Jeremy Renner

Jeremy Lee Renner[1] (born January 7, 1971)[2] is an American actor. He began his career by appearing in independent films such as Dahmer (2002) and Neo Ned (2005). Renner earned supporting roles in bigger films, such as S.W.A.T. (2003) and 28 Weeks Later (2007). Renner was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in The Hurt Locker (2008) and for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in The Town (2010). His films have grossed over $3.5 billion in North America and over $9.8 billion worldwide,[3] making him one of the highest-grossing box-office stars of all time.[4]

Renner played Hawkeye in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Captain America: Civil War (2016) and Avengers: Endgame (2019). He also appeared in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol (2011), The Bourne Legacy (2012), Hansel and Gretel: Witch Hunters (2013), American Hustle (2013), Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation (2015), and Arrival (2016). Renner is also a rock musician,[5] whose single "Main Attraction" was released in 2019.
Early life
Renner was born in Modesto, California, to mother Valerie Cearley (née Tague) and father Lee Renner, who managed McHenry Bowl, a Modesto bowling alley, in the 1980s.[6][7][8] His parents married as teenagers and divorced when he was ten.[9][10][11] He is the oldest of seven siblings.[12] His ancestry includes German, English, Scottish, Swedish, Irish and Panamanian.[13]

Renner graduated from Fred C. Beyer High School in Modesto in 1989.[7] He attended Modesto Junior College, where he studied computer science and criminology, before he took a drama class as an elective and decided to pursue acting.[7][14]

Career
Early work
Renner's made his film debut as an underachieving student in the 1995 comedy National Lampoon's Senior Trip.[15] Although the film was critically panned, he went on to guest star on two television shows, Deadly Games and Strange Luck, and had a minor role in the television film A Friend's Betrayal as the friend of Paul Hewitt (Brian Austin Green). Over the next few years, Renner had guest roles in Zoe, Duncan, Jack and Jane (1999), The Net (1999), The Time of Your Life (1999), and Angel (2000).[16] Renner had a small role in an episode of CSI: Crime Scene Investigation in 2001. Renner worked as a makeup artist during this period to help make ends meet.[17]

Early success: 2002–2008
In 2002, Renner starred in Dahmer as the eponymous serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer. He found the non-fiction role a challenge to cope with after he had finished shooting the film, knowing that Dahmer murdered seventeen victims.[18] His performance was well received, and he gained a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Male. He also appeared in Pink's 2003 music video for her song "Trouble" as a Bad Boy Sheriff.[19] Renner went on to appear in S.W.A.T.[20] as the former police partner of Colin Farrell's character in 2003 and The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things in 2004.[21]

In 2005, Renner starred with Julia Stiles and Forest Whitaker in A Little Trip to Heaven,[22] with roles in North Country and 12 and Holding. He next starred as a neo-Nazi skinhead who is admitted into a psychiatric hospital in Neo Ned with Gabrielle Union. The film won awards at multiple film festivals, including the Palm Beach International Film Festival Award for Best Actor. Renner also had a small (though uncredited) role in skateboard film Lords of Dogtown as the manager of Emile Hirsch's character. In 2006, he starred with Ginnifer Goodwin in Love Comes to the Executioner.

Renner had supporting roles in 2007 in the critically acclaimed The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford as Wood Hite, the cousin of outlaw Jesse James (portrayed by Brad Pitt), and as Sergeant Doyle in 28 Weeks Later.[23] He starred with Minnie Driver in Take and guest starred as a patient in an episode of House as a reckless rock musician. Renner had a role in the pilot of The Oaks[24] but the series was not picked up.[25]

2009–present
After starring with Dallas Roberts in the comedy-drama Ingenious and starring in the short-lived television series The Unusuals, Renner went on to achieve critical success for his portrayal of bomb disposal expert, Sergeant William James in the 2009 Iraq war thriller The Hurt Locker (directed by Kathryn Bigelow). The role earned him several awards in the Best Actor category and his first Academy Award nomination for Best Actor[26] as well a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination.
In 2010, Renner's performance in Ben Affleck's The Town alongside Jon Hamm, Blake Lively, Slaine and Michael Yebba garnered him rave reviews and his second Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor.[28] He also gained his first Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor[29] and his second Screen Actors Guild nomination.[30] The Hollywood Reporter named Renner as one of the young male actors who are "pushing – or being pushed" into taking over Hollywood as the new "A-List".[31]

In 2011, Renner had an uncredited cameo appearance as Hawkeye in Thor for familiarity with his character for The Avengers, which was released in May 2012.[32] In 2012, Renner starred as Hawkeye in the Marvel film The Avengers.[33] The same year, he also starred in the fourth film in the Bourne franchise, The Bourne Legacy, which was written and directed by Tony Gilroy.[34] Renner played a new lead character, Aaron Cross, in place of Jason Bourne, who was played by Matt Damon in the first three films. Renner has expressed interest in doing a Bourne film with Damon in the future, stating that "[it] would be kick-ass. I love Matt"
Renner starred in the action horror film Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters (released in January 2013), in which he and Gemma Arterton played Hansel and Gretel, respectively. The 3-D film was set 15 years after Hansel and Gretel killed the witch who kidnapped them.[36]

Renner was also featured in the ensemble cast of David O. Russell's dramedy American Hustle based on the controversial FBI ABSCAM operation of the late 1970s and early 1980s. The film, which was released in December 2013, also starred Christian Bale, Bradley Cooper, Amy Adams and Jennifer Lawrence in principal roles. The film earned much critical acclaim, including the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Picture. In October 2014, Renner starred as journalist Gary Webb in the Focus Features film Kill the Messenger, based on Webb's book Dark Alliance. Renner also co-produced the film. In December 2014, Crackle aired The Throwaways, a film for which he served as executive producer.[37]

In 2015, Renner reprised his role as Hawkeye in Avengers: Age of Ultron, the sequel to The Avengers.[38] He returned to the Mission: Impossible franchise in Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation, released in July 2015.[39] In 2016, Renner played Hawkeye again in the summer blockbuster film Captain America: Civil War, and starred with Amy Adams in the sci-fi film Arrival.[40] Renner is a producer of the 2016 film The Founder starring Michael Keaton as Ray Kroc, the man who turned McDonald's into one of the world's largest restaurant chains.[41]

In 2016, History announced their historical drama Knightfall, executive produced by Renner, who is expected to guest star.[42] In 2017, while working on the film Tag (2018), Renner fractured his right elbow and his left wrist.[43] He also appeared in the film Wind River with his MCU co-star Elizabeth Olsen.[citation needed]

Renner filmed scenes as Hawkeye for Avengers: Infinity War[44] and Avengers: Endgame.[45] Despite this, he did not appear in Infinity War.[46] Because of resulting scheduling conflicts, he was unable to reprise the role of William Brandt in Mission: Impossible – Fallout (2018).[47] In July, Jeremy Renner was announced to play Twitch Williams in Todd McFarlane's Spawn reboot.
Renner is also a singer-songwriter, guitarist, keyboardist, and drummer. Early in his acting career, he performed in the Sons of Ben. He has performed songs on several film soundtracks: "I Drink Alone" for North Country, "American Pie" for Love Comes to the Executioner, and "Good Ole Rebel" for The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford. He also appeared in music videos for "Trouble" by P!nk and "Scenes on Sunset" by Brother Sal. He was featured in Sam Feldt's 2018 single, "Heaven (Don't Have a Name)".[49]

Personal life
Renner married Canadian model Sonni Pacheco on January 13, 2014.[50] Renner and Pacheco have a daughter, Ava Berlin (born March 28, 2013).[51] On December 30, 2014, Pacheco filed for divorce from Renner, citing irreconcilable differences.[52] They share custody of their daughter.[53]

Renner lives in Washoe County, Nevada.[54]

Renner also runs a house-renovating business with his best friend and fellow actor, Kristoffer Winters.[15][55] In addition to acting, he studied Arnis (Filipino martial arts) and Muay Thai martial arts, mainly as preparation for his roles in the Mission: Impossible and Avengers franchises.[6][10]

Renner is a fan of the San Francisco 49ers.[56] He narrated the NFL Network documentary series The Timeline episode "A Tale of Two Cities", which chronicles the history of the team's rivalry with the Dallas Cowboys,[57] and the introductory video for the grand opening of Levi's Stadium

جينيفر أنيستون

جينيفر جوانا أنيستون (بالإنجليزية: Jennifer Aniston) ولدت في 11 فبراير 1969 هي ممثلة، منتجة أفلام وسيدة أعمال أمريكية. هي ابنة الممثل اليوناني-الأمريكي جون أنيستون والممثلة الأمريكية نانسي داو. اكتسبت جينيفر شهرة عالمية عقب لعبها لدور رايتشل غرين في المسرحية التلفزيونية الهزلية فريندز التي عُرضت من 1994 إلى 2004. حصلت بفضل دورها في هذه المسرحية على جائزة الإيمي برايم تايم كما نالت جائزة الغولدن غلوب وجائزة نقابة ممثلي الشاشة. تُعتبر أنيستون اليوم واحدة من أعظم الشخصيات النسائية في التلفزيون الأمريكي.

لعبت أنيستون دور الأنثى الفاتنة في عدد من الأفلام الكوميدية والرومانسية؛ وبدأت مسيرتها الاحترافية بالظهور في فيلم بروس الخارق الذي صدر عام 2003؛ ثم عاودت الظهور في فيلم الانفصال عام 2006 والذي حقق نجاحا كبيرا على مستوى شباك التذاكر. بعد ذلك بعامين ظهرت في فيلم مارلي وأنا ثم ظهرت عام 2011 في فيلم جست جو وذ إت وفي نفس العام صورت فيلم مدراء فظيعون قبل أن تظهر بدور البطولة في فيلم نحن آل ميلز الذي صَدَرَ عام 2013 والذي حقق أزيد من 200 مليون دولار في جميع أنحاء العالم. بالرغم من كل هذه النجاحات؛ فقد انتُقدت أنيستون في الكثير من الأفلام الأخرى التي لم تحظى بإعجاب النقاد بما في ذلك دور أوليفيا في فيلم الأصدقاء مع المال (2006) وكذلك دورها في فيلم الفتاة الصالحة الذي صدر سنة 2002 والذي ترشحت بفضله لجائزة الروح المستقلة لأفضل ممثلة رئيسية. تعرضت لانتقادات جديدة في سنة 2014 بعد دورها الذي وُصف "بالسيء" في فيلم الدراما كعكة والذي ترشحت عنه لجائزة الغولدن غلوب وجائزة نقابة ممثلي الشاشة عن فئة أفضل ممثلة. لها أفلام أخرى مثل جاء بولي الذي أُنتج عام 2004 ثم فيلم هو ليس معجبا بك فحسب لعام 2009. الجدير بالذكر هنا أن أنيستون شاركت عام 2008 في تأسيس شركة إنتاج صدى الأفلام.

في عام 2012 تم تكريم أنيستون في ممشى المشاهير في هوليوود وذلك اعترافا بكل ما قدمته لمجال التمثيل والسينما بشكل عام. تُعد أنيستون اليوم واحدة من الممثلات الأعلى أجرا في هوليوود،  واعتبارا من عام 2017 تُقدر صافي أرباح جينيفر بأزيد من 200 مليون دولار أمريكي. أدرجت في وقت سابق في قائمة العديد من المجلات كإحدى أجمل النساء في العالم. تزوجت بالممثل براد بيت وبقي الثنائي معاً لمدة 5 سنوات قبل أن ينفصلا. تزوجت عام 2015 بالممثل الآخر جاستن ثيرو لكنهما انفصلا مطلع شباط/فبراير 2018.
الحياة المبكرة
ولدت أنيستون في شيرمان أوكس في ولاية كاليفورنيا، هي ابنة الممثل جون أنيستون والممثلة نانسي داو (1936-2016). والدها يوناني الأصل أما والدتها فتربت وترعرت في كونيتيكت. تعود أصولها للمهاجرين الطليان،  أما والدتها فمختلطة الأنساب حيث تنتمي للعرق الإنجليزي، الأيرلندي، الاسكتلندي وحتى اليونانية. لدى أنيستون اثنين من الأشقاء؛ جون وأليكس. كانت أنيستون عرابة تيلي سافالاسواحد من أقرب الأصدقاء إلى والدها.

وهي طفلة، انتقلت أنيستون إلى مدينة نيويورك. على الرغم من أن أسرتها الصغيرة تمتهن مجال التمثيل إلا أن أنيستون كانت تمل من مشاهدة التلفزيون ومتابعة الأفلام. عندما بلغت السادسة بدأت في حضور مدرسة فالدورف. انفصل والديها عندما بلغت سن التاسعة. والدها معروف بفضل تجسيده لدور فيكتور كيرياكيس في مسلسل أيام حياتنا الذي عُرض عام 1985 على هيئة الإذاعة البريطانية. أما والدتها فقد ظهرت في اثنين من المسلسلات لا غير؛ الأول عُرض عام 1960 تحت عنوان الغراب المتوحش ثم الثاني الذي صدر تحت عنوان بيفرلي هيلبيليس.

