الثلاثاء، 10 سبتمبر 2019

McFly

McFly are an English Pop band formed in London in 2003. The band took its name from the Back to the Future character Marty McFly. The band consists of Tom Fletcher (lead vocals, guitar, and piano), Danny Jones (lead vocals, harmonica, and guitar), Dougie Poynter (bass guitar) and Harry Judd (drums). They were signed to Island Records from their 2004 launch until December 2007, before creating their own label, Super Records.[2]

McFly rose to fame after fellow band Busted helped launch them by inviting them to tour in 2004. In 2005, they won the Brit Award for Best British Pop Act.[3] McFly's debut album Room on the 3rd Floor debuted at number 1 in the UK Album Chart and is certified as double platinum;[4] this led to them becoming known as the youngest band ever to have an album debut at number one—a title taken from The Beatles.[5] A month after the album was released, the band had their first UK headlining tour.[6]

The band's second album, Wonderland, which was released in 2005, also charted at number 1 in the UK[7] making them the youngest band to have topped the UK album charts twice.[8] Their third album, Motion in the Ocean, was released on 6 November 2006 and charted at number 6 in the UK.[9] McFly released their All the Greatest Hits compilation album on 5 November 2007, which charted at number 4 in the UK.[10] The band's fourth studio album, Radio:Active, was given away for free as a supplement in the Mail on Sunday on 20 July 2008, before being released in the conventional manner (via physical release) on 2 September 2008. Fifth album Above the Noise was released in November 2010 and charted at number 20. As of 2016, McFly have had 18 consecutive UK top 20 singles, seven of which reached number one in the UK Singles Chart and seventeen of which were consecutive top ten singles.

According to the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), McFly has been certified for 2 million albums and 1.8 million singles in the UK.[11] and more than 10 million records worldwide.

In 2006, McFly appeared as themselves in the film Just My Luck, starring Lindsay Lohan and Chris Pine.[12] They released a US album, Just My Luck, which was also used as the film's soundtrack.[13] They have also performed at various charity projects such as Comic Relief, Children in Need, Live 8, Sport Relief and Earth Hour.

In November 2013, it was announced that McFly would be joining forces with Busted to form the "supergroup" McBusted. They played a 34-date tour with both Busted and McFly songs.[14] The only member of the original groups not to participate in the new lineup was former Busted singer Charlie Simpson.[15] After Simpson's return to Busted in November 2015, McFly made a return and sold out their Anthology Tour in September 2016. After that, the band took an indefinite hiatus, with their Twitter account confirming that the boys are focusing on solo projects in 2018.[16] On January 5, 2019, Poynter confirmed via a podcast that the band would be reforming that year with a new album and tour
History
2002–2004: Formation and Room on the 3rd Floor
In 2001, Tom Fletcher auditioned for Busted,[18] but lost out on the place to Charlie Simpson. Fletcher was originally accepted as part of Busted's line-up, but Island Records went on to reassess the situation and eventually decided to have the band as a three-piece rather than a four-piece. Though the record label decided against offering Fletcher a place in Busted, they were intrigued by his songwriting talents and later offered him a place on Busted's songwriting 'team', alongside band member (and already accomplished songwriter) James Bourne; Fletcher has since stated that it was Bourne who taught him how to "properly" structure songs and how to "come up with good, poppy melodies".[citation needed]

While writing Busted's second album, [a present for everyone]], Fletcher was asked by the record label if he was available to film auditions for a new band, V. It was at this time that Jones and Fletcher met for the first time; Jones went to the audition mistaking the band to be an instrumental band rather than the conventional, all-singing, all-dancing boyband, for which they were intended.[19] Fletcher was impressed with Jones' unique style and so approached and invited him to write with himself and Bourne. When writing projects for Busted had come to an end, the two began collaborating for their own (yet unnamed) band and, eventually, moved into the InterContinental Hotel in London for two months, (while still receiving help from Bourne)[20] to concentrate on writing together. Bassist Dougie Poynter and drummer Harry Judd were subsequently recruited via a classified advertisement in the NME magazine.[18] The pair, both Essex lads, coincidentally turned up at the same audition and got to talking over their shared appreciation of the band The Starting Line, after Poynter noticed their name and logo was printed on Judd's T-shirt.

McFly's early sound was surf/pop rock. Their debut single, "5 Colours in Her Hair", released 29 March 2004, entered the UK Singles Chart at number 1 in April 2004 and stayed there the following week.[21] In July 2004 their second single, "Obviously", also topped the charts.[22] This was followed by the album Room on the 3rd Floor debuting at number 1 in the UK Albums Chart.[19] It would go on to be certified double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry.[4] The album broke records, as McFly earned an award from Guinness World Records for being the youngest band to have a debut album enter the charts in the top position, a distinction previously held by The Beatles.[5] The idea for the album name came from where Jones and Fletcher wrote most of the songs for the album: room 363 in the InterContinental Hotel in London.[20] The third single, "That Girl", was released on 6 September 2004, placing at number 3.[10] The fourth single, Room on the 3rd Floor, the album's title track, was released on 15 November 2004 and reached number 5.[23] McFly supported Busted on their nationwide arena tour[19] along with V in February 2004 and then had their first headlining tour in September 2004.[6]

2004–2007: Wonderland and Motion in the Ocean
In March 2005, McFly released a double A-side of "All About You/You've Got a Friend" from their second album, Wonderland, which featured a 60-piece orchestra. The single reached number 1 for a week on 13 March 2005, with all profits donated to Comic Relief.[10][24] The video for "You've Got a Friend" was shot in Uganda, Africa, which McFly visited for to raise awareness for the cause.[25][26] Several months later, on 2 July, McFly co-headlined Live 8 Japan, with Björk and Good Charlotte and also took part in the London concert at Hyde Park. The second single from Wonderland, "I'll Be OK", was released in the UK on 15 August 2005 and scored them their fourth UK number 1.[10] The album itself was released on 29 August 2005 entering at number 1.[10] The third single from Wonderland, "I Wanna Hold You", was released on 17 October 2005 with an unknown song Easy Way Out on the single and it gave them their 6th top 3 single.[10] Their fourth and final single, "Ultraviolet/The Ballad of Paul K" from Wonderland was released on 12 December 2005 and reached number 9.[10] McFly headlined their Wonderland Arena Tour, which started on 15 September 2005, supported by Tyler James and Famous Last Words. A DVD of the tour, recorded live at the MEN Arena in Manchester, was released on 28 November.[27] The band also played at the 2005 Royal Variety Performance.[28] Nemesis, an inverted roller coaster at the Alton Towers theme park was renamed Wonderland for a month in 2005 to celebrate the album's release. The band were filmed riding Nemesis with competition winners by music show CD:UK.[29]

In 2006, McFly turned their attentions to the United States, appearing in the Lindsay Lohan movie Just My Luck,[12] released on 12 May, three days after the soundtrack of the movie, which comprised McFly songs taken from both Room on the 3rd Floor and Wonderland,[13] as well as a new version of "Five Colours in Her Hair". The band played several gigs in Los Angeles and New York,[30] as well as attending the American premiere of Just My Luck in Hollywood
McFly's first single of 2006 was "Please, Please", released in the UK as a double A-side with a cover of the Queen hit "Don't Stop Me Now" on 17 July as the official song for Sport Relief 2006.[31][32] It reached number 1 in the UK charts on 23 July, making it the band's fifth number 1 single of their career. On 14 September 2006, it was confirmed via an email newsletter from McFly's official website that the third album would be called Motion in the Ocean.[33] The album was released on 6 November 2006 and reached number 6.[9] The second release from the album, "Star Girl" was released on 23 October 2006, to promote the album.[34] "Star Girl" reached number 1 in its first week.[10] The third release from the album, "Sorry's Not Good Enough/Friday Night", was released on 18 December 2006, and reached number 3 in the UK singles charts. "Friday Night" is featured in the movie Night at the Museum, which was released on 22 December 2006, in Canada and the US and 26 December 2006, in the UK.[35] Their next single, "Baby's Coming Back/Transylvania", was released on 7 May 2007, becoming the band's seventh number 1.[10] The original single release date was due to be 26 February,[36] but the band took up the offer to return at that time to the town of Kamwokya in Uganda, which they previously visited for Comic Relief in 2005.[37] Until 1 January 2016,"Baby's Coming Back/Transylvania" held the record for the biggest fall from number one for a non-limited edition single. It fell from number 1 to number 20 after a week, matching a limited edition Elvis Presley single, "One Night". This record was broken by the 2015 NHS charity single A Bridge Over You; after becoming the Christmas number one on 25 December 2015, the single fell to Number 29 the following week.[38]

McFly held their Motion in the Ocean tour from 17 September 2006 and were supported by The Click Five and Nylon.[39][40] They also held their McFly Up Close and Personal tour, supported by Lil' Chris,[41] which started on 20 March 2007, and consisted of performing in twenty four locations not covered by their arena tours over thirty four dates.[42] Motion in the Ocean was re-released as a double disc edition with "Baby's Coming Back" and DVD from the Wembley show on 14 May 2007 and reached number 14.[10][43]

2007–2009: All the Greatest Hits, touring and Radio:Active
McFly's All the Greatest Hits compilation album was released on 5 November 2007 and reached number 4 in the charts.[10] The first single from the album, The Heart Never Lies, which reached number 3 in the UK singles chart,[10] was premiered at the V Festival in August.[44] The album also featured two new songs alongside "The Heart Never Lies", "The Way You Make Me Feel" and "Don't Wake Me Up". The band went on a 26-date Greatest Hits tour for a month, starting near the end of November 2007[45] supported by Elliot Minor[46] and Saving Aimee,[47] to promote the album.

On 23 February and 1 March 2008, they performed two small gigs at the Annandale Hotel in Sydney, Australia while recording Radio:Active. They performed the same set list as for their Greatest Hits tour. It was here where they recorded the crowd singing "we don't care" which was later used on their single "One for the Radio".[citation needed] A compilation album of B-Sides was also released on 3 December 2007, The Greatest Bits: B-Sides & Rarities, which contains 12 B-sides of their UK singles.

On 20 May 2008, McFly confirmed that their fourth studio album would be titled Radio:Active (typeset as Radio:ACTIVE). It was recorded in Australia, and given away for free as a supplement in The Mail on Sunday on 20 July 2008. It was subsequently released in stores on 22 September 2008 with four additional tracks, a DVD and a 32-page booklet. The album was announced after McFly confirmed that they had left Island Records as they were unhappy with some of the decisions that the label was making for them.[48] Since announcing the launch of their new record label, the band have said that they "won't rule out" signing other acts, but that for the moment they're just concentrating on releasing their "own stuff".[49] Radio:Active mixes their love of vintage rock with a British twist on the modern pop-rock sound
The first single released from the Radio:Active album was "One for the Radio",[51] a song about as the band's "constant struggle for critical acceptance".[52] The single was premiered on BBC Radio 1's Switch with Nick Grimshaw on 1 June 2008[53] and was released on 14 July 2008.[54] As of 25 June 2008, "One for the Radio" was included in Radio 2's A list,[55] meaning that it receives primary airplay during the daytime. The single charted at number 2 in the charts. The album was recorded, and produced in Australia. McFly performed a showcase concert on 10 July 2008 at Shepherds Bush Empire[56] and performed another concert at KOKO on 24 July 2008 as part of the iTunes Live Festival '08.[57] An EP of the performance, released 4 August 2008, was made available to download from the iTunes Store. The second single from the album, "Lies" was released on 15 September 2008 and reached number 4 in the charts.

