board of Supervisors the following year, and Newsom was later elected to the Board in 1998, 2000, and 2002.

In 2003, Newsom was elected the 42nd Mayor of San Francisco, becoming the city's youngest mayor in a century.  Newsom was re-elected in 2007 with 72 percent of the vote. He was elected Lieutenant Governor of California in 2010 as the running mate of Jerry Brown, and was re-elected in 2014.  In February 2015, Newsom announced his candidacy for Governor of California in the 2018 election.  On June 5, 2018, he finished in the top two of the non-partisan blanket primary.  Newsom defeated Republican John H. Cox in the general election on November 6.

Newsom hosted The Gavin Newsom Show on Current TV and wrote the 2013 book Citizenville

Gavin Christopher Newsom was born in San Francisco, California, to Tessa Thomas (née Menzies) and William Alfred Newsom III, a state appeals court justice and attorney for Getty Oil. He is a fourth-generation San Franciscan. One of Newsom's maternal great-grandfathers, Scotsman Thomas Addis, was a pioneer scientist in the field of nephrology and a professor of medicine at Stanford University. Newsom is the second cousin, twice removed, of musician Joanna Newsom. 

His father was an advocate for otters and the family had one as a pet. 

While Newsom later reflected that he did not have an easy childhood,  he attended kindergarten and first grade at Ecole Notre Dame Des Victoires, a French American bilingual school in San Francisco. He eventually transferred because of severe dyslexia that still affects him. His dyslexia has made it difficult for him to write, spell, read and work with numbers.  Throughout his schooling, Newsom had to rely on a combination of audiobooks, informal verbal instruction, and digests, and to this day, Newsom prefers to interpret documents and reports through audio. 

He attended third through fifth grades at Notre Dame des Victoires, where he was placed in remedial reading classes. In high school, Newsom played basketball and baseball and graduated from Redwood High School in 1985. Newsom was an outfielder in baseball and his skills placed him on the cover of the Marin Independent Journal. 

Tessa Newsom worked three jobs to support Gavin and his sister Hilary Newsom Callan, who is the president of the PlumpJack Group, named after the opera Plump Jack composed by family friend Gordon Getty. In an interview with The San Francisco Chronicle, his sister recalled Christmas holidays when their mother told them there wouldn't be any gifts.  Tessa opened their home to foster children, instilling in Newsom the importance of public service.  His father's finances were strapped in part because of his tendency to give away his earnings.  Newsom worked several jobs in high school to help support his family. 

Newsom attended Santa Clara University on a partial baseball scholarship, where he graduated in 1989 with a B.S. in political science. Newsom was a left-handed pitcher for Santa Clara, but he threw his arm out after two years and hasn't thrown a baseball since.  He lived in the Alameda Apartments, which he later compared to living in a hotel. He later reflected on his education fondly, crediting the Jesuit approach of Santa Clara that he said has helped him become an independent thinker who questions orthodoxy. While in school, Newsom spent a semester studying abroad in Rome. 

Newsom's aunt was married to Ron Pelosi, the brother-in-law of Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi. 

Reference

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gavin_Newsom