بعد أن اكتشفت موهبة التمثيل لديها وهي في سن الحادية عشر قررت جينيفر الالتحاق بمدرسة لتعليم الموسيقى والفنون المسرحية في مانهاتن ثم انضمت فيما بعد إلى مدرسة لتعلُّم التمثيل وبخاصة الدراما. شاركت في بداية مسيرتها في مسرحية علامة في نافذة سيدني للورين هانزبيري ثم ظهرت في مسرحية الأخوات الثلاث لمؤلفها أنطون تشيخوف.

المسيرة المهنية
1988-1993: البدايات
عملت أنيستون في شركة برودواي للإنتاج الناشئة حيث لعبت بعض الأوار البسيطة في عدة أعمال لم تحظى بأية شعبية مثل دورها الثانوي في فيلم الحياة عزيزة. خلال هذه الفترة عملت جينيفر في عدة وظائف بدوام جزئي لتحسين وضعها المادي حيث عملت كمسوقة عبر الهاتف ثم عملت في وقت لاحق كنادلة. في عام 1989 سيتعرف البعض على جينيفر أنيستون حينما ظهرت كعارضة ترويجية لصالح شركة نوتريسيستام. في نفس العام انتقلت أنيستون إلى لوس أنجلوس.

لعبت أنيستون أول دور تلفزيوني لها في عام 1990 وذلك من خلال السلسلة القصيرة مالوي. كانت قد شاركت من قبل في فيلم إجازة فيريس بيولر الذي صدر عام 1986. ظهرت فيما بعد في مسلسلين كوميديين وهما الحافة والتخبط واللذان لم يُحققا أي شهرة. في عام 1993 ستُشارك في فيلم الرعب ليبريكون وهناك سيتعرف عليها المشاهد الأمريكي قبل أن تظهر كضيفة شرف في عدة أفلام بسيطة مثل نقلة نوعية والرئيس هيرمان.

1994 - 2002: الاحتراف في المجال التلفزيوني ودخول المجال السينمائي
بعدما قدمت أنيستون عدة أعمال وبات يعرفها المشاهد الأمريكي؛ بدأت في الاختفاء من الشاشة بشكل تدريجي خاصة بعد انتقالها للعيش في لوس أنجلوس. ساعد رئيس شركة بي سي للترفيه أنيستون حيث دفعها على الاستمرار في التمثيل، وبعد بضعة أشهر فقط حصلت على أحد أهم الأدوار في حياتها من خلال المشاركة في المسلسل الشهير فريندز، في الحقيقة كان من المقرر عرض المسلسل على بي بي سي لسنة واحدة فقط لكن تم تغيير مدة العرض والعديد من الأمور الأخرى؛ من بينها رغبة منتجي المسلسل في أداء أنيستون لدور مونيكا غيلر، ولكن كورتني كوكس كانت أنسب لهذا الدور وهكذا حصلت أنيستون على دور رايتشل غرين. عُرض عليها أيضا المشاركة في ساترداي نايت لايف ولكنها رفضت العرض بسبب مشاركتها في مسلسل فريندز.

كانت السلسلة ناجحة؛ حيث حققت أنيستون شهرة عالمية جنبا إلى جنب مع كل النجوم الذين شاركوها في المسلسل. حصلت أنيستون على راتبٍ بلغ 20 مليون دولار في الحلقة الأخيرة من الموسم الثاني لمسلسل فريندز فضلا عن ترشحها لخمس جوائز إيمي (اثنين في فئة أفضل ممثلة مساعدة وثلاثة عن فئة أفضل ممثلة). ترشحت أيضا لاثنين من جوائز الغولدن غلوب وفازت في عام 2003 بجائزة الغولدن غلوب لأفضل ممثلة عن مسلسل تلفزيوني كوميدي. حسب موسوعة غينيس للأرقام القياسية فإن أنيستون أصبحت أعلى ممثلة أجرا بعدما تقاضت مبلغ 20 مليون دولار لقاء مشاركتها في مسلسل فريندز.

بعد انقطاع دام لأربع سنوات عن السينما، عادت أنيستون إلى الأعمال السينمائية في عام 1996 عندما شاركت في فيلم إنها هي قبل أن تحصل على دور مهم في الفيلم السينمائي حلم مؤرق عام 1998. حصلت أنيستون على دور البطولة التامة لأول مرة في فيلم صورة مثالية الذي صدر سنة 1997 حيث تألقت رفقة كل من كيفين بيكن وجاي موهر. تلقى الفيلم في حقيقة الأمر مراجعات مختلطة إلا أن أداء جينيفر أنيستون كان متميزا حسب رأي الغالبية العظمى من النقاد الذين أشادوا بوجودها في مجال السينما وفي المجال الهوليودي. حصلت على دور البطولة مجددا في فيلم أوفيس سبايس الذي صدر سنة 1999 للمخرج مايك جادج. ظهرت أيضا في فيلم وجوه مودة من بلادي الذي أُخرج عام 1998 والذي تناول قصة امرأة تقع في حب رجل مثلي الجنس (لعب دور الرجل من قبل بول رود).

حصلت على إشادة من النقاد لأدائها في فيلم الفتاة الصالحة سنة 2002 حيث جسدت دور سيدة تخون زوجها لعدة أسباب. كانت ميزانية الفيلم منخفضة وتم عرضه في عدد قليل نسبيا من صالات العرض _أقل من 700 _ ولم يحقق سوى 14 مليون دولار في شباك التذاكر في الولايات المتحدة.
2012 - حاليا
ظهرت أنيستون في فيلم الكوميديا حب السفر الذي صدر سنة 2012 رفقة بول رود، الذي كانت قد شاركت معه في بطولة فيلم كائن من عاطفتي سنة 1998 ثم مسلسل فريندز. قامت شركة يونيفرسال بيكشرز بشراء فيلم حب السفر الذي كُتب بواسطة كين مارينو ويفيد وين في حين عمل جاد أباتاو على إنتاجه، تناول الفيلم قصة زوجين ينتقلان للعيش في البادية بعدما فقدا كل أموالهم خلال فترة عيشهم في المدينة؛ هناك تتغير طريقة ونمط العيش ويواجهون الكثير من المصاعب في الحياة. تلقى فيلم حب السفر مراجعات إيجابية لكنه فشل في شباك التذاكر حيث حقَّقَ 21 مليون دولار فقط في جميع أنحاء العالم في حين بلغت ميزانية إنتاجه 35 مليون دولار.

حصلت أنيستون على دور البطولة مع جيسون سوديكس في فيلم نحن آل ميلز الذي صدر سنة 2013 حيث تم تصويره في صيف عام 2012 في ويلمينغتون (كارولاينا الشمالية) في ولاية نيو مكسيكو، نحن آل ميلر هو فيلم كوميدي يتناول قصة تاجر مخدرات يعيش رفقة عائلة مزيفة. تلقى مراجعات مختلطة من النقاد، لكنه حقق نجاحا كبيرا على مستوى شباك التذاكر بعدما حقق ما يزيد عن الـ 296 مليون دولار مقابل ميزانية لم تتجاوز الـ 37 مليون دولار.

لعبت أنيستون دور ميكي داوسون في فيلم حياة الجريمة عام 2014، الفيلم مبني على قصة في رواية التبديل للكاتب إلمور ليونارد والتي صدرت سنة 1978. وصفت كاثرين شوارد من جريدة الغارديان أداء جينيفر "بالهزلي" أما إريك كون من موقع سلك مستقل فقد كتب أن دور أنيستون في الفيلم قائلا: «دور أنيستون كان حماسيا بالفعل ... وهو مختلف تماماً عما قدمته في مسلسل فريندز.» تلقى الفيلم مراجعات إيجابية خاصة في ظل مشاركة شُلة من النجوم من بينهم تيم روبنز، جون هوكس، ياسين باي، آيلا فيشر، ويل فورتيه ثم مارك بون جونيور.

حصلت أنيستون من بعد على دور البطولة في فيلم كعكة سنة 2014 للمخرج دانيال بارنز حيث جسدت شخصية امرأة تدعى كلير سيمونز تُكافح في حياتها من أجل تجاوز معاناتها مع الألم المزمن. تلقى الفيلم مراجعات مختلطة; ومع ذلك فقد أشاد النقاد بأداء أنيستون لدرجة أن البعض حاول الضغط من أجل ترشيحها للمنافسة على نيل جائزة الأوسكار. بل تم تكريمها في مهرجان تورونتو السينمائي الدولي. وكان غريغوري إلوود من موقع هايت فيكس قد علق على أداء حيني في الفيلم قائلا: «إنه حقا لأداء عظيم بل دور درامي مميز ... أنيستون جعلتنا نُؤمن فعلا بألم كلير، وقد تمكنت من الدور من بداية الفيلم حتى نهايته ... تستحق عليه فعلا كل الجوائز.» دورها في هذا الفيلم رشحها للمنافسة على جائزة اختيار النقاد للأفلام لأفضل ممثلة بالإضافة إلى جائزة غولدن غلوب لأفضل ممثلة في فيلم دراما ثم جائزة نقابة ممثلي الشاشة عن فئة أفضل دور نسائي بطولي في فيلم معين. جذير بالذكر أن شلة من النجوم قد شاركتها في البطولة بما في ذلك أدريانا بارازا، آنا كيندريك، سام ورذينجتن، فيليستي هوفمان وويليام ميسي.

في عام 2015 ،لعبت جينيفر دور جين كليرمونت في فيلم هي مضحكة بتلك الطريقة من إخراج بيتر بوغدانوفيتش. الفيلم تم إنتاجه من قبل ويس أندرسون ونواه بومباك ومن بطولة كل من أوين ويلسون، ايموجين بوتس، كاثرين هان، ريس ايفانز وويل فورتيه. تلقى الفيلم مراجعات مختلطة ولكن أداء أنيستون حضي بالإشادة مرة أخرى حيث وصف الناقد ويسلي موريس من موقع جرانتلاند أداء جيني قائلا: «إنها واحدة من أبرز الكوميديات على الشاشة ... معظم مشاهد الفيلم كانت غريبة ومبتذلة وحادة جدا لكن وجود أنيستون قلب الأمور رأسا على عقب، هناك متعة حقيقة في وجودها ناهيك عن موهبتها فهي مضحكة في كل شيء.» أما لومينيك من نيويورك بوست فقد وصف أداء جينيفر قائلا: «إنها واحدة من الأدوار التي أضاءت الفيلم».

لعبت أنيستون دور البطولة في الفيلم الرومانسي الكوميدي عيد الأم الذي صدر سنة 2016 من إخراج غاري مارشال وشارك في البطولة رفقة جوليا روبرتس، كيت هدسون، تيموثي أوليفانت ثم جيسون سوديكس. صدر الفيلم في نيسان/أبريل 2016، وتلقى تقييما سيئا جدا كما لم ينل تلك الأرباح المتوقعة في شباك التذاكر. في عام 2016، حصلت أنيستون على دور مميز في فيلم الرسوم المتحركة اللقالق إلى جانب كل من أندي سامبيرج وكيلسي جرامر. صدر الفيلم يوم 23 سبتمبر، وقد تلقى مراجعات إيجابية بالفعل كما حقق أزيد من 182 مليون دولار في حين بلغت ميزانيته 70 مليون دولار. حصلت بعد ذلك مباشرة على دور البطولة في فيلم حفلة عيد الميلاد رفقة جيسون بيتمان وكيت مكينون ومن إخراج جوش غوردون. أفرج عن الفيلم في 9 ديسمبر/كانون الأول من عام 2016. من كانون الأول/ديسمبر 2015 وحتى يناير 2016 كانت جينيفر أنيستون منشغلة بتصوير فيلم الدراما الطيور الصفراء للمخرج ألكسندر موروكان ومن بطولة ألدن إرينيرك، تاي شيريدان، جاك هيوستن وتوني كوليت. قُدِّم الفيلم لأول مرة في مهرجان صندانس السينمائي الدولي في 21 كانون الثاني/يناير 2017.

في عام 2017، تسربت أخبار تُفيد بأن جينيفر ستعمل رفقة ريس ويذرسبون على خدمة بث أو شيء من هذا القبيل لصالح شركة أبل. وقعت في عام 2018 على عقد مع الشركة الرائدة نيتفليكس من أجل تصوير -أو الإعلان- عن مجموعة من المشاريع بما في ذلك الفيلم الكوميدي لغز جريمة قتل رفقة آدم ساندلر،  بالإضافة إلى فيلم الكوميديا الآخر السيدة الأولى والذي يتناول قصة مثلية زوجة رئيس الولايات المتحدة تيغ نوتارو.