McFly embarked on their sixth arena tour in 2008, starting from 7 November 2008, attending 14 dates,[58] supported by manufactured pop band Avenue and Indie pop rock band Reemer. They also performed four concerts in Brazil from 5 October 2008 to 11 October 2008. The third single from the album was "Do Ya/Stay With Me", released 23 November 2008. The song was released in aid of 2008's Children in Need and reached number 18 in the UK Singles Chart, the lowest charting position of any of their singles to date, and their first single not to reach Top 10. In 2009 McFly decided to once again arrange a tour to situate smaller venues, this time being called Up Close... And This Time It's Personal starting on 18 April in Amsterdam. They then did 14 dates in the UK before going on to do 7 dates in South America including Brasil, Argentina and Chile. David Archuleta, the American Idol runner up, supported them on their UK stint.[59] They were due to also play in Mexico although this was cancelled due to the swine flu pandemic which started in this country.

McFly achieved their third number 1 album, Radio:Active, with the Radio:Active – Live at Wembley Tour DVD on 17 May 2009. The Up Close... And This Time It's Personal tour ended on 9 June. Later this month Mcfly did 3 shows for the forestry commission, which are concerts that take place every year to raise awareness of the UK forests. They were supported by indie-rock band Vagabond. Also in June, McFly made a surprise appearance at the Jonas Brothers' show at Wembley Stadium on 15 June, joining them on stage to sing "Star Girl".

2010–2012: Above the Noise and Memory Lane... Best of McFly
In Autumn 2010, McFly re-signed and partnered with their previous Label (Island Records) to create and launch an interactive website, Super City, which provided fans with unprecedented access to the band. Subscribers would be able to download CDs before they were sold in stores. They would also gain access to video streams, web-chats, VIP access at gigs, and first call on tickets.[60] This website was developed in a hope to combat any leaks (piracy) and gain loyalty from their fans, as they would have access to any new materials before they could be leaked.[61] The website had about 50,000 visitors the first day, causing the site to shut down for two weeks.[62]

The first single from their fifth album, "Party Girl", was written in Atlanta with Dallas Austin.[63] It premiered on 14 July on BBC Radio 1 and was released on 5 September and reached number 6 in the UK charts. The "Party Girl" music video was voted number 1 by fans, in the 4Music Video Honours of 2010.[citation needed] The album, Above the Noise, was released on 15 November. It debuted at number 20 in the album charts & reached number 7 in the album download charts. The second single released from the album was "Shine a Light", a song penned with Taio Cruz. "Shine a Light" reached number 3 in the UK charts. The third single, "That's the Truth", was released on 6 March 2011.

The band made a mini 30-minute-long movie titled Nowhere Left to Run which featured a vampire theme along with a sex scene involving Judd. The "Party Girl" video was taken from the movie. This was released on DVD on 29 November exclusively to HMV stores.
In August 2011, McFly announced that they will be doing a tour consisting of 26 dates around the UK in March/April 2012. On 1 November McFly teamed up with Gioia Jewellery to release their first official jewellery range designs include each member's SuperCity logo and more coming soon.[64] On 4 December, Poynter won the eleventh series of I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.[65] On 17 December, Judd won the ninth series of Strictly Come Dancing.

On the band's latest tour, entitled Keep Calm and Play Louder Tour, they showcased three brand new songs entitled "Do Whatcha", "Red" and "Touch the Rain", all of which will be on their sixth studio album.

Judd was invited to carry the Olympic Torch as part of the Olympic Torch Relay Run for the 2012 London Olympics. On 4 August 2012, McFly played for a crowd of 50,000 people at an outdoor show in Hyde Park as part of the Olympic BTLondonLive celebration.

In September 2012, McFly played four shows in America. Two at L.A.'s famed Roxy and two at New York's legendary Gramercy Theatre. All four shows sold out in less than a minute and fans lined up hours before the shows. On the American shows, they premiered another brand new song entitled "Love Is Easy". In 2012, it was announced an autobiography entitled Unsaid Things: Our Story would be due for release on Amazon Stores in October 2012 and to coincide with the autobiography, the band also announced that they would be releasing another Greatest Hits album. Fletcher announced on Twitter that their next single would be "Red" as it had been so well received on the tour but this was later changed to "Love Is Easy", which was released on 11 November 2012, a week before the new Greatest Hits compilation.

In September 2012, for the final Chris Moyles Show, the band put together a special video for Chris's feature McFly day, where he would normally play Star Girl every Friday (since January 2010), this latest edition was called Star Boy as a tribute, thanking Chris Moyles for playing "Star Girl" every week.

In October 2012, it was announced that they would release a greatest hits which is titled Memory Lane: The Best of McFly featuring most of the band's hits and 3 brand new songs, Love Is Easy, "Do Whatcha" and "Cherry Cola". The album was released on 26 November 2012 and the new single "Love Is Easy" was released on 18 November 2012. It debuted at number 10, with the album following at number 21. A few weeks before "Love Is Easy" was due to go on sale, McFly announced that they would bring the release date forward a week, meaning that the new release date would be 11 November 2012. In November 2012, they also announced that they would be doing 18 tour dates in the UK between April and May 2013 in support of the album.

On 11 October 2012, McFly published their first autobiography, Unsaid Things: Our Story, named after a song from their first album. The book was a tell-all story which featured exclusive information that they revealed for the first time from the band's start to their present. They shared stories about their childhoods, the band's rise to fame and even the challenges they faced along the way.

2013–2015: Planned sixth studio album and McBusted
McFly confirmed that they would embark an original 18-date tour (21 later) to promote their 2012 Memory Lane: The Best of McFly album which would run from April–May. They were joined for some for these dates by James Bourne. McFly went on several writing trips for the writing stage of this album and worked with Matt Willis and James Bourne in writing. Titles for songs were to be "Hyperion", "Break Me", "Love Is Easy", "Do Watcha", "Cherry Cola", "Red", "Love Is on the Radio" and "Touch the Rain". "Love Is Easy" was released as a single in 2012 while "Do Watcha" and "Cherry Cola" were both featured on Memory Lane: The Best of McFly. "Red" and "Touch the Rain" were both previewed during McFly's Keep Calm and Play Louder tour in 2012. "Love Is on the Radio" was previewed during McFly's 10th anniversary shows at the Royal Albert Hall in 2013. "Love Is on the Radio", the first single taken from their new album, was released on 24 November.[66] The album was due to be released in the northern spring of 2014, but this has been put on hold. In the McBusted biography by Jennifer Parker it was hinted that the sixth album was abandoned in favour of the debut album of McBusted.[67] In November 2013, the band wrote and performed the new theme tune to The Paul O'Grady Show.[68] McFly have expressed their interest in a possible collaboration with Jessie J but have made no official plans. The album could possibly feature Bourne and Willis.
In late January 2013, McFly went on a writing trip with Bourne and wrote five songs. In early April, McFly uploaded a video of an acoustic live demo called 'My TVR' to their official YouTube account. The song was written with Bourne. It is unknown whether this track will be on the new McFly album. On 19 May the band announced via their Twitter page that they would also be playing a two-date special concert at the Royal Albert Hall in celebration of their 10th anniversary as a band. Due to huge demand, two extra dates were announced. In addition, the Saturday show was streamed live from the band's website for fans who couldn't attend. During an interview with the Big Top 40 Webchat, Fletcher described the shows as his "favourite shows we've ever played".[69] All four shows were held in September and featured McBusted, a surprise collaboration between McFly and Busted, minus Charlie Simpson. Following the shows with Busted, the two bands announced a 30-date UK arena tour as McBusted. The McBusted Tour was the biggest tour of 2014.[70]

In 2015, they embarked on a second McBusted tour, McBusted's Most Excellent Adventure Tour. They also released a DVD following the tour.

On 21 June, a solo interview by Fletcher was published by Fabulous magazine in time for Father's Day. Fletcher stated that "McBusted was an opportunity to have fun without knowing where it would take us, but McFly is for life. McBusted has been amazing fun, but it's not where our passion is. McFly is more than a band, we live and breathe it. We want to make album number six."

On a documentary with Fearne Cotton, Jones confirmed that McFly have three unreleased albums.[71] The band are currently on a hiatus but hint on a future reunion, with Jones stating "It's really nice to have a bit of breathing space after 12½ years with McFly. We've never really had this time off, so we'll give it a few months and see how we feel. When we're all refreshed, we'll go and smash an album."[72]

2016: Return as McFly and The Anthology
On 25 April 2016, the band announced that they would be going back on tour in June 2016, where they would be playing all five albums and including some original new songs for a potential new album over three dates in each of four chosen cities: Glasgow, Birmingham, Manchester and London, with the tour called "The Anthology".[73] Talking to 1883 Magazine, Fletcher said: "After doing two massive Arena tours with McBusted, we really wanted to do something different for this tour to herald the return of McFly. So we're playing some iconic rock venues that will allow our fans to experience the songs in a much more up close and personal environment." Jones added: "We're going to play every song from every album over three nights in each city, plus some surprises. So it's a mammoth set to rehearse, but really exciting!"[74] They also revealed that they'll be making new music after the tour, with Judd stating, "We all agreed to go on tour first and then that will be the catalyst of what's to come." On 25 May 2016, it was announced the band would have to postpone the Anthology Tour due to Judd herniating a disc in his neck.[75][76] McFly eventually toured in September 2016.[76][77]

2016–2019: Indefinite hiatus
After the tour, the band revealed that they had scrapped two albums worth of songs recorded since Above the Noise. Fletcher said: "After a certain amount of time, you feel like that was where you were at, at a moment[...]If we released stuff we recorded three years ago, we wouldn't be 100 per cent behind it any more. We still love the songs but we'd be excited about doing new things."[78] The following day, they announced that they would finally begin recording new material in January 2017.[79] In December 2016, Judd revealed that the McBusted-recorded song 'Getting It Out' would have appeared on the band's scrapped album. McFly's return is still in doubt, with Fletcher working on a feature-length film and regularly writing new books. Jones is said to be launching solo music and has had a new born son. In early 2018, it was announced Poynter was to go on tour with the band A. Those tour dates are now completed and it is unknown whether Poynter will play with them again. Judd is currently promoting his new book 'Get Fit, Get Happy' as well as raising his new son Kit. A writing trip was last taken in January 2017 for their sixth album, otherwise no obvious progression has been made towards album six.[80] On March 14, 2018 the band confirmed via their Twitter account that the boys are focusing on solo projects in 2018, but look forward to making more music in the future.[81] The members still support each other on their individual projects such as Tom, Jones and Judd collaborating in March 2018.[82] All members have stated that new music will eventually be released when the time and music is right.