الأعمال الأخرى والمشاريع التجارية
ظهرت أنيستون في العديد من الإعلانات التجارية وأشرطة الفيديو والموسيقى طوال حياتها المهنية. في عام 1996 ظهرت رفقة توم بيتي وهرتبركر في الفيديو الموسيقي "الجدران". في عام 2001 عادت أنيستون للظهوئ مع ميليسا إثريدج في الفيديو الموسيقي "أريد أن أكون في الحب". ظهرت جيني في بعض إعلانات هينيكن التجارية التي كانت حُظرت في وقت لاحق في الولايات المتحدة بسبب قضايا العلامات التجارية. كما ظهرت في إعلانات تجارية أخرى لصالح شركة لوريال للعناية بالشعر. في عام 1995 سجلت أنيستون رفقة الممثل ماثيو بيري فيديو تعليمي لمدة 60 دقيقة وذلك قُبيل إفراج شركة مايكروسوفت عن نظام التشغيل ويندوز 95. جنبا إلى جنب مع براد بيت والرئيس التنفيذي لشركة باراماونت بيكتشرز أسَّست أنيستون شركة إنتاج سينمائي خاصة بها في عام 2002،  إلا أنها انسحبت منها عام 2005. في عام 2008 اتحدت مع المنتج كريستين هان من أجل تأسيس شركة إنتاج صدى الأفلام.

بموجب عقد مع إليزابيث أردن، عملت أنيستون لأكثر من سنة على تقديم جديد العطور خاصة في هارودز بلندن. أطلقت أنيستون عطرا خاصا بها حمل اسم لولافي جنيفر أنيستون ولكن لتفادي الخلط بينها وبين اسم العطر تم تغيير الاسم إلى جنيفر أنيستون. في مقابلة معها عقب إفراج أنيستون عن عطرها قالت: «أود أيضا خلق عطر خاص بالرجال.» في عام 2014 أطلقت عطرا ثانيا حمل هذه المرة اسم جي (بالإنجليزية: J). ثم عادت في عام 2015 لتُطلق ثالث العطور الخاصة بها والذي حمل هذه المرة اسم قرب الغسق في حين أطلقت العطر الرابع في عام 2016 تحت اسم - . في تموز/يوليو 2017 أطلقت جيني خامس عطر لها تحت اسم لوكس. في شرين الأول/أكتوبر من نفس العام أعلنت الممثلة عن إطلاق عطر سادس حمل اسم الفصل الأول لينضم بذلك لقائمة عطورها الخاصة.

منذ عام 2007 وأنيستون تعمل في حملة دعائية من أجل شرب أنواع مختلفة من المياه؛ وفي 7 آذار/مارس من عام 2011 أصدرت فيديو على قناتها الرسمية على موقع يوتيوب بعنوان "وداعا للفيروسات مع جينيفر أنيستون" حيث حثت فيه على شرب أنواع مختلفة من المياه كون أن هذا الأمر يقي من الكثير من الفيروسات الممرضة. في كانون الثاني/يناير 2013 أصبحت أنيستون وجه شركة أفينو (بالإنجليزية: Aveeno) للعناية بالبشرة. ثم بدأت في بث الإعلانات التجارية لصالح هذه الشركة بحلول مايو 2013. في عام 2015 أصبحت الوجه الجديد لطيران الإمارات في صفقة قدرت بعض وسائل الإعلام أنها حصلت فيها على مبلغ 5 ملايين دولار. قيل إن الحملة التسويقية التي قامت بها أنيستون لصالح شركة دبي وطيران الإمارات قد كُللت بالنجاح حيث أصبحت شركة الطيران تلك العلامة التجارية الأكثر شعبية في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة للعام الثاني على التوالي. في 5 تشرين الأول/أكتوبر من عام 2016 صدر لجيني ثاني إعلان لها. ثم أصبحت في نفس العام المتحدثة الرسمية باسم حملة حب العين (بالإنجليزية: eyelove).

العمل الخيري
تقوم أنيستون ببعض التبرعات الخيرية من فترة إلى أخرى فهي شريكة في إحدى المؤسسات الخيرية غير الهدافة للربح والتي تُساعد للأيتام في تيخوانا بالمكسيك. ظهرت جيني أيضا في العديد من الإعلانات التلفزيونية لدعم وجمع التبرعات لصالح الأطفال في المشافي؛ كما قامت في أيلول/سبتمبر 2008 بحملة تبرع لصالح مرضى السرطان. شاركت في فيديو تحت عنوان "لا يمكن الانتظار" وهو عبارة عن حملة مجانية للتحسيس بضحايا القتل في بورما.

في 14 أبريل 2007 نالت أنيستون جائزة جلاد (بالإنجليزية: GLAAD) اعترافا بمساهماتها الكبيرة في التوضيح بالمثلية، ازدواجية الميول الجنسية والمتحولين جنسيا ومحاولة إدماجهم داخل المجتمع. أما في يوم الأرض عام 2010 فقد انضمت جينيفر إلى جانب كورتني كوكس، وودي هارلسون، بن ستيلر وغيرهم من أجل تصوير فيديو مهم عن هذا اليوم؛ وفي محاولة منها -ومن باقي من شاركها- لوقف ذبح الدلافين وحماية الشعب الياباني من مستويات سامة من الزئبق الموجودة في لحوم الدلافين.

تبرعت أنيستون بمبلغ نصف مليون دولار لصالح منظمة أطباء بلا حدود في هايتي كما شاركت في حفلات تيليثون في نفس الدولة.

في 12 أكتوبر عام 2017 أُفيد أن أنيستون قد تبرعت بمبلغ نصف مليون دولار إلى الحركة الدولية للصليب الأحمر والهلال الأحمر ثم تبرعت بنصف مليون دولار آخر لفائدة مؤسسة ريكي مارتن لمساعدة ضحايا إعصار هارفي، إيرما وماريا.

الحياة الشخصية
العلاقات
التقت أنيستون ببراد بيت في عام 1998؛ ثم تطورت العلاقة بينها بسرعة كبيرة وغطّّتها وسائل الإعلام المحلية والدولية على نطاق واسع. تزوج الثنائي بعد عامين من المواعدة في 29 يوليو 2000 ثم أقاما حفل زفاف فخم في ماليبو. لبضع سنوات كان يُعتبر زواجهما "نجاحا هوليوديا" من النادر تحقيقه لكن في 7 كانون الثاني/يناير من عام 2005 أعلن الزوجان عن انفصالهما وانتهت العلاقة بالطلاق في 2 أكتوبر 2005. أثناء إجراءات الطلاق كانت هناك تكهنات مكثفة في وسائل الإعلام تُؤكد أن بيت كان غير مخلصا لأنيستون خاصة بعدما شارك مع أنجلينا جولي في فيلم السيد والسيدة سميث والذي رُجح أنه سبب الانفصال. في الأشهر التالية كان هناك رد فعل عنيف من الجمهور تجاه الطلاق حسب ما ذكرت الصحافة؛ حيث ظهرت طائفة سمَّت نفسها بـ "فريق أنيستون" وطائفة أخرى تُدعى "فريق جولي" ولبس الفريقان قمصانا تضم صور الممثلتان لدعمهما في جميع أنحاء البلاد. علقت أنيستون على الطلاق في كانون الثاني/يناير 2015 خلال مقابلة لها مع هوليوود ريبورتر حيث أشارت قائلة: «لا أحد فَعل أي شيء خاطئ ... لقد حصلت فقط أشياء لم تكن جيدة في بعض الأحيان.»

في عام 2005 وفي ظل تقارير أكدت على أن براد انفصل عن جينيفر كون هذه الأخيرة كانت ترفض أن يكون لها أطفال مع بيت لكن أنيستون نفت كل هذا خلال حديثها مع فانيتي فير حيث صرحت: «لم يسبق لي في حياتي أن قلت "لا أريد أن يكون لدي أطفال" لم أفعل ... في الحقيقة لن أتخلى عن هذه التجربة.» كشفت أنيستون أيضا أن طلاقها تسببت فيه والدتها نانسي بالإضافة إلى بعض الأشخاص الذين انفصلت عنهم منذ ما يقرب من عقد من الزمان. أكدت أنيستون على أنها لم تندم على زواجها من براد مشيرة في الوقت ذاته إلى طبيعة العلاقة التي كانت تجمعها به: «كانت سنوات سبعة "مكثفة" للغاية ... كانت سنوات جميلة أمَّا العلاقة بيننا فكانت مُعقدة.
دخلت أنيستون في علاقة مع الممثل، المخرج، وكاتب السيناريو جاستن ثيرو في أيار/مايو 2011. في كانون الثاني/يناير 2012 قامت أنيستون جنبا إلى جنب مع ثيرو بشراء منزل في لوس أنجليس بمبلغ قُدر بـ US$22 مليون دولار. ظهرت جيني مع جاستن كثيرا ثم تزوج الثنائي في 5 آب/أغسطس 2015. في 15 فبراير/شباط من عام 2018 أعلنت أنيستون وثيرو عن انفصالهما وذلك في تصريح خاص لوكالة أسوشيتد برس.

السياسة
تُعتبر أنيستون ديمقراطية حيث سبق لها وأن تبرَّعت لصالح الرئيس السابق باراك أوباما خلال حملته الانتخابات الرئاسية كما شاركت في جمع الأموال للمرشحة الديمقراطية الأخرى هيلاري كلينتون خلال حملتها الانتخابية الرئاسية عام 2016.

الصحة واللياقة البدنية
تُمارس أنيستون رياضتي اليوغا والكاراتيه. في عام 2014 صرحت أنيستون أنها تُمارس وتتدرب على ما يُعرف برياضة التأمل التجاوزي. جذير بالذكر هنا أن أنيستون عانت في سنين مراهقتها عندما تم تشخيص إصابتها بعسر القراءة الذي أثر على حياتها التعليمية وعلى احترامها لذاتها وهي شابة في العشرين؛ ذكرت جينيفر حينها أن نظرتها تجاه الحياة قد تغيرت وأضافت: «أعتقد أنني لم أكن الذكية. لم أكن أستطيع الإبقاء على أي شيء؛ وهذا كان اكتشافا عظيما بالنسبة لي. شعرت خلال طفولتي بالصدمة فتلاشت أمامي كل المآسي الدرامية.»

Jennifer Aniston

Jennifer Joanna Aniston (born February 11, 1969) is an American actress, film producer, and businesswoman. The daughter of actors John Aniston and Nancy Dow, she began working as an actress at an early age with an uncredited role in the 1987 film Mac and Me. Since her career grew in the early 1990s, Aniston has been one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood.

Aniston rose to international fame portraying Rachel Green on the television sitcom Friends (1994–2004), for which she earned Primetime Emmy, Golden Globe, and Screen Actors Guild awards. The character was widely popular while the series aired and was later described as one of the greatest female characters in American television history. Aniston has since played starring roles in numerous comedies and romantic comedies. Her box office successes include Bruce Almighty (2003), The Break-Up (2006), Marley & Me (2008), Just Go with It (2011), Horrible Bosses (2011), and We're the Millers (2013), each of which grossed over $200 million in worldwide box office receipts. Her most critically acclaimed roles include such films as Office Space (1999), The Good Girl (2002), Friends with Money (2006), Cake (2014), and Dumplin' (2018).

Aniston has been included in numerous magazines' lists of the world's most beautiful women. Her net worth is estimated to be US$200 million. She is the recipient of a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Aniston is also the co-founder of the production company Echo Films, established in 2008.

Divorced from actor Brad Pitt, to whom she was married for five years, Aniston is separated from actor Justin Theroux, whom she married in 2015
Early life
Aniston was born on February 11, 1969, in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Sherman Oaks,[1][2] the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and actress Nancy Dow.[1] One of her maternal great-grandfathers, Louis Grieco, was from Italy.[3] Her mother's other ancestry includes English, Irish, Scottish, and a small amount of Greek.[4] Aniston has two half-brothers: John Melick, her older maternal half-brother, and Alex Aniston, her younger paternal half-brother.[1] Aniston's godfather was actor Telly Savalas, one of her father's best friends.[1][5]

As a child she moved to New York City.[1] Despite her father's television career she was discouraged from watching television, though she found ways around the prohibition. When she was six, she began attending a Waldorf school.[6] Her parents split up when she was nine years old.[7]

Having discovered acting at age 11 at the Waldorf school,[7] Aniston enrolled in Manhattan's Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts, where she joined the school's drama society;[8] Anthony Abeson was her drama teacher.[9] She performed in The Sign in Sidney Brustein's Window by Lorraine Hansberry and Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov.[10]

Career
Beginnings (1988–1993)
Aniston first worked in Off-Broadway productions such as For Dear Life and Dancing on Checker's Grave,[1] and supported herself with part-time jobs which included working as a telemarketer, waitress, and bike messenger.[1] In 1988, she had an uncredited minor role in the critically panned sci-fi adventure film Mac and Me. The next year she appeared on The Howard Stern Show as a spokesmodel for Nutrisystem,[11] and moved back to Los Angeles.[12]

She obtained her first regular television role on Molloy in 1990, and appeared in Ferris Bueller, a television adaptation of the 1986 film Ferris Bueller's Day Off; both series were quickly canceled. She starred as a teenager going to summer camp in the made-for-television film Camp Cucamonga (1990), and as a spoiled daughter followed by a vengeful leprechaun in the horror film Leprechaun (1993).[13] A 2014 retrospective from Entertainment Weekly identified Leprechaun as her worst role,[14] and Aniston herself has expressed embarrassment over it.[15]

Aniston also appeared in two more failed television comedy series, The Edge and Muddling Through,[16] and guest-starred in Quantum Leap, Herman's Head, and Burke's Law.[17][18]

Friends and breakout (1994–2004)
Depressed over her four unsuccessful television shows, Aniston approached Warren Littlefield at a Los Angeles gas station asking for reassurance. The head of NBC entertainment encouraged her to continue acting, and a few months later helped cast her for Friends,[19][16] a sitcom that was set to debut on NBC's 1994–1995 fall lineup. The producer originally wanted Aniston to audition for the role of Monica Geller,[20] but Courteney Cox was considered more suitable. Thus, Aniston was cast as Rachel Green. She was also offered a spot as a featured player on Saturday Night Live, but turned it down to do Friends.[21] She played Rachel until the show ended in 2004.
The program was successful and Aniston, along with her co-stars, gained worldwide recognition among television viewers. Her character was widely popular and was later recognized as one of the greatest female characters in American television.[22][23] The actress received five Primetime Emmy Award nominations (two for Supporting Actress, three for Lead Actress), including a win for Lead Actress.[24] She was also nominated for two Golden Globe Awards and won in 2003 as Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy. According to the Guinness Book of World Records, Aniston (along with her female co-stars) became the highest-paid television actress of all time with her $1 million-per-episode paycheck for the final season of Friends.[25] Her character's relationship with Ross Geller, portrayed by David Schwimmer in the show, was widely popular among audiences, and the couple was frequently voted as television's favorite couple in polls and magazines.[26]

Following a four-year hiatus, Aniston returned to film work in 1996, when she performed in the ensemble cast of romantic comedy She's the One.[27] Aniston's first starring vehicle was Picture Perfect (1997), in which she played a struggling young advertising executive opposite Kevin Bacon and Jay Mohr. While the film received mixed reviews, it was a moderate commercial success,[28] and Aniston's performance was more warmly received, with many critics suggesting that she had screen presence.[29] In 1998, she appeared as a woman who falls for a gay man (played by Paul Rudd) in the romantic comedy The Object of My Affection,[30] and the next year she starred as a restaurant waitress in the cult film Office Space.[31]

She starred in the independent dramedy The Good Girl (2002) as an unglamorous cashier who cheats on her husband. The film was a commercial success in limited release, taking in over $14 million in North America.[32] Film critic Roger Ebert declared it her breakthrough:
After languishing in a series of overlooked movies that ranged from the entertaining Office Space to the disposable Picture Perfect, Jennifer Aniston has at last decisively broken with her Friends image in an independent film of satiric fire and emotional turmoil. It will no longer be possible to consider her in the same way.[33]

Aniston's biggest commercial success in film has been the comedy Bruce Almighty (2003), in which she played the girlfriend of a television field reporter (Jim Carrey) offered the chance to be God for one week.[34] With a worldwide box office gross of $484 million,[35][36] the film was the fifth-highest-grossing big screen production of the year.[37] Aniston next starred as the old classmate of a tightly-wound newly-wed in the romantic comedy Along Came Polly (2004), opposite Ben Stiller,[38] which placed number one at the North American box office, earning $27.7 million in its opening weekend;[39] it eventually made $172 million globally.[40]

Continued film success (2005–2013)
In 2005, Aniston appeared as an alluring woman having an affair with an advertising executive in the thriller Derailed, and as an obituary and wedding announcement writer in the romantic comedy Rumor Has It.[41][42] Both films were moderate box office hits.[43][44] Aniston took on the role of a single, cash-strapped woman working as a maid in the independent drama Friends with Money (2006), which received a limited release.[45]

Her next film was the romantic comedy The Break-Up (2006), alongside Vince Vaughn, in which she starred as one half of a couple having a complicated split when both refuse to move out of the pair's recently purchased home. It received mixed reviews but grossed approximately $39.17 million during its opening weekend and $204 million worldwide.[46] The A.V. Club's Keith Phipps gave the film a negative review, stating, "It's like watching the 'we were on a break' episode of Friends stretched to feature length, and without the blessed relief of commercial breaks or the promise of Seinfeld around the corner."[47] CinemaBlend gave the film a positive review stating, "In an era of formulaic romantic movies that bear no resemblance to reality, The Break-Up offers a refreshing flipside."[48]

In 2006, Aniston directed the short film Room 10, set in a hospital emergency room and starring Robin Wright and Kris Kristofferson, as part of Glamour's Reel Moments film series.[49] She noted that she was inspired to direct by actress Gwyneth Paltrow, who also directed a short film that year.[50] In 2007, Aniston guest-starred in an episode of Dirt—playing the rival of Courteney Cox's character[51]—and in an episode of 30 Rock, playing a woman who stalks Jack Donaghy.[52] For the latter she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination as Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series
The 2005 comedy drama Marley & Me, with Aniston and Owen Wilson as the owners of the titular dog, set a record for the largest Christmas Day box office sales ever with $14.75 million. It earned a total of $51.7 million over the four-day weekend and placed number one at the box office, a position it maintained for two weeks.[54] The total worldwide gross was $242.7 million.[55] Her next film in wide release, the romantic comedy He's Just Not That into You (2009), in which she starred opposite Ben Affleck, grossed $178.8 million globally[56] and ranked number one at the United States box office for its opening weekend.[57] While it received mixed reviews, Aniston, along with Affleck, Ginnifer Goodwin, and Jennifer Connelly, were praised by critics as stand-outs in the film.[58][59]

Aniston appeared as the former wife of a bounty hunter (Gerard Butler) in the romantic comedy action film The Bounty Hunter (2010). The film was panned by critics, with The Hollywood Reporter writing that "the mishmash ends up as a thoroughly unfunny adult cartoon."[60] Nevertheless, it was a box office success, garnering over $130 million worldwide.[61] A lukewarm box office reception greeted her next film, the romantic comedy The Switch (2010), in which she starred with Jason Bateman as a 30-something single woman who decides to have a child using a sperm bank. The film's opening weekend drew what The Hollywood Reporter dubbed "a dispiriting $8.4 million."[62] The film received generally mixed reviews, with review site Metacritic showing 13 out of 30 critics delivering a positive verdict.[63]

In 2010, Aniston was also a guest star on the season two premiere of ABC's sitcom Cougar Town, playing a psychiatrist.[64] Her announcement that she would appear on Cougar Town garnered excitement and was dubbed her return to television. The A.V. Club wrote, "[her role is] is a funny bit, and it highlights just how much Jennifer Aniston is built to be a TV star."[65][66][67] In 2011, she starred opposite Adam Sandler as an office manager posing as the wife of a plastic surgeon in the romantic comedy Just Go with It,[68][69][70] and played a sexually aggressive dentist in Horrible Bosses.[71] Just Go with It and Horrible Bosses both made over $100 million in North America and $200 million worldwide.[72][73]

Aniston appeared in the comedy Wanderlust (2012) with Paul Rudd,[74] with whom she acted in The Object of My Affection and also Friends, as a married couple who join a commune after losing their money and deciding modern life is not for them.[75] The script for Wanderlust, bought by Universal Pictures,[76] was produced by Judd Apatow.[77][78] Wanderlust received positive reviews but was a box office failure, grossing only $21 million worldwide, against a production budget of $35 million.[79] Aniston starred as a struggling stripper who agrees to pose as a wife for a drug deal, with Jason Sudeikis, in We're the Millers (2013). The film received mixed reviews from critics,[80] but was a financial success, grossing $269 million against a budget of $37 million.[81]

Recent roles and return to television (2014–present)
Aniston played the role of a stoic socialite who becomes the target of an ill-planned kidnapping plot in Life of Crime (2014), a film adaptation of Elmore Leonard's 1978 novel The Switch.[82] The film was released in limited theaters, to positive reviews.[83] Catherine Shoard of The Guardian described her performance as "endearingly comic"[84] and Eric Kohn of Indie Wire wrote that "Aniston tops any of her recent performances with a spirited turn that harkens back to her neurotic days on Friends."[85] She also reprised her role for Horrible Bosses 2 (2014).[86]

In Cake (2014), Aniston starred as an astringent woman named Claire Simmons who struggles with chronic pain.[87] The film received mixed reviews; however, Aniston's performance was highly praised, dubbed by some critics as "Oscar-worthy."[88][89][90][91] The Toronto International Film Festival called her performance "heartbreakingly good",[92] Gregory Ellwood of HitFix stated, "It's really on most people's radar for being a rare dramatic turn for Jennifer Aniston, and she doesn't disappoint." He further stated, "Aniston makes you believe in Claire's pain. She makes you believe this character is at her lowest point and only she can pull herself out of it. ... It's a complete performance from beginning to end and she deserves the appropriate accolades for it."[93] For her portrayal, Aniston was nominated for the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress, Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, and SAG Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role
In 2015, Aniston starred as a reluctant therapist in the screwball comedy She's Funny That Way,[96] which received mixed reviews and found a limited release in theaters, but her performance was once again noticed. Wesley Morris of Grantland called her "one of the great screen comedians. ... Most of her scenes here are extraneous, but her vulgarity and tartness are so sharp that the movie needs them. ... This isn't just Aniston having the best stuff. It's her having the most fun with her talent. She's funny in every way."[97] She was "one of the film's few bright spots" for Lou Lumenick from The New York Post.[98]

Aniston starred as the recently divorced mother of two children in the romantic comedy Mother's Day (2016), directed by Garry Marshall, and opposite Julia Roberts and Kate Hudson.[99] The film was panned by critics and a moderate commercial success.[100] In 2016, she voiced a workaholic and overprotective mother in the animated film Storks, alongside Andy Samberg and Kelsey Grammer,[101] which was released to mostly positive reviews; it grossed over $183.4 million with a $70 million budget.[102][103] Her last 2016 film role was that of a frigidly cold head honcho of a company in the comedy Office Christmas Party, directed by Josh Gordon and Will Speck and opposite Jason Bateman and Kate McKinnon.[104] It made $114.5 million globally.[105]

In The Yellow Birds, a war drama directed by Alexandre Moors, Aniston portrays the mother of a deceased soldier, alongside Alden Ehrenreich, Tye Sheridan, Jack Huston, and Toni Collette.[106] While she said she does not "normally gravitate toward being in war films", she made an exception because the film was "written so beautifully and in such a way [she] had never experienced".[107] The film, first presented during the 2017 Sundance Film Festival, received a VOD release in June 2018.[108] The Los Angeles Times wrote in its review: "Toni Collette and Jennifer Aniston as the soldiers' quite different but equally concerned mothers, deliver uniformly naturalistic performances".[109]

In December 2018, Netflix released the musical comedy Dumplin', with Aniston as executive producer and star—marking her first project for a streaming service.[110] That year, she began work on two more Netflix projects: Murder Mystery, a comedy that reunites her with Adam Sandler, which premiered on June 14, 2019;[111] and First Ladies, a film about the first lesbian President of the United States, with Tig Notaro as her wife.[112] In late 2019, Aniston will make her return to television, starring alongside Reese Witherspoon in the Apple TV+ drama The Morning Show. This will be Aniston's first main television role since the conclusion of Friends in 2004.[113]

Other ventures
Aniston has appeared in commercials and music videos throughout her career. After starting on Friends, Aniston and her co-star Matthew Perry shot a 60-minute instructional video for the release of Microsoft's Windows 95 operating system.[114] The next year she appeared in commercials for L'Oreal hair products.[115]

Under a contract with Elizabeth Arden, Inc.,[116] Aniston worked for over a year on her first perfume, which was released in July 2010.[117][118] Original plans called for the perfume to be named "Lolavie by Jennifer Aniston", but to avoid confusion with a similarly named perfume, the name was changed to simply "Jennifer Aniston".[119] In 2014, she launched her second perfume, named J,[120][121] followed by Near Dusk (2015),[116] Beachscape (2016),[122] Luxe and Chapter One (both in 2017).[123][124]

Since 2007, she has worked in a publicity campaign for the drink SmartWater; on March 7, 2011, she released a YouTube video for SmartWater, Jennifer Aniston Goes Viral, which tripled online interest in the product within 24 hours of its release.[125][126][127] In 2012, Aniston co-founded hair care brand Living Proof and also became its spokeswoman. She left when the company was sold to Unilever in 2016.[128][129][130] In January 2013, she became the new spokeswoman of Aveeno Skincare.[131] She replaced Daniella van Graas as Aveeno's spokesmodel and became its new "face". Reportedly, Aniston is paid "eight figures" for her endorsement.[132][133][134][135] For roughly $5 million she became the new face of Emirates airline in 2015,[136][137] which was reportedly a success.[138] For pharmaceutical company Shire, she appeared in a 2016 campaign raising awareness about chronic dry eye.[139][140]