Poynter has started a band called Ink.[83] Fletcher now has several books out, including the Christmasuras which has been adapted to the stage and Fletcher is now working on the film version.[84] Judd is going on tour with a production called Rip It Up, a musical.[85] Jones has released his own website with his own music released in July 2018 titled Is This Still Love.[86]

In July 2018, McFly played Matt's anniversary celebrations, the first time performing as a band in almost 2 years.[87]

2019-present: Sixth album and 2019 tour
On January 5, 2019, Poynter confirmed via a podcast on Sappenin' Podcast with Sean Smith that McFly would be returning from their hiatus with a new album during the year and they would also be doing a new tour during the summer.[17][88]

Following this, on the 9/9/19, the bands Instagram page posted a video of their microphone logo, accompanied by the sound of guitar feedback as the picture comes into focus.[89] This was the first post made but the page in 2 and 1/2 years. All members of the band then proceeded to post the same thing on their personal social media profiles, announcing an ‘Instagram live’ at 9:30am on the following day (10th September) [90]

Super Records
Super Records Ltd. is an independent label operated and owned by McFly. Initially, McFly were signed to major record outlet Universal Island Records. Although they have left Universal, McFly's singles are distributed by a company named "Absolute" who also distribute for acts like Cascada and Jay Sean and are part of the Universal Group.[91] Super Records was created after McFly decided to leave Island, Universal Records at the end of 2007. They returned to Island, Universal for their fifth album Above the Noise (2010).

Television and film appearances
Throughout the early years, McFly were regular guests on CBBC and CD:UK.

In January 2005, the band guest-starred in an episode of the long-running British drama series Casualty.[92] In May 2006, they starred in the teen comedy film Just My Luck with Lindsay Lohan and Chris Pine, which was released in the US on 12 May 2006 and in the UK on 30 June 2006.[12] They play themselves in the film and the soundtrack features a variety of their songs from their first two albums.[13] The band also recorded another song, "Just My Luck", which was to be included on the US-only album release of the same name. McFly held a concert at the London Hammersmith Apollo on 19 May 2005 which was used in the film.[93] The UK premiere of the film took place on 28 June 2006 in London.[94] The film generally did not receive good reviews, gaining a 13% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[95]

On 16 March 2007, McFly guest starred in the Top Gear comic relief show Top Gear of the Pops, where they were given a challenge to come up with a song from scratch without using the words 'love', 'baby', or 'heart', and including the words 'sofa', 'administration', and 'Hyundai'. Near the end of the show they performed the song they named 'The Top Gear Blues'. It was later renamed 'Sofa, Hyundai, Administration' and placed as a B-side on "The Heart Never Lies" single. On 23 June 2007, McFly made a cameo appearance in an episode of the science fiction series Doctor Who. The episode "The Sound of Drums", saw the band appearing in a spoof party political broadcast, which featured testimonials from British celebrities such as McFly and Sharon Osbourne showing their support and trying to encourage others to "Vote Saxon!" in support of Mr Saxon (The Master played by John Simm) to become Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.[96]

On 22 October 2007, McFly hosted the first annual Nickelodeon UK Kids Choice Awards.[97] McFly also appeared on the show Ghosthunting with... in 2007.[98]

On 27 May 2008, McFly appeared on Gordon Ramsay's The F Word as the celebrity guests and cooked a three course meal for 50 customers. Their score was that 115 out of 150 dishes were paid for. On 20 July 2008, McFly also played at T4 on the Beach in Weston-super-Mare.[99]

McFly's performance at KOKO on 24 July 2008, as part of the iTunes Live Festival '08, was broadcast at Vue cinemas across the UK on the same day.

On 25 August 2008, McFly performed at the London 2012 Olympic Visa Party.[100] On 14 December, they were the headline music act for Miss World in South Africa, which had a predicted worldwide audience of over 2 billion viewers. Their hits "5 Colours in Her Hair" and "Lies" were played during the show. They appeared in teen soap Hollyoaks on Channel 4 on Friday, 8 May 2009 performing in the SU Bar with The Somethings as a support group. On 31 May 2009, McFly performed at the biggest TV show in Brazil Domingão do Faustão which had a predicted audience of over 30 million viewers. In June and July 2009, they did a Woodland tour, performing at forest venues around the UK. In October 2008 McFly performed on the 50th birthday episode of Blue Peter, live outside BBC Television Centre.

McFly made a cameo appearance in Derren Brown's Enigma tour in 2009–2010. A recording of the live stage show first aired on Channel 4 on 6 January 2011. McFly made a return to T4 on the Beach in July 2011.

Fletcher took on The Cube in a celebrity special in the 3rd season and walked away with £100,000. Judd won the 9th series of Strictly Come Dancing with his dance partner Aliona Vilani.[101] Poynter won the 11th series of the UK TV series I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. Poynter and Judd appeared on the "Hunks Special" of Celebrity Juice on 1 March 2012. Jones also participated in 2010's Popstar to Operastar, placing 5th.

The band had their own McFly on the Wall documentary series in 2011. It followed the band as they embarked on their latest UK tour. It ran for 6 episodes. The first episode aired on Five Star on 11 May, and the last episode aired on 15 June. In 2012 McFly appeared on the celebrity edition of Deal or No Deal in which they won £10,000 for their chosen charities.

On 8 December 2012, McFly appeared as themselves on ITV in a one-off special called The McFly Show. It featured special guests, comedy sketches and the band performing their hit songs.

On 23 March 2013, McFly performed a one-off concert as part of an event organised by World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) for Earth Hour 2013 which was broadcast live via YouTube.[102]

On 21 September 2013, McFly were the guest band on the BBC One show When Miranda Met Bruce with Miranda Hart and Bruce Forsyth.

Since 2017, Jones has appeared as a coach on The Voice Kids UK. This is aired on ITV.

Influence
McFly have been cited as having influenced a number of high-profile musicians in various different ways. Of particular note are Niall Horan and Louis Tomlinson of One Direction, who have credited McFly as the opening act of the first concert they had ever attended.[103] Speaking about meeting with the group, Jones said "it turned out that Niall and Louis were at one of our first ever shows. And they were all like, 'we copied your haircuts, and you made us want to play guitar', which is really amazing to hear. They're the biggest band in the world right now. And their favourite band was us! We influenced them. It's really strange, because you feel like a veteran!".[104] Reviews for One Direction's debut album Up All Night had credited McFly as a notable influence,[105][106][107] and Horan stated the group were very happy to have such a comparison noted.[108] McFly had contributed song-writing to the first three studio albums that the group released. The group's debut featured the Fletcher-penned track I Want, while the group's 2nd album Take Me Home featured the song I Would penned by Fletcher, Jones and Poynter. Deluxe editions of the album also featured Irresistible, a track penned by all 5 members of One Direction alongside Fletcher, Jones and Poynter. This track marked the first time Jones was credited as the producer of any McFly-penned song for the group, with this trait continuing for later songs. Horan has since established a professional relationship with McFly, co-writing a number of album tracks for One Direction with Fletcher, Jones and Poynter, including the song Don't Forget Where You Belong from their 3rd album Midnight Memories,[109] having previously credited them for teaching the group songwriting techniques.[110] Horan, Fletcher, Jones and Poynter had written three songs together for the group's 4th album, due for release in late 2014.[111][112][113] Despite this, none of the tracks were chosen for the release, marking the first time the band were not featured on the group's songwriting credits on any studio album. However, Horan has returned to work with the band for the group's 5th studio album in 2015, penning two tracks with Fletcher and Jones which are presently in production.[114] On 16 June 2014, Horan told the group's audience at the Parken Stadium in Denmark that McBusted supporting the group was "something special" because "they were a lot of our favourite bands when we were growing up".[115] One Direction have also praised McFly as role models for longevity, having stayed together as a band for over a decade. Tomlinson said "Oh, they're great role models. They've been through it, so it was really nice to have the chance to talk to them about their experiences. They've been so successful because they've managed to be themselves from the start. There aren't any egos, you know? I think that's really important in a band."[116]

Also citing McFly as influences are British pop rock band The Vamps, who supported McFly on their 2013 Memory Lane tour. Guitarist and vocalist James McVey stated "McFly is a band we love to be compared to over other bands, simply for the fact of their good musicianship. They write very well and they're very energetic on stage, which is something we try to replicate in our own performances."[117] Drummer Tristan Evans also spoke of the band, explaining "McFly were an influence on me wanting to get into music and we feel like the next generation of their take on pop," while bassist Connor Ball continued "They're chilled-out and we hope we can have that calm attitude if we ever get that successful."[118] Frontman Brad Simpson also referred to McFly when asked about influences, stating "Their debut album was a first in all of our collections".[119] The band credited their support slot as providing an opportunity to observe the band's skills for their own development. Simpson said "How to provide more energy to our performance and move around the stage was a massive one...McFly have been doing it for years and the little things we picked up have really improved our live performance."[120] McVey also referred to the band's influence on performances by the Vamps, stating "Before I had seen them in concert, I would never have performed as we do now."[121] The Vamps have covered several songs by McFly in a series of YouTube videos including Love Is Easy, performed alongside Fletcher's sister Carrie Hope Fletcher, "That Girl", filmed as a recreation of the music video including appearances from Poynter, and finally "Five Colours in Her Hair", which featured on the digital EP for their second single "Wild Heart". Their debut album, Meet the Vamps featured the song "High Hopes" which was co-written by Fletcher, Jones and Poynter and produced by Jones. When The Vamps were compared to Australian band 5 Seconds of Summer, Simpson said "We both have a shared admiration for McFly. They've shaped the music of our generation... We find ourselves going to the same minor guitar chords like McFly would."[122]

5 Seconds of Summer have themselves confirmed that McFly are an influence on their music on a number of occasions,[123][124] while they have also been compared to McFly in reviews.[125][126] Fletcher is credited as having co-written the 5 Seconds of Summer track "Try Hard". The song was originally released onto YouTube on 1 June 2013, and in 2014 featured as a B-Side to their hit single "Don't Stop". The band had written with McFly during a 6-month stay in London, and Guitarist and vocalist, Luke Hemmings had mentioned a second song called "Take It Away" that was penned with McFly for their debut album.[127] Despite this, the track did not feature on the release.

Especially in their early years pop-rock band R5 cited McFly as a big influence, and were a favourite of oldest band member and bassist Riker Lynch, mentioning them in multiple interviews, as well as covering their songs as part of interviews as well as during soundchecks and early concerts, which included covers of McFly's That Girl and All About You. Plus Riker sang a cover of Obviously while on the Glee Live tour to which Fletcher commented, and covers of Love is Easy, Star Girl and All About You with fans at a Glee event after learning of the passing of castmate Cory Monteith.

When UK pop/R&B group Rixton were asked which bands they had looked up to when they were younger, Jake Roche said "I listened to a lot of McFly when I was growing up. I was a part of that era." He continued "these guys came out with instruments and they played and wrote all their own stuff and I was like, that's great – I want to do that." Band member Charley Bagnall agreed, saying "McFly was a huge part of my life."[128] Roche's mother, English singer and TV presenter Coleen Nolan, said "To me he's still that little boy I watched singing and dancing around to McFly records...I took him to their show in Manchester when he was nine or 10 and he said to me, 'Mum, one day that will be me up there.'"[129] Other acts to cite McFly as musical influences include R5.[130][131]

Asked about influencing a new generation of bands, Jones stated "There's a few bands, like the 1D boys, and they're all getting to that age where Busted or McFly was the first gig they ever went to. It's really nice to see that bands are taking influence from what you do." He continued, "to actually see people in bands picking up guitars and doing their thing – any musical influence that we can give them – is amazing to see."[132]

Discography
Main article: McFly discography
Studio albums

Room on the 3rd Floor (2004)
Wonderland (2005)
Motion in the Ocean (2006)
Radio:Active (2008)
Above the Noise (2010)

Land Rover Defender

The Land Rover Defender (initially called the Land Rover Ninety and Land Rover One Ten) is a British four-wheel drive off-road vehicle developed in the 1980s from the original Land Rover series which was launched at the Amsterdam Motor Show in April 1948.