She appeared in the 1996 Tom Petty and The Heartbreakers music video for "Walls", and in 2001, in Melissa Etheridge's music video for "I Want To Be in Love".[141][unreliable source?] She also appeared in a Heineken commercial.[115]

Along with Brad Pitt and Brad Grey, CEO of Paramount Pictures, Aniston founded the film production company Plan B Entertainment in 2002,[142] although she and Grey withdrew in 2005.[143][144] In 2008, she and producer Kristin Hahn formed Echo Films.[145]

Philanthropy
Aniston has been a celebrity advocate for numerous charities and received attention for her own donations. She has appeared in television commercials for St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital, and hosted September 2008's Stand Up to Cancer show.[146] In the "It Can't Wait" campaign to free Burma, Aniston directed and starred in a video.[147] She is a supporter of Friends of El Faro, a non-profit organization that helps raise money for Casa Hogar Sion, an orphanage in Tijuana, Mexico.[148]
On April 14, 2007, Aniston received GLAAD's Vanguard Award for her contributions to increased visibility and understanding of the LGBT community.[149] On Earth Day 2010, she joined Courteney Cox, Woody Harrelson, Ben Stiller and others, in "The Cove PSA: My Friend is...",[150] an effort to stop the slaughter of dolphins based on the documentary The Cove.[151][152] In 2013, she was named the Entertainment Industry Foundation (EIF) ambassador for the Saks Fifth Avenue Key to the Cure campaign, which raises funds for the EIF Women's Cancer Research Fund.[153] In 2015, she supported the Comic Relief, Inc. charity.[154] Other charities that Aniston has publicly supported include Clothes Off Our Back, Feeding America, EB Medical Research Foundation, Project A.L.S., OmniPeace, and the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network.[155]

Aniston donated $500,000 to Doctors Without Borders, Haitian health care provider Partners in Health and AmeriCares,[156][157] and also participated in the Hope for Haiti Now telethon. She donated $500,000 to the Red Cross and another $500,000 to the Ricky Martin Foundation in 2017 to help victims of hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria.[158]

After being honored by SmartWater in 2016 for her ongoing philanthropic work for St. Jude's, Aniston spoke of the importance of philanthropy in her life to InStyle magazine: "We live an extremely beautiful, fortunate life being able to do what we get to do for a living. And so it's a way of being able to be in a position to do something for people who are less able. It's something that makes my heart smile."[15
Personal life
Aniston practices Hatha yoga and Budokan karate.[160][161][162] In 2014, she spoke of her Transcendental Meditation practice.[163] The following year, she revealed she has dyslexia, which had affected her education and self-esteem, and that after being diagnosed in her 20s, her outlook toward life changed. She stated, "I thought I wasn't smart. I just couldn't retain anything. Now I had this great discovery. I felt like all of my childhood trauma-dies, tragedies, dramas were explained."[164]

Aniston is a Democrat, donating to Barack Obama's presidential campaign and taking part in a fund-raising lunch for Hillary Clinton during her 2016 Presidential campaign.[165][166][167]

Relationships
She was romantically linked to actor Tate Donovan. The couple began dating in 1995, but ended their relationship after two and a half years in 1998.[168]

Aniston met Brad Pitt in 1998; their relationship was widely publicized in the press.[169][170] She married Pitt, after two years of dating, on July 29, 2000, in a lavish Malibu wedding. For a few years, their marriage was considered the rare Hollywood success.[1] On January 7, 2005, they announced their separation,[171] and finalized their divorce on October 2.[172] During their divorce proceedings, there was intense speculation in the media that Pitt had been unfaithful to Aniston with his Mr. & Mrs. Smith co-star Angelina Jolie, whom he started dating soon after the split.[173] In the following months, the public's reaction toward the divorce was reported in the press, and "Team Aniston" and "Team Jolie" T-shirts appeared throughout the country.[173] Aniston commented on the divorce in a January 2015 interview with The Hollywood Reporter, stating that: "Nobody did anything wrong... It was just like, sometimes things [happen]."[164]

In 2005, amid reports that their divorce was due to Aniston's refusal to have children with Pitt, Aniston stated to Vanity Fair, "I've never in my life said I didn't want to have children. I did and I do and I will! ... I would never give up that experience for a career." Aniston also revealed that the divorce prompted her to reach out to her mother, from whom she was estranged for nearly a decade. They initially became estranged when Nancy talked about her daughter on a television show and wrote From Mother and Daughter to Friends: A Memoir (1999).[174][175] Aniston has also stated she was devastated by the death of her longtime therapist, whose work helped make her separation from Pitt easier.[50] She said her relationship with Pitt, which she does not regret, was "seven very intense years together" and that "it was a beautiful, complicated relationship".[176]

Aniston started a relationship with actor, director, and screenwriter Justin Theroux in May 2011. The following January they purchased a home in Los Angeles's Bel Air neighborhood for roughly $22 million.[177] They became engaged on August 10, 2012[178] and were married on August 5, 2015 at their estate.[179] They separated at the end of 2017.[180]

In the media
Wealth
Aniston is one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood as of 2018.[181] She has been on the Forbes Top Earning Actresses list for 15 years, every year since 2001—and since then also on its Celebrity 100 list (based on "earnings and fame"), topping it in 2003.[182][183] According to Forbes, in October 2007, Aniston was the top-selling celebrity face of the entertainment industry.[184]

The magazine estimated her net worth at $110 million in 2007,[185] $150 million in 2014,[186] and $200 million in 2017.[187] It listed her earnings as $19.5 million in 2018.[188]

Piers Morgan

Piers Stefan Pughe-Morgan (/pɪərs/; né O'Meara; born 30 March 1965) is an English broadcaster, journalist, writer, and television personality. He is currently a co-anchor of the ITV Breakfast programme Good Morning Britain from Monday to Wednesday each week.

Morgan began his career in Fleet Street as a writer and editor for several tabloid papers, including The Sun, News of the World, and the Daily Mirror. In 1994, aged 29, he was appointed editor of the News of the World by Rupert Murdoch, which made him the youngest editor of a British national newspaper in more than half a century.[1] On television, he hosted Piers Morgan Live on CNN from 2011 to 2014, replacing Larry King Live in the timeslot following King's retirement.[2][3] He was a judge on America's Got Talent and Britain's Got Talent.[4] In 2008, Morgan won the seventh season of the US Celebrity Apprentice.[5] In the UK, he has presented Piers Morgan's Life Stories since 2009, and Good Morning Britain since 2015.[6][7] Morgan has written eight books, including four volumes of memoirs.

While working at Daily Mirror, he was in charge during the period that the paper was implicated in the phone hacking scandal. In 2011 Morgan denied having ever hacked a phone or "to my knowledge published any story obtained from the hacking of a phone". In 2012 he was criticised in the findings of the Leveson Inquiry by chair Brian Leveson who stated that comments made in Morgan's testimony about phone hacking were "utterly unpersuasive" and "that he was aware that it was taking place in the press as a whole and that he was sufficiently unembarrassed by what was criminal behaviour that he was prepared to joke about it
Early life
Piers Morgan was born in 1965 in Newick, Sussex, England[9] as Piers Stefan O'Meara, the son of Vincent Eamonn O'Meara, an Irish dentist originally from County Offaly,[9][10] and Gabrielle Georgina Sybille (née Oliver),[11] who raised her son as a Catholic.[11] With regard to his religious views, Morgan still identifies as a Catholic due to his mother's influence, and believes in an afterlife, but does not "go to Confession, probably because it would take me too long".[12] He has a brother, Jeremy, who is two years older.[13]

His father died when Morgan was 11 months old; his mother later married Glynne Pughe-Morgan,[14][15] a Welsh publican later in the meat distribution business, and he took his stepfather's surname.[1] He was at the independent Cumnor House prep school between the ages of seven and 13, then Chailey School, a comprehensive secondary school in Chailey, near Lewes, East Sussex. [13] After nine months at Lloyd's of London, Morgan studied journalism at Harlow College.[1] Morgan joined the Surrey and South London Newspaper Group in 1985,[16] working as a reporter on the South London News, and the Streatham and Tooting News.

Press career
At the Murdoch titles
Morgan began to work as a freelance at The Sun in 1988, at this point dropping his double-barrelled name. He told Hunter Davies in December 1994 that he was personally recruited by Sun editor Kelvin MacKenzie to work on the newspaper's show business column "Bizarre", his first high-profile post.[1] Although he was not a fan of pop music, he was considered skilled at self-publicity and became the column's main writer. "I became the Friend of the Stars, a rampant egomaniac, pictured all the time with famous people – Madonna, Stallone, Bowie, Paul McCartney, hundreds of them. It was shameless, as they didn't know me from Adam", he told Davies.[1]

In January 1994, he became editor of the News of the World after being appointed to the job by Rupert Murdoch. Initially an acting editor, he was confirmed in the summer, becoming at 29 the youngest national newspaper editor in more than half a century.[1] He quickly gained notice for his prying, forthright style and lack of sympathy for celebrities' privacy, claiming that they could not manipulate the media to further their own ends without accepting the consequences of a two-way deal.

Morgan left this post in 1995 shortly after publishing photographs of Catherine Victoria Lockwood, then wife of Charles, Earl Spencer, leaving an addictive disorders clinic in Surrey.[17] This action ran against the editors' code of conduct,[18] a misdemeanour for which the Press Complaints Commission upheld a complaint against Morgan.[18] Murdoch was reported as having said that "the boy went too far"[19] and publicly distanced himself from the story.[20] Fearful of a privacy law action if he had not criticised one of his employees, Murdoch is said to have[peacock term] apologised to Morgan in private.[21][22]

The incident was reported to have contributed to Morgan's decision to leave for the Daily Mirror editorship.[23] Morgan's autobiography The Insider states that he left the News of the World for the Mirror of his own choice. It asserts he was an admirer of former Conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for most of her period of office, making the appointment surprising as the Mirror is a Labour-supporting title.[13]

Daily Mirror editor
As editor of the Daily Mirror, Morgan was forced to apologise on television for the headline (rendered in upper case) "Achtung Surrender! For You Fritz Ze Euro Championship Is Over" on 25 June 1996, a day before England met Germany in a semi-final of the Euro '96 football championships.[24][25][26][27]

A £16 million package of investment in the title was rolled out from January, including the dropping of "Daily" from the masthead in February,[28] which was later reversed. Roy Greenslade wrote in August 1999 that Morgan's editorship "has made a huge difference: his enormous enthusiasm, determination and focus is a major plus".[29]

Morgan was the subject of an investigation in 2000 after Suzy Jagger wrote an article for The Daily Telegraph revealing that he had bought £20,000 worth of shares in the computer company Viglen soon before the Mirror 's "City Slickers" column tipped Viglen as a good buy.[30] Morgan was found by the Press Complaints Commission to have breached the Code of Conduct on financial journalism, but kept his job. The "City Slickers" columnists, Anil Bhoyrul and James Hipwell, were both found to have committed further breaches of the Code and were sacked before the inquiry concluded.[31] Further enquiry by the Department of Trade and Industry in 2004 cleared Morgan of any charges.[32] On 7 December 2005, Bhoyrul and Hipwell were convicted of conspiracy to breach the Financial Services Act. During the trial it emerged that Morgan had bought £67,000 worth of Viglen shares, emptying his bank account and investing under his (first) wife's name, too.[33]

The Mirror attempted to move mid-market in 2002, eschewing the more trivial stories of show-business and gossip, but sales declined.[13][34] In the wake of the Abu Ghraib torture scandal, Morgan was fired as Editor of the Daily Mirror "with immediate effect" on 14 May 2004, after refusing to apologise to Sly Bailey, then head of Trinity Mirror, for authorising the newspaper's publication of photographs which had been shown to be false.[35] These were alleged to show Iraqi prisoners being abused by British Army soldiers from the Queen's Lancashire Regiment.[36] When, within days the photographs were shown to be crude fakes, under the headline "SORRY..WE WERE HOAXED", the Mirror responded that it had fallen victim to a "calculated and malicious hoax" and apologised for the publication of the photographs.[37][38] However, Morgan has refused to admit that the photographs were faked, and has stated that the abuse shown in the photographs is similar to the sort of abuse which was happening in the British Army in Iraq at the time.[39]

Post-Mirror press career
In partnership with Matthew Freud, he gained ownership in May 2005, of Press Gazette, a media trade publication together with its "cash cow", the British Press Awards, in a deal worth £1 million.[40][41] This ownership was cited as one of the reasons many major newspapers boycotted the 2006 awards.[42] Press Gazette entered administrative receivership toward the end of 2006,[43] before being sold to a trade buyer.

First News was launched by Morgan on 4 May 2006. A weekly paper aimed at seven to 14-year-olds, he claimed at its launch that the paper was to be "Britain's first national newspaper for children".[44][45] Morgan was editorial director at First News, responsible for bringing in celebrity involvement. He referred to the role as "editorial overlord and frontman".[46]

Morgan was filmed falling off a Segway, breaking three ribs, in 2007. Simon Cowell and others made much of Morgan's previous comment in 2003, in a Mirror headline after former U.S. President George W. Bush fell off a Segway: "You'd have to be an idiot to fall off wouldn't you, Mr President".[47][48][49]

In 2012, following the revelation of Jimmy Savile's sexual abuse against children, Morgan claimed to have "never met" Savile in his lifetime; however, it was pointed out that in a 2009 piece by Morgan in The Mail on Sunday's Night & Day magazine claiming that "As I left, Jimmy Savile came up to me. 'Your TV shows are BRILLIANT!. he exclaimed. ... I've always loved Jimmy Savile."[50]

He became the editor-at-large of the Mail Online website's US operation in September 2014 and Morgan writes several columns a week.[51] He also writes a weekly diary for the Mail on Sunday Event magazine, having also written one for its predecessor Live.

Television career
Morgan's career expanded into television presenting before he left the Daily Mirror. He presented a three-part television documentary series for the BBC titled The Importance of Being Famous (2003), about fame and the manner in which celebrities are covered by modern media. At the annual Pride of Britain Awards broadcast on ITV, Morgan chaired a panel of prominent people who had chosen the recipients of the awards from 1999 to 2006.[52]

He co-hosted a current affairs interview show on Channel 4 with Amanda Platell, Morgan and Platell. Morgan and Platell were put together because of their opposing political viewpoints; Platell interrogated guests from the right wing, Morgan from the left wing.[53] The show was dropped after three series reputedly because of poor viewing figures, although the chairman of Channel 4 Luke Johnson was reported not to like the programme.[54]

Throughout 2006, Morgan appeared as a judge on the television show America's Got Talent alongside Brandy Norwood and David Hasselhoff on NBC. Morgan was chosen by Simon Cowell as a replacement for himself because of the conditions of his American Idol contract. Morgan appeared as a celebrity contestant on Comic Relief Does The Apprentice in 2007, to raise money for the BBC charity telethon Comic Relief. After his team lost, Morgan was selected by Sir Alan Sugar as the contestant to be fired.[55]

Also in 2007, Morgan appeared as a judge for the second season of America's Got Talent and also appeared as a judge on Britain's Got Talent on ITV, alongside Amanda Holden and Simon Cowell. He also presented You Can't Fire Me, I'm Famous on BBC One. He fronted a three-part documentary about Sandbanks for ITV entitled Piers Morgan on Sandbanks in January 2008.[56]

In 2008, Morgan signed a two-year "golden handcuffs" deal with ITV in May, reportedly worth £2 million per year. As part of the deal, he would continue as a judge on Britain's Got Talent for at least two more series and front a new chat show. He also made some interview specials, plus three more documentaries from various countries. Morgan's golden handcuffs deal was the first signing by ITV's new director of television, Peter Fincham.[57] On 8 September, Morgan featured in The Dark Side of Fame with Piers Morgan, produced by BBC Scotland.

In February 2009, he began a three-part series, Piers Morgan On..., which saw him visit Dubai, Monte Carlo and Hollywood.[58] The programme returned for a second series in 2010 when Morgan visited Las Vegas in one episode.[59]

Also in 2009, his began hosting Piers Morgan's Life Stories on ITV, with Sharon Osbourne as the subject of the first episode.[60] Other guests on the programme included Cheryl[61] and the then Prime Minister Gordon Brown.[62]

On 8 September 2010, CNN announced that Morgan would replace Larry King in the network's evening line-up with his show, Piers Morgan Live, beginning on 17 January 2011.[63][64] After poor ratings, CNN announced that the show was to be axed.[65] It was cancelled in February 2014 and ended its run in March 2014.[66] Commenting on the viewing figures, Morgan said that he was "a British guy debating American cultural issues, including guns, which has been very polarizing, and there is no doubt that there are many in the audience who are tired of me banging on about it."[67]

From 13 April to 17 April 2015, Morgan guest-hosted five episodes of Good Morning Britain on ITV and became a permanent co-host in November 2015, appearing alongside Susanna Reid and Charlotte Hawkins.[68] "You can't help but go into battle with him every morning", Reid has said of her colleague with whom she has clashed.[69]

From 2016 to 2017, Morgan interviewed female murderers on the TV series Killer Women with Piers Morgan.[70][71] He also presented Serial Killer with Piers Morgan, as part of the 2017 Crime & Punishment season on ITV. In October 2018, Morgan appeared as a cameo on Hollyoaks.[72]

Donald Trump
Morgan was the winner of the U.S. celebrity version of The Apprentice, in 2008. He was eventually the overall winner, being named Celebrity Apprentice by host Donald Trump on 27 March, ahead of fellow finalist, American country music star Trace Adkins,[73][74] and having raised substantially more cash than all the other contestants combined.[75] Morgan was called "ruthless, arrogant, evil and obnoxious" by Trump in the final.[76]

Morgan stated he personally would not vote for Donald Trump in the 2016 United States presidential election (though as a permanent resident of the United States, not a citizen, he is not qualified to vote).[77] He predicted Trump's election as President of the United States and has described himself as a close personal friend of Trump.[78] Morgan interviewed Donald Trump on Good Morning Britain in March 2016.[79]

Morgan appeared on ITV's Loose Women panel show in late January 2017, and was challenged to repudiate Donald Trump.[80] He refused to do so, despite stating that he disagreed with him on many issues relating to gun control, climate change, abortion and the "Muslim travel ban", saying that he found the principle of the ban understandable, but disagreed with "the way [Trump] has gone about it".[80]

Nearly a fortnight later, on the American talk show Real Time with Bill Maher, Morgan said "There is no Muslim ban", as "85% of the world's Muslims are allowed in the country". Another participant in the discussion, Australian comedian Jim Jefferies, immediately told him to "fuck off", adding in part "Hitler didn't kill the Jews on the first day, he worked up to it".[81] After the novelist J. K. Rowling tweeted "Yes, watching Piers Morgan being told to fuck off on live TV is *exactly* as satisfying as I'd always imagined", the two began an exchange of words on the social media site.[82][83]

Morgan criticised Trump after Trump retweeted Jayda Fransen, deputy leader of the small right-wing party Britain First in late November 2017. He tweeted to Trump: "What the hell are you doing retweeting a bunch of unverified videos by Britain First, a bunch of disgustingly racist far-right extremists? Please STOP this madness & undo your retweets".[84]

In January 2018, Morgan presented President Trump – The Piers Morgan Interview for ITV,[85][86] which many thought of as "sycophantic" and a "love-in" for Trump.[87] Of respondents to a Radio Times Twitter poll, 88% viewed Morgan as being not "tough enough" on Trump.[87] Morgan interviewed Trump again in July 2018 during his official visit to the UK, this time on Air Force One during an internal flight, in a TV special entitled Piers, The President and Air Force One.[88]

In December 2018, Morgan wrote a letter to Trump formally applying to become White House Chief of Staff.[89]

During Trump's state visit to the United Kingdom in June 2019, Morgan once again interviewed the President, with the interview taking place at the Churchill War Rooms.[90] The TV special was entitled Piers and the President in the Churchill War Rooms.

Feuds
Ian Hislop
Morgan appeared as a guest on the satirical news quiz Have I Got News for You in an episode transmitted on 24 May 1996.[91] In it, show regular Ian Hislop accused Morgan of having him followed and having his house watched. The conflict escalated and at one point the host, Angus Deayton, asked if they wished to go outside and have a fight. Later on, guest panellist Clive Anderson confronted Morgan commenting, "the last time I was rude to you, you sent photographers to my doorstep the next day", to which Piers Morgan retorted, "You won't see them this time." The audience responded loudly in favour of Hislop.[92] "We're about to start exposing the moon-faced midget", Morgan was quoted as saying in 2002, to which Hislop responded, "all he's been offering for information about my private life is a £50 reward. My friends think that's not nearly enough."[23]

In 2007, Hislop chose Morgan as one of his pet hates on Room 101.[93][94] In doing so, Hislop spoke of the history of animosity between himself and Morgan and revealed that after their exchange on Have I Got News For You (which was shown as a clip), Morgan's reporters were tasked with trying to get gossip on Hislop's private life (including phoning acquaintances of Hislop), and photographers were sent in case Hislop did anything untoward or embarrassing while in their presence. Neither the reporters nor the photographers succeeded. Hislop also revealed that Morgan had attempted to quell the feud in an article in The Mail on Sunday, saying, "The war is over. I'm officially calling an end to hostilities, at least from my end. I'm sure it won't stop him carrying on his 'Piers Moron' stuff"[95] (Private Eye, the fortnightly satirical magazine which Hislop edits, regularly calls Morgan 'Piers Moron')[96][97][98] Hislop, who was working on a World War I documentary at the time, responded by asking "Is that an armistice or an unconditional surrender?" Although Paul Merton – host of Room 101 at the time and regular team captain alongside Hislop at Have I Got News For You – agreed to put Morgan into Room 101, he then comically rejected Morgan as being "too toxic" for Room 101.[93][99][100]

Others
In October 2003, journalist and television personality Jeremy Clarkson reportedly emptied a glass of water over Morgan during the last flight of Concorde for some photographs published in the Mirror.[101] In March 2004, at the British Press Awards, Clarkson punched Morgan three times during another argument.[101] Morgan reported on a rapprochement with Clarkson in the epilogue of his book, Don't You Know Who I Am?

On 4 February 2014, transgender advocate Janet Mock appeared as a guest on Piers Morgan Live to discuss her memoir, Redefining Realness. After the interview aired, Mock sent a series of tweets criticising Morgan for describing Mock as being "formerly a man". Morgan responded that he had "never been treated in such a disgraceful manner" by a guest. On 5 February, Mock appeared as a guest again to debate the dispute.[102]

Morgan strongly objected to the Women's March on Washington on 21 January 2017, the day after Trump's inauguration, describing protesters as "rabid feminists" and the multiple protests as being "vacuous".[103] The actor Ewan McGregor disagreed with Morgan's statements on the women's march and pulled out of appearing on Good Morning Britain the following Tuesday after discovering Morgan would be interviewing him, along with Reid.[104] Morgan accused McGregor of being a "paedophile-loving hypocrite" for his past support of Roman Polanski.[105]

Banned guests
In May 2011, Morgan banned actor Hugh Grant from his shows on CNN and ITV after Grant spoke out against the need for the tabloid press. On Twitter he responded: "Hugh Grant is now banned, in perpetuity, from @PiersTonight and Life Stories and anything else I ever do. Tedious little man."[106]

On 28 March 2012, MTV referred to the bad relations between Piers Morgan and Madonna, reporting that "Morgan has apparently felt slighted over the years by Madonna...he claims he was lied to by the singer's publicist".[107]

In September 2012, it was reported that Morgan had also banned actor Kelsey Grammer. Morgan himself claimed, "Kelsey Grammer saw a photo of his ex-wife Camille in the open of our show and legged it."[108] TVGuide reported, "All plans were still a go for the segment until Grammer actually got in the hot seat and saw the footage the producers had planned to peg to the segment, including a picture of his ex-wife".[109] On 26 September 2012, Fox 11 Los Angeles reported that "many say [it] was an ambush by Piers".[110] The Huffington Post reported that "before the interview was scheduled, it was made clear that Grammer would answer all questions, including those about [his ex-wife]. His sole request was not to show any images of her."[111]

Phone hacking allegations
During Morgan's tenure as editor, the Daily Mirror was advised by Steven Nott that voicemail interception was possible by means of a standard PIN code. Despite staff initially expressing enthusiasm for the story it did not appear in the paper, although it did subsequently feature in a South Wales Argus article and on BBC Radio 5 Live in October 1999. On 18 July 2011 Nott was visited by officers of Operation Weeting.[112]

He came under criticism for his "boasting" about phone hacking from Conservative MP Louise Mensch, who has since apologised for these accusations.[113]

In July 2011, in a sequence of articles, political blogger Paul Staines alleged that while editor of the Daily Mirror in 2002 Morgan published a story concerning the affair of Sven-Goran Eriksson and Ulrika Jonsson while knowing it to have been obtained by phone hacking.[114]

On 20 December 2011, Morgan was a witness by satellite link from the United States at the Leveson Inquiry.[115] While he said he had no reason to believe that phone hacking had occurred at the Mirror while he was in charge there, he admitted to hearing a recording of an answerphone message left by Paul McCartney for Heather Mills, but refused to "discuss where that tape was played or who made [it] – it would compromise a source."[115] Appearing as a witness at the same Inquiry on 9 February 2012, Mills was asked under oath if she had ever made a recording of Paul McCartney's phone call or had played it to Piers Morgan; she replied: "Never".[116][117] She said that she had never authorised Morgan, or anybody, to access or listen to her voicemails.[116] Mills told the inquiry that Morgan, "a man that has written nothing but awful things about me for years", would have relished telling the inquiry if she had played a personal voicemail message to him.[117]