After a continuous run of 67 years [1] production finally ended on 29 January 2016 when the last Land Rover Defender, with the number plate H166 HUE, rolled off the production line.[2] A special edition Defender Works V8, with 400bhp, was announced in January 2018.[3] The Defender was last sold in the US in 1997, after which safety regulations prohibited its sale in North America.

An all-new Land Rover Defender is expected to be launched in late 2019 and go on sale in 2020.
Name and badge distinctions
The coil sprung Land Rover was introduced in 1983 as "Land Rover One Ten", and in 1984 the "Land Rover Ninety" was added – the numbers representing the respective wheelbases in inches. (In fact the Ninety was nearer 93 inches at 92.9".) The number was spelled in full in advertising and in handbooks and manuals, and the vehicles also carried badges above the radiator grille which read "Land Rover 90" or "Land Rover 110", with the number rendered numerically. The Ninety and One Ten replaced the earlier Land Rover Series, and at the time of launch, the only other Land Rover model in production was the Range Rover.

In 1989, a third model was brought out by Land Rover to be produced in parallel with the other two: the Land Rover Discovery. To avoid possible confusion, the 1991 model year Ninety and the One Ten were renamed the "Defender 90" and "Defender 110". These carried front badges that said "Defender", with a badge on the rear of the vehicle saying "Defender 90" or "Defender 110". The most recent model, from 2007–2016, still featured the space above the radiator for the badge but was blank. Instead it had "Land Rover" spelled across the leading edge of the bonnet in raised individual letters, in keeping with the Discovery and Freelander. At the rear was a new style of '"Defender" badge with an underlining "swoosh". On these last models there are no badges defining the wheelbase model of the vehicle.

The 127-inch (3,226 mm) wheelbase Land Rover 127, available from 1985, was always marketed with the name rendered numerically. Following the adoption of the Defender name, it became the "Defender 130", although the wheelbase remained unchanged.

The North American Specification (NAS) Defender 110 sold for the 1993 model year carried a badge above the radiator grille which read "Defender", whereas the NAS Defender 90 sold for the 1994 to 1997 model years had "Land Rover" spelled across the top of the radiator grille in individual letter decals. NAS Defenders also carried a cast plaque on the rear tub in the original style of the Series Station wagons with "Defender 110" or "Defender 90" below the Land Rover lozenge and the vehicle's unique limited edition production run number.
Production of the model now known as the Defender began in 1983 as the Land Rover 110, a name which reflected the 110-inch (2,800 mm) length of the wheelbase. The Land Rover 90, with 93-inch (2,362 mm) wheelbase, and Land Rover 127, with 127-inch (3,226 mm) wheelbase, soon followed.[4]

Superficially there is little to distinguish the post-1983 vehicles from the Series III Land Rover. A full-length bonnet, revised grille, plus the fitting of wheel arch extensions to cover wider-track axles are the most noticeable changes. Initially the conservative engineering department insisted that the Land Rover was also available with a part-time 4WD system familiar to derivatives produced since 1949. However the part-time system failed to sell and was quickly dropped from the options list by 1984. While the engine and other body panels carried over from the Series III, mechanically the 90 and 110 were modernised, including:

Coil springs, offering a more compliant ride and improved axle articulation
A permanent four-wheel-drive system derived from the Range Rover, featuring a two-speed transfer gearbox with a lockable centre differential
A modernised interior
A taller one-piece windscreen
A new series of progressively more powerful and modern engines
The 110 was launched in 1983, and the 90 followed in 1984. From 1984, wind-up windows were fitted (Series models and very early 110s had sliding panels), and a 2.5-litre (153 cu in), 68 horsepower (51 kW) diesel engine was introduced. This was based on the earlier 2.3-litre (140 cu in) engine, but had a more modern fuel-injection system as well as increased capacity. A low compression version of the 3.5-litre (214 cu in) V8 Range Rover engine improved performance. It was initially available in the 110 with a Range Rover LT95 four-speed transmission with integral transfer case and vacuum operated differential lock, then later in conjunction with a high strength "Santana" five-speed transmission.[5]

This period saw Land Rover market the utility Land Rover as a private recreational vehicle. While the basic pick-up, 4x4 and van versions were still working vehicles, the County 4x4s were sold as multi-purpose family vehicles, featuring improved interior trim and more comfortable seats. This change was reflected in Land Rover starting what had long been common practice in the car industry — detail changes and improvements to the County model from year to year in order to attract new buyers and to encourage existing owners to trade in for a new vehicle. These changes included different exterior styling graphics and colour options, and the introduction of new options, such as radio-cassette players, Rostyle wheels, headlamp wash and wipe systems, as well as accessories such as surfboard carriers and bike racks. The switch from leaf spring to coil spring suspension was a key part of the new model's success. It offered improved off-road ability, load capacity, handling and ride comfort.

The 127 (and 130)
From 1983, Land Rover introduced a third wheelbase to its utility line-up, a 127-inch (3,226 mm) wheelbase vehicle designed to accommodate larger, heavier loads than the 110. Called the "Land Rover 127", it was designed specifically with use by utility and electrical companies in mind, as well as military usage.[4] In its standard form, it is a four-door six-seater consisting of the front half of a 110 4x4, and the rear of a 110 high-capacity pick up (HCPU). Logic was that this allowed a workcrew and their equipment to be carried in one vehicle at the same time. The 127 could carry up to a 1.4 tonnes (1.4 long tons; 1.5 short tons) payload, compared to the 1.03 tonnes (1.01 long tons; 1.14 short tons) payload of the 110 and the 0.6 tonnes (0.59 long tons; 0.66 short tons) of the 90.

Land Rover 127s were built on a special production line, and all started life as 110 4x4 chassis (the model was initially marketed as the 110 crew cab, before the more logical 127 name was adopted). These were then cut in two and the 17 inches (432 mm) of extra chassis length welded on before the two original halves were reunited. These models did not receive their own dedicated badging like the other two models, instead they used the same metal grille badges as used on the Series III 109 V8 models, that simply said "Land-Rover". Although the standard body-style was popular, the 127 was a common basis for conversion to specialist uses, such as mobile workshops, ambulances, fire engines and flatbed transports. In South Africa, the Land Rover assembly plant offered a 127 4x4 with seating for 15. Land Rover also offered the 127 as a bare chassis, with just front bodywork and bulkhead, for easy conversion.


Defender 130CC / Project Rhino
Initially held back by the low power of the Land Rover engines (other than the thirsty petrol V8 engine), the 127 benefited from the improvements to the line-up, and by 1990 was only available with the two highest power engines, the 134 hp (100 kW) 3.5-litre V8 petrol, and the 85 hp (63 kW) 2.5-litre turbo diesel .

Engine development
The original 110 of 1983 was available with the same engine line-up as the Series III vehicles it replaced, namely 2.25-litre (137 cu in) petrol and diesel engines, and a 3.5-litre (210 cu in) V8 petrol unit, although a small number of 3.2-litre (200 cu in) V8s were produced. In 1981 the 2.25 l engines were upgraded from three- to five-crankshaft bearings in preparation for the planned increases in capacity and power. The five bearing version was known as the 2.3 litre to differentiate it despite having the same displacement.

The 2.5-litre version of the diesel engine, displacing 2,495 cubic centimetres (152.3 cu in) and producing 68 hp (51 kW), was introduced in both the 110 and the newly arrived 90. This was a long-stroke version of the venerable 2.25-litre unit, fitted with updated fuel injection equipment and a revised cylinder head for quieter, smoother and more efficient running. A timing belt also replaced the older engine's chain. Despite these improvements the engine was underpowered and unrefined in comparison with the competition.

In 1985 the petrol units were upgraded. An enlarged four-cylinder engine was introduced. This 83 hp (62 kW) engine shared the same block and cooling system (as well as other ancillary components) as the diesel unit. Unlike the diesel engine, this new 2.5-litre petrol engine retained the chain-driven camshaft of its 2.25-litre predecessor. At the same time, the 114 hp (85 kW) V8 was also made available in the 90- the first time a production short-wheelbase Land Rover had been given V8 power. The V8 on both models was now mated to an all-new five-speed LT85 manual gearbox.

The year 1986 saw improvements in engines to match the more advanced offerings by Japanese competitors. The "Diesel Turbo" engine was introduced in September, a lightly turbocharged version of the existing 2.5-litre diesel, with several changes to suit the higher power output, including a re-designed crankshaft, teflon-coated pistons and nimonic steel exhaust valves to cope with the higher internal temperatures.[4][6] Similarly, an eight-bladed cooling fan was fitted, together with an oil cooler. The changes for the turbo diesel were kept as slight as possible, in the aim of making the car saleable in Land Rover's traditional export markets across the globe.[7]

The 2.5 diesel, 2.5 petrol and Diesel Turbo engines all shared the same block castings and other components such as valve-gear and cooling system parts, allowing them to be built on the same production line. The Diesel Turbo produced 85 hp (63 kW), a 13% increase over the naturally aspirated unit, and a 31.5% increase in torque to 150 lb⋅ft (203 N⋅m) at 1800 rpm. Externally, turbo diesel vehicles differed from other models only by having an air intake grille in the left-hand wing to supply cool air to the turbo. Early turbo-diesel engines gained a reputation for poor reliability, with major failures to the bottom-end and cracked pistons. A revised block and improved big end bearings were introduced in 1988, and a re-designed breather system in 1989. These largely solved the engine's problems, but it remained (like many early turbo-diesels) prone to failure if maintenance was neglected.

At the same time that the Diesel Turbo was introduced the V8 engine was upgraded. Power was increased to 134 hp (100 kW), and SU carburettors replaced the Zenith models used on earlier V8s.

Sales turnaround
The new vehicles with their more modern engines, transmissions, and interiors reversed the huge decline in sales that took place in the 1980s (a 21% fall in a single year, 1980–1981). This growth was mainly in the domestic UK market and Europe. African, Australian and Middle-Eastern sales failed to recover significantly – Land Rover had not been immune to the poor reputation caused by poor build quality and unreliability which had afflicted the rest of British Leyland, of which Land Rover was still part. In these markets Japanese vehicles such as the Toyota Landcruiser and Nissan Patrol gradually took over what had been a lucrative export market for Land Rover for decades. Meanwhile, the company itself adopted more modern practices, such as using marketing campaigns to attract new buyers who would not previously have been expected to buy a Land Rover. The operation was streamlined, with most of the satellite factories in the West Midlands that built parts for the Land Rover being closed and production brought into the Solihull factory, which was expanded.

To maximise sales in Europe, Land Rover set up the Special Vehicles Division, which handled conversions, adaptations and limited production volume versions. The bulk of the division's work was the construction of stretched-wheelbase mobile workshops and crew carriers for British and European utility companies, often including six-wheel-drive conversions, but more unusual projects were undertaken, such as the construction of an amphibious Land Rover 90 used by the company as part of its sponsorship of Cowes Week from 1987 to 1990. The Special Projects Division also handled specialised military contracts, such as the building of a fleet of 127-inch (3,226 mm) V8-powered Rapier missile launchers for the British Army. The Rapier system actually consisted of three Land Rovers: a 127 which carried the launching and aiming equipment, and two 110s which carried the crew and additional equipment.

اليسون ستونر

اليسون ستونر : بالانجلزية Alyson Stoner

مكان الميلاد : مدينة توليدو بولاية أوهايو ، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.

المهنة : ممثلة ، راقصة ، مغنية

الأشقاء : 2 الأخوات الأكبر سنا ، ودعا Correy وJaimee

الحيوانات الأليفة : كلب يدعى dutch-sheperd/lab مزيج Ryeley

اللون المفضل : الأخضر

المهنة
هي ممثلة وقد درسست في مدارس خاصة جدا وتعلمت الرقص في (اوكانول) بهولندا. شاركت في عروض دولية من خلال جمعيات المواهب واستلمت عدة جوائز في التمثيل والرقص وعروض أخرى. كما أنها صوت إحدى شخصيات قناة ديزني التلفزيونية. بعد أن حظيت بشهرة واسعة وخاصة من خلال ظهورها في إحدى أغنيات الراب للمغنية (مسي اليوت) والمغني (امينيم) لتنال إعجاب الكثيرين بإبداعها بفن الرقص. وفي عام 2003 2005و ظهرت بشخصية (سارة) في الدراما الكوميديا (أطفال بيكر ألاثني عشر) كما عملت على نقلة نوعية وتسجل أغنية فردية (Baby It's You) حاليا تعمل على اخذ دروس للصوت وطريقة الغناء...

الاغاني
كانت تلعب دور البطولة. وقالت انها سجلت أيضا نسخة غطاء من أغنية الرقص في ضوء القمر لعام 2009 ديزني دي في دي / بلو راي الفيلم، الأصدقاء الفضاء. [4] وتعمل ستونر مع المنتجين سجل، كتاب الأغاني ومدرب صخبا من أجل التركيز على الانتقال أسلوبها من صوت، من "كيدي البوب" في فيبي البوب أكثر حنون مع حافة بديل قليلا، حتى أنها يمكن أن بدء العمل على أول استوديو لها الألبوم. [5] وفي 4 أبريل 2010، نشرت ستونر شريط فيديو لها قناة يوتيوب يعلن الإفراج عن أغنيتها لاول مرة، "الطائر إلى الأمام" في 20 أبريل 2010. [5]

التلفيزون والافلام
في عام 2002، أصبح ستونر المشارك في استضافة سوبر شو قناة ديزني مايك قصيرة جنبا إلى جنب مع مايكل آلان جونسون، وهو الجزء ينفوميرسيال بشأن النشرات ديزني المقبلة. في عامي 2003 و 2005، كما ظهرت سارة، واحد من الاثني عشر الأطفال بيكر، في الأفلام الكوميدية الناجحة أرخص من دزينة وأرخص من دزينة 2. كما أنها ظهرت في العديد من البرامج التلفزيونية التي تهدف إلى السوق مراهق، بما في ذلك الجناح حياة زاك وكودي، ذلك حتى الغراب ودريك آند جوش. في عام 2006، كان لها دور صغير في فيلم ستيب أب كما كميل، الشقيقة الصغرى لتشانينج تاتوم. انها توفر حاليا صوت إيزابيلا جارسيا لشابيرو وجيني (حتى الموسم 4) في قناة ديزني سلسلة الرسوم المتحركة فينس و فيرب وجاء شخصيا مع شعار إيزابيلا "هاتشا تفعلين؟". في عام 2008، انها نجمة في قناة ديزني الفيلم الأصلي كامب روك كما Caitlyn غيلار، وهو منتج موسيقى الطموحين. وكان استقبالها في كامب روك قوية بشكل خاص، مع وسائل الإعلام المختلفة مما يشير إلى أن الوقت قد حان لعبت دورا الشخصية الرئيسية، بعد أن احتياطيا لأسماء كبيرة أخرى مثل ويل سميث وايمينيم. تألق ستونر كما أليس ماكينلي في فيلم أليس رأسا على عقب، وهو مبني على أساس سلسلة أليس، ولا سيما عذاب أليس من قبل فيليس رينولدز نايلور. وكان هذا ثاني لها دور البطولة و، وفقا لمقابلة ان يظهر على ل-DVD مباشرة الإفراج، وقالت انها تنص على أن هذه هي المرة الأولى التي تمت زيارتها لتظهر في كل مشهد في الفيلم. في عام 2008، ظهرت أليسون كمتحدثة المشاهير المبتدئين في سلسلة من الإعلانات التلفزيونية لسلسلة الوجبات السريعة في Zaxby ل. في عام 2010، ظهرت ستونر في الخطوة الثالثة ما يصل الفيلم الخطوة متابعة 3-D المعاكس آدم Sevani حيث أنها مكرر هذا الدور. ستونر بتحميل الفيديو على صفحتها يوتيوب الرسمي لصاحبة النهائي بروفة الرقص الذي قدم أعضاء فريق العمل الأخرى. [3] في عام 2010، ستونر استضافة البطولة في مسلسل هاوس التلفزيون باعتباره متزلج. في عام 2013، أعلن ستونر مؤخرا على موقعها على الانترنت انها سوف تعبر عن الطابع العقيق للأسطورة Korra.

Alyson Stoner

Alyson Rae Stoner[1] (born August 11, 1993[2]) is an American actress, singer, dancer and model. She is known for her roles in Cheaper by the Dozen (2003), Cheaper by the Dozen 2 (2005), The Suite Life of Zack & Cody (2005–2007), Camp Rock (2008), Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam (2010) and the Step Up franchise (2006-14).

She has been a dancer for several artists, such as Missy Elliott, Eminem, Kumbia Kings, Outkast and Will Smith. Her television roles include serving as the host of Disney Channel's Mike's Super Short Show (2001–2007) for voicing Isabella Garcia-Shapiro in Phineas and Ferb (2007–2015). She has further leant her voice to the Kingdom Hearts franchise (2008-19) and the Holly Hobbie and Friends film series (2006-08).

Outside of acting, Stoner has also embarked on a music career, releasing 12 singles and 2 extended plays
Early life
Stoner was born in Toledo, Ohio, the daughter of LuAnne Hodges (née Adams), a former executive secretary at Owens-Illinois, and Charlie Stoner.[3] While growing up in Toledo, Stoner attended Maumee Valley Country Day School and studied ballet, tap dance, and jazz dance at the O'Connell's Dance Studio. She also modeled and trained at the Margaret O'Brien Modeling Studio. She won Best Model of the Year at the International Modeling and Talent Association Convention in New York City under O'Brien's studio in 2000.

Career
In 2001, Stoner became the co-host of the Disney Channel Mike's Super Short Show along with Michael Alan Johnson, an infomercial segment regarding forthcoming Disney releases. In 2003 and 2005, she appeared as Sarah, one of the twelve Baker children, in the successful comedies Cheaper by the Dozen and Cheaper by the Dozen 2. She has also appeared in several television shows aimed at the preteen market, including The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, That's So Raven and Drake & Josh.

In 2006, she had a small film role in Step Up as Camille, Channing Tatum's character's younger sister. She provided the voice of Isabella Garcia-Shapiro and Jenny (until Season 4) in the Disney Channel animated series Phineas and Ferb from 2007-2015, and personally came up with Isabella's catchphrase "Whatcha doin'?". In 2008, she starred in the Disney Channel Original movie Camp Rock as Caitlyn Gellar, an aspiring music producer. Her reception in Camp Rock was particularly strong, with various media outlets suggesting it was about time she played a main character role having backed up for other big names such as Will Smith and Eminem. Stoner starred as Alice McKinley in the movie Alice Upside Down, based loosely on the Alice series, particularly The Agony of Alice by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor. This was her second starring role and, according to an interview that appears on the direct-to-DVD release, she states that this was the first time she has had to appear in every scene in a movie.

In 2008, she sang two songs, "Lost and Found" and "Free Spirit", from the soundtrack of the movie Alice Upside Down, in which she plays the lead role. She has also recorded a cover version of the song Dancing in the Moonlight for the 2009 Disney DVD/Blu-ray movie, Space Buddies.[4] In 2010, Stoner appeared in the third Step Up film Step Up 3D opposite Adam Sevani where she reprised the role. Stoner uploaded a video onto her official YouTube page of her final dance rehearsal which introduced other cast members.[5] The same year, Stoner returned to reprise her role as Caitlyn Gellar in Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam, a sequel to Camp Rock. Stoner also guest-starred in the television drama series House as a skater.

In 2011, Stoner started working with record producers, songwriters and a vocal coach to change her vocal style from "kiddie-pop" to a more soulful pop vibe with a little alternative edge for her first studio album.[6][failed verification] On April 4, 2010, Stoner posted a video to her YouTube Channel announcing the release of her debut single "Flying Forward" on April 20, 2010.[6] Stoner released her debut EP entitled Beat the System in 2011. She also appeared in Wii Fit related videos on the Nintendo Channel on the Wii video game console demonstrating balance exercises. Stoner replaced Hayden Panettiere as the voice of Kairi in Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories, Xion in Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days, and both characters in Kingdom Hearts III. She voiced the character Opal in seasons three and four of The Legend of Korra.[7]

Other ventures
Dancing
After choreography training in Los Angeles, Stoner appeared as a background dancer in several music videos, notably Missy Elliott's "Work It", "Gossip Folks", "I'm Really Hot", Eminem's "Just Lose It", and "No Tengo Dinero" by the Kumbia Kings. She has also been a back-up dancer for OutKast at the 2004 Kids' Choice Awards and for Will Smith at the 2005 show. Stoner danced with a dancing group called the JammXKids between 2003 and 2006. She quit the group in early 2006 due to scheduling conflicts, but continues to work with the individual kids on different jobs. She was also one of the dancers in the special features for the Shark Tale DVD.

Stoner teaches hip hop classes at the Millennium Dance Complex, and is credited as the youngest person to teach a master class there. She also appeared in Debby Ryan's "We Got the Beat" for Disney Channel's Radio Rebel. In February 2015, she released a dance tribute video to Missy Elliot featuring a mash up medley of Missy Elliott videos she had danced in when she was younger.[8][9] Within the first week, it received more than 12 million views.[8] Missy Elliott invited Alyson to perform "Work It" with her at the 2019 MTV Video Music Awards.[10]

Publishing
Stoner was the "dance editor" for KEWL Magazine. In February 2009, Stoner released the Alyson Stoner Project described as "a dance video hybrid — melding many styles of entertainment into one package".[11] It was directed by Kevin Schmidt, her co-star from Cheaper by the Dozen.[11]

Personal life
In March 2018, Stoner came out in an article on Teen Vogue, stating she was "attracted to men, women, and people who identify in other ways."[12] In November 2018, Stoner tweeted a link to a podcast called "Queerology: A podcast on belief and being" where she discussed her faith and sexuality. The podcast featured Stoner on episode 62 in which she stated "I don't feel comfortable labeling my sexual orientation or even faith at the moment. Not because I'm afraid of the words themselves, or being stereotyped, but because there's a certain magic happening in letting the sediment keep swirling in the water, versus forcing it to settle and land somewhere. And I'm being so transformed because of mystery that I want to stay here for now. I seem to be able to love better, wider, and deeper from here for now.