On 23 May 2012, Newsnight presenter Jeremy Paxman was a witness at the Leveson Inquiry. He recalled a lunch with the Mirror editor in September 2002 at which Morgan outlined the means of hacking into a mobile phone.[118]

On 28 November 2012, the Channel 4 documentary Taking on the Tabloids, fronted by actor and phone hacking victim Hugh Grant, showed footage from a 2003 interview with Morgan by the singer and phone hacking victim Charlotte Church, during which he explained to her how to avoid answerphone messages being listened to by journalists. He said: "You can access ... voicemails by typing in a number. Now, are you really telling me that journalists aren’t going to do that?"[119][120]

On 29 November 2012, the official findings of the Leveson Inquiry were released, in which Lord Justice Leveson said that Morgan's testimony under oath on phone hacking was "utterly unpersuasive". He stated: "[The] evidence does not establish that [Morgan] authorised the hacking of voicemails or that journalists employed by TMG [Trinity Mirror Group] were indulging in this practice ... What it does, however, clearly prove is that he was aware that it was taking place in the press as a whole and that he was sufficiently unembarrassed by what was criminal behaviour that he was prepared to joke about it.
On 6 December 2013, Morgan was interviewed, under caution, by police officers from Operation Weeting investigating phone hacking allegations at Mirror Group Newspapers during his tenure as editor.[122]

On 24 September 2014, the Trinity Mirror publishing group admitted for the first time that some of its journalists had been involved in phone hacking and agreed to pay compensation to four people who sued for the alleged hacking of voicemails.[123][124] Six other phone-hacking claims had already been settled. The BBC reported that it had seen legal papers showing that although the alleged hacking could have taken place as early as 1998, the bulk of the alleged wrongdoing took place in the early 2000s when Morgan was the Daily Mirror editor.[125] The admissions by Trinity Mirror came whilst the London Metropolitan Police investigation into the phone hacking allegations was ongoing. Morgan has always denied any involvement in the practice.[125]

Personal life
Morgan married Marion Shalloe, a hospital ward sister,[1] in 1991. The couple had three sons, Albert, Spencer, and Stanley, and divorced in 2008.[126][127] In June 2010, he married his second wife, journalist Celia Walden, daughter of the former Conservative MP George Walden.[128] Morgan announced in mid 2011 that the couple were expecting a child,[129] and on 25 November 2011, Walden gave birth to a daughter, Elise, her first child and Morgan's fourth.[130]

Morgan is a fan of Premier League football club Arsenal F.C.[131] He was a consistent critic of former Arsenal manager Arsène Wenger and called for his sacking on many occasions. Speaking in defence of Wenger in 2015, former Arsenal goalkeeper Bob Wilson labelled Morgan an "incredibly pompous individual".[132] When Arsenal midfielder Aaron Ramsey met Morgan on 26 April 2015, Ramsey refused to shake his hand due to the criticism he received from Morgan during the 2012–13 season. Morgan has responded by calling Ramsey 'whatshisname'.[133]

Politically, Morgan identified as a supporter of the Conservative Party in a 1994 interview.

Esther Duflo

Esther Duflo, FBA (French: [dyflo]; born 25 October 1972) is a French–American economist,[6] who is the Professor of Poverty Alleviation and Development Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). She is the co-founder and co-director of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab.

Duflo is a National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) research associate, a board member of the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development (BREAD), and director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research's development economics program. She shared the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Abhijit Banerjee and Michael Kremer, "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty". She is the youngest person and the second woman to win the award.

Her research focuses on microeconomic issues in developing countries, including household behavior, education, access to finance, health, and policy evaluation. Together with Banerjee, Dean Karlan, Kremer, John A. List, and Sendhil Mullainathan, she has been a driving force in advancing field experiments as an important methodology to discover causal relationships in economics. Together with Banerjee, she has written Good Economics for Hard Times, to be published in November 2019
Early life and education
Duflo was born in 1972 in Paris, the daughter of a medical doctor (pediatrician) (Violaine Duflo) and a mathematics professor (Michel Duflo). During Duflo's childhood, her mother often participated in medical humanitarian projects.[7][8]

After studying in the B/L program of Lycée Henri-IV's Classes préparatoires, Duflo began her undergraduate studies at École normale supérieure in Paris planning to study history, her interest since childhood. In her second year she began considering a career in the civil service or politics. She spent ten months in Moscow starting in 1993. She taught French and worked on a history thesis that described how the Soviet Union "had used the big construction sites, like the Stalingrad tractor factory, for propaganda, and how propaganda requirements changed the actual shape of the projects." In Moscow, she also worked as a research assistant for a French economist then connected to the Central Bank of Russia and, separately, for Jeffrey Sachs, the American economist at Harvard University, advising the Minister of Finance. The experiences at these research posts led her to conclude that "economics had potential as a lever of action in the world" and she could satisfy academic ambitions while doing "things that mattered".[7]

She finished her degree in history and economics at École Normale Supérieure in 1994, and received a master's degree from DELTA, now the Paris School of Economics, jointly with the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) of the Université Paris Sciences et Lettres(PSL) and the École Normale Supérieure in 1995. Subsequently, she completed a Ph.D. in economics at MIT in 1999, under the joint supervision of Abhijit Banerjee and Joshua Angrist. Her Ph.D. dissertation focused on effects of a natural experiment involving an Indonesian school-expansion program in the 1970s and it provided the conclusive evidence that in a developing country, more education resulted in higher wages.[7] Upon completing her PhD, she was appointed assistant professor of economics at MIT and has been at MIT ever since, aside from a leave at Princeton University in 2001–2002.[9] She was promoted to associate professor (with tenure) in 2002, at 29, making her among the youngest faculty member to be awarded tenure.[7]

Career
After earning her Ph.D in 1999, she was appointed an assistant professor at MIT. At 29, she was the youngest faculty member to serve at MIT.[10]

Duflo and Banerjee have taken a special interest in India since 1997. In 2003, she conducted a trial experiment on teacher absenteeism in 120 schools run by a non-profit group. By encouraging the teachers to photograph themselves with their students each day, she was able to reduce their absenteeism.[7]

In 2003, she co-founded Poverty Action Lab at MIT, which has since conducted over 200 empirical development experiments and trained development practitioners to run randomized controlled trials.[11] The lab has branches in Chennai, India and at the Paris School of Economics.[12] Focused on assessing developments addressing social welfare, in 2008 it received the Frontier of Knowledge award for development cooperation.[13][10] In 2006, together with several colleagues, Duflo conducted another experiment in India. It showed that taped speeches by women were more readily accepted in villages which had experienced women leaders. Duflo became increasingly convinced that communities supporting women candidates could expect economic benefits but experienced difficulty in convincing her peers.[7]

Duflo is an NBER research associate,[14] a board member of the Bureau for Research and Economic Analysis of Development (BREAD),[15] and director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research's development economics program where she serves as both a board member and a director.[16][10]

She was the founding editor of the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics and is a co-editor of The Review of Economics and Statistics and the Journal of Development Economics. Also, she is a member of the editorial committee of the Annual Review of Economics and a member of the Human Capital Research Programme within the International Growth Centre.[12]

She writes a monthly column for Libération, a French daily newspaper.[17]

She was the main speaker at the first Bocconi Lecture of Bocconi University in 2010,[18] followed in 2011 by Caroline Hoxby.

Personal life
Duflo is married to MIT professor Banerjee; the couple has two young children.[19][20] Banerjee was a joint supervisor of Duflo's Ph.D. in economics at MIT in 1999.[7]

Publications
Books
In April 2011, she released her book Poor Economics, co-authored with Banerjee. It documents their 15 years of experience in conducting randomized control trials to alleviate poverty.[21] The book has received a very positive acclaim. Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen called it "a marvelously insightful book by the two outstanding researchers on the real nature of poverty."[22][23]

Banerjee, Abhijit V.; Duflo, Esther (2019). Good Economics for Hard Times: Better Answers to Our Biggest Problems. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-5417-6287-9.
Banerjee, Abhijit Vinayak; Duflo, Esther, eds. (2017). Handbook of Field Experiments, Volume 1. North–Holland (an imprint of Elsevier). ISBN 9780444633248.
Banerjee, Abhijit V.; Duflo, Esther (2011). Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty. New York: PublicAffairs. ISBN 9781610390408.
Banerjee, Abhijit Vinayak; Duflo, Esther, eds. (2017). Handbook of Field Experiments, Volume 2. North–Holland (an imprint of Elsevier). ISBN 9780444640116.
Duflo, Ester (2010). Le Développment Humain (Lutter contre la pauvreté, volume 1 (in French). Paris: Le Seuil. ISBN 2021014746.
Duflo, Ester (2010). Le Développment Humain (Lutter contre la pauvreté, volume 2 (in French). Paris: Le Seuil. ISBN 2021011879.
Duflo, Ester (2009). Expérience, science et lutter contre la pauvreté (in French). Paris: Fayard. ISBN 2818500079.
Papers
Duflo has published numerous papers, receiving 6,200 citations in 2017. Most of them have appeared in the top five economic journals.[12]

Awards
Nobel prize in Economic Sciences
Esther Duflo was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2019 along with her two co-researchers Abhijit Banerjee and Michael Kremer "for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty". Duflo is the youngest person and the second woman to win this award.[24]

The press release from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences noted: "Their experimental research methods now entirely dominate development economics."[25][26]

The Nobel committee commented:

"Banerjee, Duflo and their co-authors concluded that students appeared to learn nothing from additional days at school. Neither did spending on textbooks seem to boost learning, even though the schools in Kenya lacked many essential inputs. Moreover, in the Indian context Banerjee and Duflo intended to study, many children appeared to learn little: in results from field tests in the city of Vadodara fewer than one in five third-grade students could correctly answer first-grade curriculum math test questions.[26]
"In response to such findings, Banerjee, Duflo and co-authors argued that efforts to get more children into school must be complemented by reforms to improve school quality."[26]
Responding by telephone to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Duflo explained that she received the prize "at an extremely opportune and important time" and hoped that it would "inspire many, many other women to continue working and many other men to give them the respect that they deserve like every single human being."[27]

French President Emmanuel Macron offered his congratulations: "Esther Duflo's magnificent Nobel Prize is a reminder that French economists are currently among the best in the world and shows that research in that field can have concrete impact on human welfare."[28]

Other awards
In 2014, she won the Infosys Prize in Social Science-Economics for leading "a major shift in development economics".[23]

In November 2013, she was honoured as an Officer of the French Order of Merit.[29]

She is a recipient of the 2010 John Bates Clark Medal for economists under 40 made the most significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge.[30] In the autumn of 2010, she was named to Fortune magazine's 40 Under 40 list.[31] She received her (first) honorary doctorate from the Université catholique de Louvain, on 2 February 2010.[32]

In 2009 she was named a MacArthur Foundation Fellow, otherwise known as a "genius" grant.[33] She is also a fellow of American Academy of Arts and Sciences from 2009.[34] On 21 May 2009 she was selected as the first recipient of the Calvó-Armengol International Prize, which she finally received on 4 June 2010. That is awarded every two years to a top young researcher in economics or the social sciences for contributions to the theory and comprehension of the mechanisms of social interaction.[35]

The United States magazine Foreign Policy named her as one of the top 100 public intellectuals in the world in May 2008.[36] In 2010, Foreign Policy again named her to its list of top 100 global thinkers.[37] The Economist lists Duflo as one of the top eight young economists in the world.[38] She was named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people in the world in April 2011.[39]

In 2005, the think tank Cercle des économistes awarded her the Best Young French Economist prize.[40] She was awarded the Elaine Bennett Research Prize by the American Economic Association in 2002, which honours a female economist under 40 who has made outstanding contributions in any field of economic research.[41]

In 2012, Duflo was picked by Foreign Policy magazine as one of its Top 100 Global Thinkers.[42] She shared the 2012 Gerald Loeb Award Honorable Mention for Business Book for Poor Economics with co-author Abhijit Banerjee.[43]

She received the 2015 Princess of Asturias Social Sciences award in Spain

ITV

ITV is a British free-to-air television channel. Previously a network of separate uniquely identifiable regional television channels, ITV currently operates in England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands.

From 2001 until 2013, the primary ITV channel was called ITV1. In 2004, Granada Television acquired Carlton Communications to form ITV plc.

ITV is the biggest and most popular commercial television channel in the United Kingdom. ITV, and its predecessor channels have contended with BBC One for the status of the UK's most watched television channel since the 1950s. However, in line with other terrestrial channels, ITV's audience share has fallen as a result of availability of multi-channel television in the UK
Following the creation of the Television Act 1954, the establishment of a commercial television service in the UK began.

The Independent Television service, abbreviated ITV, was made up of distinct regions, with each region run by different franchisee companies. The three largest regions, London, the Midlands, and the North of England, were sub-divided into weekday and weekend services, with a different company running each. ITV existed in a region-heavy form from its inception through to the 2000s, although the switch to a single unified service was gradual.