GreedFall

Greedfall is an action role-playing game developed by Spiders and published by Focus Home Interactive. The game is set in 17th century-styled fantasy setting. It was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One on September 10, 2019
Plot
An island paradise has been discovered by colonial forces from several distinct nations from fictional lands, but with magic and monsters.[2] You play as a neutral Human who recently arrived at the island, able to ally yourself with either the native Elves who inhabit the land, or any of the foreign nations competing to conquer and colonize the "new" land, while also trying to find a cure to a mysterious illness that plagues you and those close to you.[3]

Gameplay
The player, alongside other settlers, mercenaries, and treasure hunters, explore a remote island where the locals, who are fighting off invading settlers, are protected by supernatural beings. The game includes combat, diplomacy, and stealth. The player's decisions influence and affect the game's story, as well as the relationship between the different factions established on the island.[4] The game also supports enhanced graphical capabilities on the PlayStation 4 Pro and Xbox One X.

مايكل شوماخر

مايكل شوماخر (مواليد 3 يناير 1969) هو سائق سيارات ألماني، أسطورة فورمولا 1 الذي فاز بالعديد من الألقاب، ويعتبر من أعظم أبطال الفورمولا 1 وسباق السيارات بصورة عامة على مرً العصور. فلقد حصد سبع ألًقاب عالمية: الأول والثاني مع فريق بينيتون (1994 و1995) والخمسة المتتالية مع فريق فيراري (2000، 2001، 2002، 2003، 2004). حقق شوماخر العديد من الارقام القياسيه في فورمولا 1 وبالاضافه للالقاب المتعددة حصد الجوائز الكبرى في فورمولا1 حيث حقق لقب اسرع المنطلقين، أسرع لفة وأسرع انطلاقة ولفة في نفس الحلبة، وكان مايكل شوماخر أول المانى يحصد لقب العالم للفورمولا 1، وكان أيضا الأشهر في فورمولا1حتى عام 2006 وفقا لاستطلاع رأى قام به الاتحاد العالمي لسباق السيارات.

في عام 2003 أصبح المتوج الأول في عالم سيارات فورمولا 1 بعد أن حصد لقب العالم السادس محطما الرقم القياسى لخوان مانويل فانجيو. في عام 2004 حطم رقما قياسيا جديد بعد أن حقق لقبه العالمى الخامس على التوالى (الرقم السابق كان باسم فانجيو بأربعة ألقاب متتالية من العالم). بعد ستة عشر موسم متتال في فورميلا 1 من عام 1991 إلى عام 2006 وثلاث سنوات من التوقف قرر العوده إلى مضمار السباق مرة أخرى حيث لعب لصالح فريق مرسيدس بداية من موسم 2010 بعد أن قبل العرض المقدم من الفريق( الفريق الذي من بداية موسم 2012 أصبح اسمه مرسيدس أ أم جى 1).

بعد 3 سنوات مع الفريق الالمانى(بداية من موسم 2010 حتى موسم 2012) وبالتحديد في 4 اكتوبر2012، عن عمر يناهز 44 عاما، قرر اعلان اعتزاله الثاني للمنافسات الرسمية.

في ديسمبر 2013، تعرض شوماخر لإصابة خطيرة في الرأس أثناء التزلج. وتم نقله إلى المستشفى ووضع في غيبوبة مستحدثة طبياً، بعد أن عانى من إصابات في الدماغ. وكان في غيبوبة من 29 ديسمبر 2013 حتى 16 يونيو 2014. غادر بعدها المستشفى في غرينوبل لمزيد من إعادة التأهيل في مستشفى جامعة (CHUV) في لوزان. يوم 9 سبتمبر عام 2014، أعيد شوماخر إلى منزله للراحة وإعادة التأهيل. وفي نوفمبر تشرين الثاني عام 2014، وذكر أن شوماخر أصيب بالشلل وهو على كرسي متحرك نتيجة للحادث.
بدأ صاحب الأصول الجزائرية حياته الرياضية مبكرا في عامه الرابع تحت قيادة الكارت(سباقات الكارت وتعرف بالكارتينغ (إنجليزية: Karting) هي نوع من أنواع سباق سيارات، مع أربع عجلات صغيرة، وبسيطة. وعادة ما يتم السباق على حلبة كارتينغ صغيرة، وهي تعتبر عادة خطوة أولى في عالم رياضة المحركات.) في مضمار كاربين تحت إدارة والده

في 1984 اقترب من أحد رجال اعمال المنطقة يورغن ديلك والذى أُعجب بالصبى وقرر مساعدته ماديا. وفي السنوات التالية فاز بلقب الجونيور الألماني والبطولة الأوروبية في غوتنبرغ، السويد.وقع في آخر سباق حادثه فرديه:تقريبا في المنحنى الاخير من اللفة الأخيرة، ارتكب زاناردي واورسيني خطأ مما ادى إلى انحرافهم عن المسار الأمر الذي لم يعط فقط النصر لشوماخر بل أيضا البطولة.

في عام 1988 انتقل شوماخر من الكارت إلى سيارات المستويات العليا وذلك بفضل ديلك. شارك في بطولة فورمولا فورد الألمانية والأوربية: حقق في بطولة فورمولا فورد الألمانية المركز السادس والمركز الثاني في بطولة فورمولا فورد الأوربية وراء ميكا سالو الذي اقتنص المركز الاول

ولكن في نفس العام ساعده أيضا غوستاف هوكر تاجر سيارات لامبورجيني للانضمام لفورمولا كونج، سلسلة تدريب تستخدم هياكل ومحركات "فورمولا باندا الإيطالية ":حيث فاز في تسع سباقات من أصل عشرة وحقق بسهولة البطولة. كان سيكون الانتقال إلى فورمولا 3 خطوة تراجع لشوماخر ولكن ديلك اقنعه بعدم الانتقال. قرر ويلي فيبر في 1989، مالك أحد الأندية، منبهرا بقدرات السائق الألمانى الشاب، ان يجعل شوماخر يوقع عقد مدته عامين للتنافس في فورمولا 3.

أنهى شوماخر البطولة الألمانية في المرتبة الثانية، بفارق نقطة واحدة عن كارل ويندلينجير. في عام 1990 واصل منافساته في بطولة فورمولا3 الألمانيه وتوج بطلا لها. وفاز باثنين من المسابقات الدولية المرموقة من نفس الفئة: الجائزة ماكاو الكبرى وبطولة مونتى فوجي. في نهاية الموسم، كمنافسيه هينز هارالد فرينتزين وكارل ويندلينجير، وقًع عقدا مع مرسيدس لقيادة سياراتهم المتنافسة في بطولة العالم "المجموعة جيم"، تحت إشراف بيتر ساوبر، وهكذا أنشئ فريق مرسيدس جونيور، حاضنا للمواهب الشابة من سائقى السيارات الألمان. وشارك شوماخر في الاختبار الموسمي الأخير لبطولة العالم، 480 كم مدينة المكسيك،وفاز بسيارة مرسيدس-بنز C11 ، كفريق واحد مع يوخن ماسً.

تتطلع مرسيدس إلى العودة إلى مسابقات فورمولا1 بسيارة بسائق واحد، بعد الخروج منها عام 1955 وأولت القيادة للفريق ليوخن نيرباش.ويؤخذ في عين الأعتبار أن شوماخر كان سيكون هو أول سائق يُختار لهذه المسابقة في فريق مرسيدس. لم يتحقق المشروع نظرا للتكاليف الباهظة، وكانت الشركة الألمانية قد حدت من توفير المحرك اللازمة لفريق ساوبر منذ عام 1993.في عام 1991 شارك شوماخر في بطولة العالم للسيارات وحقق المركز التاسع في البطولة. الحدث الأهم لهذا الموسم،في مسابقة 24 ساعة لومانس، وبلغ المركز الخامس (جنبا إلى جنب مع ويندلينجير وكريوتزبوينتنير) وحقق اللفة الأسرع في المسابقة. كما شارك في سباق الفورمولا 3000 في اليابان،واقتنص المركز الثاني.

الالتحاق في فورمولا1
فريق بينيتون (1991-1995)
نافس شوماخر لأول مرة في فورمولا 1 في عام 1991 تحت قيادة فريق جوردان جراند بركس.حيث أن الفريق الأيرلندي، الذي ظهر في هذا الموسم،كان في حاجة إلى استبدال في "سباق الجائزة الكبرى" في بلجيكا في حلبة سباق سبا-فرانكورشان،السائق برتراند جاتشوت،بدلا من ان يتم اعتقاله في لندن. ولهذا مرسيدس نقلت شوماخر إلى فريق إدي جوردين بمبلغ 150000 دولار.

ولكى يوافق فريق جوردان على هذا الترشيح، أكد مدير أعمال شوماخر أن شوماخر يعلم جيد بالمسار الصعب الذي يمر به الفريق الأيرلاندى، على الرغم من أن في واقع الأمر، كما يتبين من المدير نفسه بمناسبة مرور 20 عاماً فورمولا 1 لشوماخر، ان شوماخر لم ينافس في سباقات فمورلا 1 من قبل . وعلى الرغم من أن هذه هي المرة ألاولى التي يواجه فيها الألمانى صعوبات الحلبة إلا انه استطاع خطف الانظار وأدهش الجميع، حيث استطاع اقتناص المركز السابع أثناء التصفيات، ولكن لسوء الحظ لم يستطع استكمال السباق وذلك بسبب تعطل مكابح السيارة. إن الأداء الرائع لشوماخر في بلجيكا جذب أنتباه فلافيو برياتوري،مدير فريق بينيتون، الذين عرض عليه مباشرة عقد للانضمام للفريق، والذي قاد شوماخر إلى أن يتسابق جنبا إلى جنب مع "نيلسون بيكيه". وأُغلقت مسألة الانتقال إلى فريق جوردان مع انتقال الطيار الثاني إلى الفريق الأيرلندى روبرت رومين. في السباق التالي في حلبة مونزا أستطاع شوماخر أن يتفوق على زملائه في الفريق. في السباقات المتبقية من هذا الموسم حطم نقاطا كثيرة مظهرا ان سباقات فورمولا 1 سوف تشهد مستقبلا مختلفا.

1992
في نهاية الموسم الحالي، ترك قبيل هوام فورمولا 1 واستبدل بمارتن براندل في فريق بينيتون، أثناء موسم عام 1992، بدأ شوماخر يرسى أقدامه بشدة في المراكز المتقدمة، حاصلا على بعض المنصات، حتى أول انتصار له في "سباق الجائزة الكبرى في بلجيكا" مع السباقات الثلاثة المتبقية،ومع العالمية التي ججزها فريق وليامس رينو وفريق نايجل مانسل، انتقل الاهتمام إلى المركز الثاني في ترتيب الفرق التي يشارك فيه شوماخر، الذي كان مباشرة في المرتبة الثانية، يليها سينًا وبتريس بمسافة زراع. ولكن في النهاية استطاع بتريس بزغ أن يحتل المركز الثالث في التصنيف العالمي خلف شوماخر متفوقاً على آيرتون سينا، مخانا في مناسبات عدة من فريق ماكلارين الذي لا يمكن الاعتماد عليها.

التنافس بين البرازيلي والسائق الألماني البطل الناشئ ظهر  في البرازيل خلال مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى الأولى من هذا السنة:حيث اتهم شوماخر السائق البرازيلي علنا أنه تسبب في أعاقته بتصرفات غير سليمة بعض الشئ ، بينما كانت الكتورنيات فريق مكلارين هي في الواقع سبب التباطؤ المفاجئ للبرازيلى . في فرنسا، دفع شوماخر سيُنا إلى اللفة الاولى بعد توقف السباق للمطر، لذلك تراجع البرازيلي عن رفع دعوى ضد شوماخر، وناقش الموضوع مع الالمانى شوماخر،ووبخه، بعيداً عن الكاميرات لسلوكه في البرازيل، عندما اتهمه بتعطيله عمدا وطلب منه إيضاحات حول ما حدث. .انتقل التنافس أيضا إلى هوكنهايم بألمانيا، أثناء دورات اختبار حيث تراطما الأثنان مرات متعددة بالعجلات والاطارت وصولا إلى الايدى.

1993
في هذا الموسم فاز فريق بينيتون عام 1993 بتوكيل فورد للمحركات، متفوقة على تلك النسخ المقدمة لفريق ماكلارين، الذي حصد سباق الجائزة الكبرى في بريطانيا. أن نظام الجر الجديد(الذي انتج فقط في منتصف الموسم) ونظام التحكم في العجلات ساهم في القدرات التنافسية للسائق الالمانى.استبدل فريق بينيتون السائق براندل بالسائق بتراس ريكارد والذي كان مساعد وليامز في الموسم السابق. في خلال هذا الموسم،والذي تميز بهيمنة ويليامز (هذه المرة مع بروست والذي عاد إلى السباق ليحل محل مانسل)، شغل الألماني عدة منصات وانتصارا آخر في البرتغال.وفى نهاية الموسم مع لقب العالم الذي حققه بروست (اللقب الرابع له)وصل شوماخر للتصنيف الرابع عالميا.و كانت استمرارية النتائج التي يحققها فريق بينيتون خلال هذا الموسم، حيث وصل عدة مرات إلى منصة التتويج (10 منصات في 16 جائزة بين شوماخر وباتريس)،كل هذا كان بشري خير لمستقبل القدرة التنافسية للفريق بطريقة تجعله من المرشحين للحصول على اللقب العالمى .

1994
كان عام 1994 بالنسبة لفورمولا 1 هو ثورة في في تقنية السيارات تحت قيادة رئيس الاتحاد الفدرالى الدولى للسيارات ماكس موسلي: وتجل هذا في إلغاء الإلكترونيات المستخدمة حتى ذلك الحين في التعليق النشط، والتحكم في الجر وآلية البدء التلقائي. وأدخل أيضا امكانية تزويد السيارة بما ينقصها في السباق، أملا في تحسين عروض فورمولا 1 بعد سنتين من هيمنةً فريق واحد عليها. قدم فريق بينيتون نفسه كمرشح للمنافسة على اللقب العالمي، على الرغم من أن التنبؤات كلها في صالح فريق ويليامز، الذي ، بالإضافة إلى أن سيارته مجهزة بمحرك V10 رينو ضد "فورد V8 من بينيتون"، أستعان بآيرتون سينًا بدلاً من بروست المتقاعد.ومن الملفت للإنتباه أن أول سباقين هيمن عليهم كلاً من شوماخر وسينا إلا أن سينًا تراجع نتيجه لارتطامه بميكا هاكينن مما ادى إلى خروجه عن مزمار السباق في بدية مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى للمحيط الهادئ"،

أن عطلة نهاية الأسبوع التالي في مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى في سان مارينو ، نتيجة لإصابة "روبنز باركيلو" خلال التجربة الحرة، ووفاة رولان راتسنبيرجر خلال التصفيات وايرتون سينا أثناء السباق، والحوادث الخطيرة في انطلاق السباق والمنطقة التي يجلس فيها أيضا المشجعين والميكانيكين، كانت نقطة تحول لفورمولا 1، حيث شرعت بإجراء إصلاح على نطاق واسع . عرض الاتحاد الدولي للسيارات سلسلة من التدابير التصحيحية لرفع مستوى الامان في المسابقات ، في تدخلات تنظيمية ناجحة. في هذه الأثناء واصل شوماخر ،بعد أن حقق ثلاث انتصارات في أول ثلاث مسابقات،عروضه الممتازة محققا الانتصار في موناكو،كندا وفرنسا بالاضافة للمركز الثاني في إسبانيا.في نهاية مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى في فرنسا ، كان الغلبة للألماني عن منافسة المباشر، ديمون هيل،بفارق 41 نقطة (66 نقطة في مقابل 25 نقطة للسائق الانجليزى).

كما أن الطيار الألماني، بعد إيمولا (مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى في سان مارينوا 1994)،أصبح رئيسا لرابطة "سائقي سباق الجائزة الكبرى"، المستانف بعد بعد 12 سنة من التوفق. فقد شهدت الأسابيع التالية المزيد من الاحداث في قاعات المحكمة أكثر من مزامير السباق:في مسابقة سيلفرستون(مسابقة الجائزة الكبرى في بريطانيا 1994) تفوق شوماخر على هيل في المسابقة التمهيدية ولم يخدع لتعليمات الفريق وأستبعد من المسابقة . وأوضح الفريق أن الحادث هو خطأ في الاتصال بين أعضاء اللجنة والفريق. عدم احترام العلم الأسود عُقب بإيقاف لاسبوعين لكن فريق بينيتون ناشد المسئولين بالسماح للسائق خوض مسابقة المنزل على الأقل على أن يتم إيقافه في المسابقتين المتعاقبتين؛ وكانت ألمانيا هي آخر مطاف شوماخر قبل التقاعد.

في جائزة بلجيكا الكبرى، فاز السائق الألماني مرة أخرى بالبطولة، ولكن الاسقاط المفرط للصناديق الخشب والرحيل عن "سباق الجائزة الكبرى" في ألمانيا ، أدى إلى التوقف من جديد.جاوز شوماخر الجائزتين الكبرتين المتتالية من اجل "سباق الجائزة الكبرى البريطاني"، وعندما عاد إلى المسار في جيريز دي فرونتيرا(الجائزة الكبرى في أوروبا).تقلص أداء شوماخر واستطاع هيل الاستفادة من كل هذة التوقفات. في جيريز دي فرونتيرا فاز شوماخر ، لكن جاء خلف هيل في "الجائزة الكبرى في اليابان"، في ظل هذة الظروف العصيبة ظهر المتنافسان في السباق النهائي بفارق نقطة واحدة، حيث سيطر شوماخر على المرحلة الاولى من "سباق الجائزة الكبرى في أستراليا" قبل هيل، إلى حأن بلغ اللفة الخامسة والثلاثون ،انحرف الالمانى عن مزمار السباق اصطدم بالجدار، وإلحق به أضرار لا يمكن إصلاحه في الجانب الأيمن.

في نفس الوقت وأثناء محاولة شوماخر الإشارة لهيل للانحناء بعيدا عنه اصطدما الاثنين وخرجا عن المزمار.وقٌبيل هذا الاصطدام بالاعتراض وانقسم الراى العام إلى جزئين، جزء من العاشقين مثل ألان هنرى (محرر انجليزى) قال ان هذة الحركة كانت تطوعية  من السائق الالمانى بينما راى موراي ووكر (معلق تليفزيونى في فورمولا 1) انها غير مفتعلة . وتم تقييم الاصطدام كحادث عادي في السباق ولم يعاقب عليه شوماخر. وذهب لقب بطل العالم عام 1994 للمرة الأولى في للسائق الألماني، الذي أصبح أول بطل العالم المانى.في تلك السنة، قام شوماخر أيضا بإجراء الاختبارات على سيارة ليجير المستخدمة في فريق رينو، نفس المحركات التي كان سوف يتم استخدامها في وقت لاحق في فريقه بينيتون.وكان هذا التبادل ممكن حيث أن ليجير قد مرة على مسار فلافيو برياتوري مدير فريق بينيتون.

Michael Schumacher

Michael Schumacher (/ˈʃuːmɑːkər/; German: [ˈmɪçaːʔeːl ˈʃuːmaxɐ] (About this soundlisten); born 3 January 1969)[1] is a retired German racing driver who raced in Formula One for Jordan Grand Prix, Benetton and Ferrari, where he spent most of his career, as well as for Mercedes upon his return to the sport. Widely regarded as one of the greatest Formula One drivers ever,[2][3][4][5] and regarded by some as the greatest of all time,[6][7] Schumacher is the only driver in history to win seven Formula One World Championships, five of which he won consecutively. The most successful driver in the history of the sport, Schumacher holds the records for the most World Championship titles (7), the most Grand Prix wins (91), the most fastest laps (77) and the most races won in a single season (13), and according to the official Formula One website (Formula1.com), Schumacher was "statistically the greatest driver the sport has ever seen" at the time of his retirement from the sport.[8]

After success in karting as a child, Schumacher won titles in Formula König and Formula Three before joining Mercedes in the World Sportscar Championship. In 1991 his Mercedes-funded race debut for the Jordan Formula One team resulted in Schumacher being signed by Benetton for the rest of that season. He finished third in 1992 and fourth in 1993, before becoming the first German World Drivers' Champion in 1994 by one point over Damon Hill, albeit in controversial circumstances. In 1995 he repeated the success, this time with a greater margin. In 1996 Schumacher moved to Ferrari, who had last won the Drivers' Championship in 1979, and helped them transform into the most successful team in Formula One history, as he came close to winning the 1997 and 1998 titles, before breaking his leg at the 1999 British Grand Prix, ending another title run.

Schumacher won five consecutive drivers' titles from 2000 to 2004, including an unprecedented sixth and seventh title. In 2002 Schumacher won the title with a record six races remaining and finished on the podium in every race. In 2004 Schumacher won twelve out of the first thirteen races and went on to win a record 13 times as he won his final title. Schumacher retired from Formula One in 2006, after finishing runner-up to Renault's Fernando Alonso.[9] Schumacher returned to Formula One in 2010 with Mercedes. He produced the fastest qualifying time at the 2012 Monaco Grand Prix, and achieved his only podium on his return at the 2012 European Grand Prix, where he finished third. In October 2012 Schumacher announced he would retire for a second time at the end of the season.[10]

His career was frequently controversial, as he was twice involved in collisions in the final race of a season that determined the outcome of the World Championship, with Damon Hill in 1994 in Adelaide, and with Jacques Villeneuve in 1997 in Jerez.[11] Schumacher is an ambassador for UNESCO and has been involved in numerous humanitarian efforts throughout his life, donating tens of millions of dollars to charity.[12] Schumacher and his younger brother, Ralf, are the only siblings to win races in Formula One, and they were the first brothers to finish 1st and 2nd in the same race, a feat they repeated in four subsequent races. On 29 December 2013 Schumacher suffered a traumatic brain injury in a skiing accident. He was placed in a medically induced coma for six months until 16 June 2014. He left the hospital in Grenoble for further rehabilitation at the University Hospital of Lausanne.[13] On 9 September 2014, Schumacher was relocated to his home where he continues to receive medical treatment and rehabilitation privately.[14] As of 2016, he remained unable to walk or stand,[15][16] and in July 2019, former Ferrari manager, Jean Todt said that Schumacher was making "good progress" but also "struggles to communicate"
Schumacher was born in Hürth, North Rhine-Westphalia, to Rolf Schumacher, a bricklayer,[18] and his wife Elisabeth. When Schumacher was four, his father modified his pedal kart by adding a small motorcycle engine. When Schumacher crashed it into a lamp post in Kerpen, his parents took him to the karting track at Kerpen-Horrem, where he became the youngest member of the karting club. His father soon built him a kart from discarded parts and at the age of six Schumacher won his first club championship. To support his son's racing, Rolf Schumacher took on a second job renting and repairing karts, while his wife worked at the track's canteen. Nevertheless, when Michael needed a new engine costing 800 DM, his parents were unable to afford it; he was able to continue racing with support from local businessmen.[19]