ITV1 became the generic on-screen brand name used by the twelve franchises of the ITV Network in the United Kingdom. The ITV1 brand was introduced in 2001 by Carlton- and Granada-owned franchises, initially used alongside the local regional name, such as "ITV1 Anglia" and "ITV1 Meridian". However, it became the sole on-air identity in 2002 when the two companies decided to create a single unified playout of the channel, with regional references only used prior to regional programming, such as local news and weather. Carlton and Granada went on to merge in 2004, creating ITV plc, which now owns thirteen of the fifteen regional ITV licences.

The ITV1 name was only used in England, Wales, Southern Scotland, and Isle of Man, until Channel Television adopted the name in January 2006, bringing it to the Channel Islands. As national continuity is often used on Channel Television, ITV1 national branding had been seen on the station for several years previously.

The licencees that used the ITV brand were: Anglia Television, Border Television, Carlton Television, Central Independent Television, Channel Television, Granada Television, HTV, London Weekend Television, Meridian Television, Tyne Tees Television, Westcountry Television, and Yorkshire Television.

ITV Wales & West was the only exception, using the name ITV1 Wales at all times for the Welsh part of its broadcast area, as it has a higher regional commitment. Latterly, the ITV1 Wales name was only used on break-bumpers and regionally advertised programmes until 2013. Non ITV plc-owned licencees on the ITV network generally did not refer to the ITV name.

The network production arms of the ITV-plc owned licencees have been gradually combined since 1993, to eventually form ITV Studios.

Corporate unification
ITV was formed by the unification of eleven of the ITV licences. The United Kingdom Broadcasting Act 1990 changed many of the rules regulating the ITV network, which most notably relaxed separate franchise ownership, and hours of production. However, as far back as 1974, Yorkshire Television and its North East neighbour, Tyne Tees Television, formally created Trident Television, a merged entity of the two companies. By 1981, due to regulation, the company was forced to de-merge; however, they resumed their alliance in 1993 as Yorkshire-Tyne Tees Television, which therefore owned the two franchises, and integrated the two company's assets more than its predecessor.

The intense race to own a larger share of the ITV network began in 1994, when Carlton Communications, the owner of London weekday broadcaster Carlton Television, took control of Central Independent Television in the Midlands. Literally days afterwards, Granada plc, owner of Granada Television of the North West, purchased London Weekend Television (LWT). Meridian's owner, Mills and Allen International, then went on to purchase Anglia Television in the same year, before merging to become United News and Media (UNM) in 1995. UNM then went on to purchase Wales and West broadcaster, HTV in 1996, while Carlton purchased Westcountry Television later that year. Granada then agreed a deal to take over Yorkshire-Tyne Tees Television in 1997, giving the broadcaster access to both Yorkshire and North East franchises.

There was no further movement in the take-over of franchises until 2000, when Border Television and all of its radio assets were sold to Capital Radio Group, who consequently sold the television broadcasting arm to Granada Media Group. Granada then went on to purchase all of UNM's television interests (including its ITV franchises), which brought Meridian, Anglia, and HTV into its power, but due to regulation, Granada was forced to sell HTV to Carlton. By this time, all of the franchises in England and Wales were owned by either Carlton or Granada.

In 2004, Granada plc officially merged with Carlton Communications, creating ITV plc, although it was in effect, a takeover by Granada. In 2011, ITV plc acquired Channel Television from its private owners Yattendon Group plc. On 19 October 2015, ITV announced they were to buy UTV for £100 million subject to regulatory approval. The deal also included UTV Ireland, UTV's Irish channel. Unlike other ITV franchises owned by ITV plc that use the ITV name, the UTV name will be retained.

Regional variations
ITV consists of twelve franchises in England and Wales which broadcast regional news and other local programming to its area. Many franchise areas in England previously had sub-regions providing separate regional news bulletins. For example, the Anglia region was divided into West and East. This arrangement came to an end in February 2009, when ITV implemented plans to save the company £40m a year on the amount it spent making local news.

Since 27 October 2002, on all ITV plc-owned franchises, regional programming has been preceded or plugged by an oral regional announcement, in the format ITV1 regional brand; e.g. ITV1 Granada. In English regions, up until 13 November 2006, regional names were also superimposed (post-production) on these idents below the ITV1 logo, but this practice has since ceased. ITV Wales remains unaffected, and still continues to use dual-branding across all of its on-screen presentation. Despite the lack of regional names on screen, the regional name is usually spoken by the continuity announcer prior to local programmes. After ITV's unification in 2002, the two London franchises, Carlton Television and London Weekend Television were merged into a single entity, ITV London, while the Wales and West franchise lost its official identity, and instead was substituted with ITV Wales and ITV West on-air, with no reference linking the two together (the licence was formally split in two by Ofcom from 1 January 2015).

Channel Television adopted the ITV1 brand on-air prior to the 2011 ITV plc takeover of the channel.

Areas with full ITV branding and continuity:

Zoe Kravitz

Zoë Isabella Kravitz (born December 1, 1988)[1] is an American actress, singer, and model. She is the daughter of musician Lenny Kravitz and actress Lisa Bonet. Kravitz made her acting debut in the 2007 film No Reservations.

Her breakthrough role came as Angel Salvadore in the 2011 superhero film X-Men: First Class, which was followed by roles in The Divergent Series and Mad Max: Fury Road. Since then, Kravitz has had a supporting role in the Harry Potter spin-off film Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them and its sequel, has portrayed Selina Kyle / Catwoman in The Lego Batman Movie, a role she will reprise in live action in The Batman, as well as starring roles in independent films, like Dope and Adam Green's Aladdin. Since 2017, Kravitz has co-starred in the HBO ensemble drama series Big Little Lies.

In addition to acting, Kravitz has worked as a model and musician. She was the face of Vera Wang's Princess fragrance in 2009, and has modeled for Venus Zine and Elle. She fronts the band Lolawolf, and released the album Calm Down in 2014. The band has opened for Lily Allen and Miley Cyrus and played a number of music festivals.

Early life

Kravitz was born in Venice, Los Angeles, California, at the home of her parents, actress Lisa Bonet and musician Lenny Kravitz.[2] Both of her parents are of half Black and half Jewish descent.[3][4] Her paternal grandmother, actress Roxie Roker (a first cousin once removed of television weather forecaster Al Roker), and her maternal grandfather, Allen Bonet, were black, with some of her grandmother's family being from the Bahamas.[5] Her paternal grandfather, NBC television news producer Sy Kravitz, and maternal grandmother, Arlene Litman, were both Jewish.[6][7][8][9] Zoë identifies as a secular Jew.[10]

Kravitz's parents married in 1987 and divorced six years later, in 1993, when she was five.[11] She lived with her mother in Topanga Canyon, and then moved to Miami at age eleven to live with her father, spending summers with her mother.[12][13] Kravitz has a younger half-sister, Lola Iolani Momoa, and half-brother, Nakoa-Wolf Manakauapo Namakaeha Momoa,[14] from her mother's remarriage to actor Jason Momoa.[15] Her godfather is movie producer Bruce Cohen, and her godmothers are actresses Marisa Tomei and Cree Summer.[16][17][18]

Kravitz attended Miami Country Day School and then Rudolf Steiner School in Manhattan, New York, where she graduated in 2007.[19] Kravitz began studying that year at the acting conservatory at the State University of New York at Purchase.[20] She left college after a year and moved to Brooklyn, New York to work in films.[21] She struggled with anorexia and bulimia throughout high school, until around age 24.[12]

Acting career

2007–2010: Career beginnings

Kravitz landed her first film role while in high school, playing a babysitter hired by Catherine Zeta-Jones' character in the 2007 romantic comedy No Reservations.[22] That same year she also appeared in the action thriller The Brave One. In 2008, Kravitz appeared in the music video for Jay Z's "I Know", and was featured singing in will.i.am's music video for "We Are the Ones", in support of US presidential candidate Barack Obama.[23] That same year she also appeared in the family drama Birds of America and neo noir comedy Assassination of a High School President.[24]

In 2009, Kravitz co-starred in the independent ensemble drama The Greatest, in which her character is addicted to grief counseling groups.[25][26] In 2010, she appeared in It's Kind of a Funny Story.[27] Also that year, Kravitz appeared in Twelve.[28] Kravitz next starred in the romantic comedy Beware the Gonzo, in which she portrays a high school sex columnist.[29][30][31]

2011–present: Mainstream success

In 2011, Kravitz appeared in the coming-of-age film Yelling to the Sky.[32][33] She also appeared in eight episodes of the Showtime television series Californication, in which she portrayed Pearl, the vocalist of the all-female band Queens of Dogtown.[34] That same year she portrayed the comic book character Angel Salvadore in X-Men: First Class.[35] Kravitz filmed her scenes in London and performed wire work for her role, to simulate her character's ability to fly.[13] In late 2011, Kravitz completed work on a film with the working title Treading Water,[36] which was eventually released in 2013, renamed The Boy Who Smells Like Fish.

In 2013, she co-starred in After Earth.[37] In 2014, she portrayed the character Christina in Divergent.[38] Kravitz reprised her role in the sequels Insurgent and Allegiant. Also in 2014, she starred in the independent drama The Road Within and the romantic comedy Pretend We're Kissing.[39][40] She also appeared in the drama Good Kill.[41]

In 2015, Kravitz appeared in the comedy-drama Dope and in Mad Max: Fury Road.[42] In 2016, she co-starred in the action thriller Vincent N Roxxy and appeared in the independent film Adam Green's Aladdin.[43][44] Kravitz also had a cameo in the Harry Potter spin-off Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them as Leta Lestrange.[45] In 2017, Kravitz starred in the mystery thriller Gemini.[46] She also appeared in the comedy Rough Night and The Lego Batman Movie, in which she voiced the comic book character Catwoman.[47] Since 2017, Kravitz has starred in the HBO series Big Little Lies, in which she portrays Bonnie Carlson.[48] Kravitz appeared in the 2018 science fiction action film Kin, and reprised her role as Leta Lestrange in Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald in a larger capacity.[49][45]

In 2018, she appeared on BBC Children in Need with Eddie Redmayne setting up Alex Jones from BBC1's The One Show with the help of 3 children feeding the answers to the interview questions.[50]

Future roles

Kravitz is also set to star as one of the leads in Viena and the Fantomes, and in Black Belle as a gunslinger in the American Old West.[51][52] Kravitz will once again portray Selina Kyle / Catwoman in director Matt Reeves' The Batman, which is scheduled for release on June 25, 2021.[53]

Other ventures

Modeling and fashion

Kravitz has modeled in fashion magazines such as French Jalouse, Venus Zine and Elle. She was named the face of Vera Wang's Princess fragrance in 2009, appearing on the website and in advertisements for the brand.[54] Kravitz starred in a campaign for fashion designer Alexander Wang in 2010,[55] and represented Vera Wang's new Preppy Princess fragrance in 2011.[56] In 2013, Kravitz released a jewelry line in collaboration with the Swarovski crystal company. She used ethnic and vintage jewelry, and her birthstone, Turquoise, as inspiration for her designs.[57] She became the face of Brooklyn-based designer Alexis Bittar's jewelry line in 2015.[58]

Kravitz was ranked one of the best dressed women in 2018 by fashion website Net-a-Porter. [59]

Music

Kravitz began making music at the age of 16.[60] She fronted the New York/Philadelphia-based band Elevator Fight, which she formed in 2009.[19] The band performed at the South by Southwest music festival and on the main stage of the Roots Picnic in Philadelphia in June 2009, along with The Roots, TV On The Radio, and The Black Keys. She stated in 2011 that her music is a hobby.[13] She also performed with the cabaret troupe The Citizens Band.[60]

Kravitz started the band Lolawolf while in Los Angeles filming The Road Within. Made up of members of the band Reputante, Lolawolf released an eponymous EP and debuted at the Mercury Lounge in November 2013.[16] The band was named after Kravitz' younger siblings, Lola and Nakoa-Wolf.[60] They released their debut album, Calm Down, on October 21, 2014,[61] and supported Lily Allen, Miley Cyrus, and Warpaint on tour in 2014.[62] The band released the five-track EP, Every Fuckin Day, on June 23, 2015.[63]

In 2018, Kravitz was featured on the song "Screwed" on Janelle Monáe's album Dirty Computer.[64] She was also featured on "Anti-Social Smokers Club" on Rae Sremmurd's third album SR3MM.[65]

Personal life

Kravitz lives in Williamsburg, Brooklyn.[66][67] The song "Flowers for Zoë," included on her father's second album Mama Said, was written as a tribute to then-two-year-old Zoë.[68]

In 2010, Kravitz dated fellow actor Ezra Miller while they were filming Beware the Gonzo.[69]

In 2016, Kravitz began a relationship with actor Karl Glusman.[70] Kravitz revealed in an interview published in October 2018 that she had become engaged in February of that year.[71] The two were married at Kravitz's father's home in Paris, France on June 29, 2019