Regulations in Germany require a driver to be at least fourteen years old to obtain a kart license. To get around this, Schumacher obtained a license in Luxembourg at the age of 12.[20]

In 1983, he obtained his German license, a year after he won the German Junior Kart Championship. From 1984 on, Schumacher won many German and European kart championships. He joined Eurokart dealer Adolf Neubert in 1985 and by 1987 he was the German and European kart champion, then he quit school and began working as a mechanic. In 1988 he made his first step into single-seat car racing by participating in the German Formula Ford and Formula König series, winning the latter.[21]

In 1989, Schumacher signed with Willi Weber's WTS Formula Three team. Funded by Weber, he competed in the German Formula 3 series, winning the title in 1990. He also won the Macau Grand Prix. At the end of 1990, along with his Formula 3 rivals Heinz-Harald Frentzen and Karl Wendlinger, he joined the Mercedes junior racing programme in the World Sports-Prototype Championship. This was unusual for a young driver: most of Schumacher's contemporaries would compete in Formula 3000 on the way to Formula One. However, Weber advised Schumacher that being exposed to professional press conferences and driving powerful cars in long distance races would help his career.[20] In the 1990 World Sportscar Championship season, Schumacher won the season finale at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in a Sauber–Mercedes C11, and finished fifth in the drivers' championship despite only driving in three of the nine races. He continued with the team in the 1991 World Sportscar Championship season, winning again at the final race of the season at Autopolis in Japan with a Sauber–Mercedes-Benz C291, leading to a ninth-place finish in the drivers' championship. He also competed at Le Mans during that season, finishing 5th in a car shared with Karl Wendlinger and Fritz Kreutzpointner. In 1991, he competed in one race in the Japanese Formula 3000 Championship, finishing second.[21]

Formula One career
Schumacher was noted throughout his career for his ability to produce fast laps at crucial moments in a race and to push his car to the very limit for sustained periods.[22] Motor sport author Christopher Hilton observed in 2003 that a "measure of a driver's capabilities is his performance in wet races, because the most delicate car control and sensitivity are needed", and noted that like other great drivers, Schumacher's record in wet conditions shows very few mistakes: up to the end of the 2003 season, Schumacher won 17 of the 30 races in wet conditions he contested.[23] Some of Schumacher's best performances occurred in such conditions, earning him the nicknames "Regenkönig" (rain king)[24] or "Regenmeister" (rain master),[22][25] even in the non-German-language media. He is known as "the Red Baron", because of his red Ferrari and in reference to the German Manfred von Richthofen, the famous flying ace of World War I. Schumacher's nicknames include "Schumi",[26] "Schuey"[27] and "Schu".[28] Schumacher is often credited with popularising Formula One in Germany, where it was formerly considered a fringe sport.[29] When Schumacher retired in 2006, three of the top ten drivers were German, more than any other nationality and more than have ever been present in Formula One history. Younger German drivers, such as Sebastian Vettel, felt Schumacher was key in their becoming Formula One drivers.[30] In the latter part of his Formula One career, and as one of the senior drivers, Schumacher was the president of the Grand Prix Drivers' Association.[31] In a 2006 FIA survey, Michael Schumacher was voted the most popular driver of the season among Formula One fans.[32]

Jordan (1991)Schumacher made his Formula One debut with the Jordan-Ford team at the 1991 Belgian Grand Prix, driving car number 32 as a replacement for the imprisoned Bertrand Gachot. Schumacher, still a contracted Mercedes driver, was signed by Eddie Jordan after Mercedes paid Jordan $150,000 for his debut.[33]

Belgian Grand Prix debut
The week before the race, Schumacher impressed Jordan designer Gary Anderson and team manager Trevor Foster during a test drive at Silverstone. His manager Willi Weber assured Jordan that Schumacher knew the challenging Spa track well, although in fact he had only seen it as a spectator. During the race weekend, teammate Andrea de Cesaris was meant to show Schumacher the circuit, but was held up with contract negotiations. Schumacher then learned the track on his own, by cycling around the track on a fold-up bike he had brought with him.[34] He impressed the paddock by qualifying seventh in this race. This matched the team's season-best grid position, and out-qualified 11-year veteran de Cesaris. Motorsport journalist Joe Saward reported that after qualifying "clumps of German journalists were talking about 'the best talent since Stefan Bellof'".[35] Schumacher retired on the first lap of the race with clutch problems.[36]
Benetton (1991–1995)
Following his Belgian Grand Prix debut, and despite an agreement in principle between Jordan and Schumacher's Mercedes management that would see the German race for the Irish team for the remainder of the season, Schumacher was engaged by Benetton-Ford for the following race. Jordan applied for an injunction in the UK courts to prevent Schumacher driving for Benetton, but lost the case as they had not yet signed a final contract.[37]

1991–1993
Schumacher finished the 1991 season with four points out of six races. His best finish was fifth in his second race, the Italian Grand Prix, in which he finished ahead of his teammate and three-time World Champion Nelson Piquet.

At the start of the 1992 season the Sauber team, planning their Formula One debut with Mercedes backing for the following year, invoked a clause in Schumacher's contract that stated that if Mercedes entered Formula One, Schumacher would drive for them. It was eventually agreed that Schumacher would stay with Benetton, Peter Sauber said that "[Schumacher] didn't want to drive for us. Why would I have forced him?".[38] The year was dominated by the Williams of Nigel Mansell and Riccardo Patrese, featuring powerful Renault engines, semi-automatic gearboxes and active suspension to control the car's ride height.[39] In the "conventional" Benetton B192 Schumacher took his place on the podium for the first time, finishing third in the Mexican Grand Prix. He went on to take his first victory at the Belgian Grand Prix, in a wet race at the Spa-Francorchamps circuit, which by 2003 he would call "far and away my favourite track".[40] He finished third in the Drivers' Championship in 1992 with 53 points, three points behind runner-up Patrese.

The Williams of Damon Hill and Alain Prost also dominated the 1993 season. Benetton introduced their own active suspension and traction control early in the season, last of the frontrunning teams to do so.[41] Schumacher won one race, the Portuguese Grand Prix where he beat Prost, and had nine podium finishes, but retired in seven of the other 15 races. He finished the season in fourth, with 52 points.

1994–1995: World Championship years
The 1994 season was Schumacher's first Drivers' Championship. The season, however, was marred by the deaths of Ayrton Senna (witnessed by Schumacher, who was directly behind in 2nd position) and Roland Ratzenberger during the San Marino Grand Prix, and by allegations that several teams, but most particularly Schumacher's Benetton team, broke the sport's technical regulations.[42][43]

Schumacher won six of the first seven races and was leading the Spanish Grand Prix, before a gearbox failure left him stuck in fifth gear. Schumacher finished the race in second place.[44] Following the San Marino Grand Prix, the Benetton, Ferrari and McLaren teams were investigated on suspicion of breaking the FIA-imposed ban on electronic aids. Benetton and McLaren initially refused to hand over their source code for investigation. When they did so, the FIA discovered hidden functionality in both teams' software, but no evidence that it had been used in a race. Both teams were fined $100,000 for their initial refusal to cooperate. However, the McLaren software, which was a gearbox program that allowed automatic shifts, was deemed legal. By contrast, the Benetton software was deemed to be a form of "launch control" that would have allowed Schumacher to make perfect starts, which was explicitly outlawed by the regulations. However, there was no evidence to suggest that this software was actually used.[45]

At the British Grand Prix, Schumacher was penalised for overtaking on the formation lap. He then ignored the penalty and the subsequent black flag, which indicates that the driver must immediately return to the pits, for which he was disqualified and later given a two-race ban. Benetton blamed the incident on a communication error between the stewards and the team.[46] Schumacher was also disqualified after winning the Belgian Grand Prix after his car was found to have illegal wear on its skidblock, a measure used after the accidents at Imola to limit downforce and hence cornering speed.[47] Benetton protested that the skidblock had been damaged when Schumacher spun over a kerb, but the FIA rejected their appeal because of the pattern of wear and damage visible on the block.[48]

These incidents helped Damon Hill close the points gap, and Schumacher led by a single point going into the final race in Australia. On lap 36 Schumacher hit the guardrail on the outside of the track while leading. Hill attempted to pass, but as Schumacher's car returned to the track there was a collision on the corner causing them both to retire.[49] As a result, Schumacher won a very controversial championship, the first German to do so (Jochen Rindt raced under the Austrian flag). At the FIA conference after the race, the new World Champion dedicated his title to Ayrton Senna.[50]

In 1995 Schumacher successfully defended his title with Benetton. He now had the same Renault engine as Williams. He accumulated 33 more points than second-placed Damon Hill. With teammate Johnny Herbert, he took Benetton to its first Constructors' Championship and became the youngest two-time World Champion in Formula One history.[51]

The season was marred by several collisions with Hill, in particular an overtaking manoeuvre by Hill took them both out of the British Grand Prix on lap 45, and again on lap 23 of the Italian Grand Prix. Schumacher won nine of the 17 races, and finished on the podium 11 times. Only once did he qualify worse than fourth; at the Belgian Grand Prix, he qualified 16th, but nevertheless went on to win the race.

Ferrari (1996–2006)
In 1996, Schumacher joined Ferrari, a team that had last won the Drivers' Championship in 1979 and the Constructors' Championship in 1983, for a salary of $60 million over 2 years. He left Benetton a year before his contract with them expired; he later cited the team's damaging actions in 1994 as his reason for opting out of his deal.[52] A year later Benetton employees Rory Byrne (designer) and Ross Brawn (Technical Director) joined Ferrari.[53]

Ferrari had previously come close to the championship in 1982 and 1990. The team had suffered a disastrous downturn in the early 1990s, partially as its famous V12 engine was no longer competitive against the smaller, lighter and more fuel efficient V10s of its competitors. Various drivers, notably Alain Prost, had given the vehicles labels such as "truck", "pig", and "accident waiting to happen".[54] Furthermore, the poor performance of the Ferrari pit crews was considered a running joke.[29] At the end of 1995, though the team had improved into a solid competitor, it was still considered inferior to front-running teams such as Benetton and Williams.[55] Schumacher declared the Ferrari 412T good enough to win the Championship.[56]

Schumacher, Ross Brawn, Rory Byrne, and Jean Todt (hired in 1993), have been credited as turning this once struggling team into the most successful team in Formula One history.[57][58] Three-time World Champion Jackie Stewart believes the transformation of the Ferrari team was Schumacher's greatest feat.[59] Eddie Irvine also joined the team, moving from Jordan.[60] During winter testing, Schumacher first drove a Ferrari, their 1995 Ferrari 412 T2, and was two seconds faster than former regulars Jean Alesi and Gerhard Berger had been.

زياد علي

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